Fiziolohichnyĭ zhurnal最新文献

{"title":"Prebiotic prevents the development of gastrointestinal motility disorders caused by omeprazole","authors":"L. M. Korinchak","doi":"10.15407/fz69.05.083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz69.05.083","url":null,"abstract":"The synthetic disaccharide lactulose, consisting of fructose and galactose, after oral administration in an unchanged form reaches the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract, where under the action of normal flora it is broken down into short-chain fatty acids that stimulate colon motility. The effect of lactulose on gastrointestinal tract motility in the conditions of its long-term suppression by omeprazole has not been investigated. We studied the influence of lactulose on spontaneous and carbachol-stimulated gastric and colonic motility in rats treated with omeprazole for 28 days. The animals were divided into 3 groups. The first group of animals served as a control. The animals in the second group were administered omeprazole intraperitoneally at a dose of 14 mg/kg orally once a day for 28 days. The animals in the third group were simultaneously injected intraperitoneally with omeprazole and prebiotic lactulose at a dose of 0.2 g/kg orally once a day for 28 days. On the day after the last injections of drugs, we investigated the spontaneous and carbachol-stimulated contractions in the stomach and colon by the balloon graphic method. It was found that the frequency of spontaneous and stimulated contractions in the stomach and colon did not change significantly after 28 days of omeprazole treatment. The amplitude and index of spontaneous and carbachol-stimulated contractions in the stomach and colon were significantly weaker compared to the control. One day after the 28-day simultaneous administration of omeprazole and lactulose the amplitude and index of spontaneous and stimulated contractions in the stomach and colon increased compared with the group of rats treated with omeprazole alone. We concluded that the positive effect of lactulose on gastric and colon motility is a result of the prebiotic properties of lactulose which leads to the normalization of the microbiocenosis in the gastrointestinal tract and the elimination of the inflammatory process in it.","PeriodicalId":12307,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyĭ zhurnal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139323111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROPIONIC ACID RESTORES MUCIN SECRETION IN THE GASTRIC FUNDUS IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES","authors":"T.R. Kerimov, S. Savosko, S.M. Smirnov, L.V. Natrus","doi":"10.15407/fz69.05.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz69.05.051","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a number of complications, in particular, gastrointestinal tract dysfunction. Impaired mucin secretion by the gastric mucosa in rats with T2DM may affect the absorption of drugs in the stomach and may explain the poor efficacy of treatment and correction of the condition. The aim of our work was to study changes in mucin secretion by the mucous membrane of the gastric fundus in rats with T2DM and the administration of metformin in combination with propionate. T2DM was modelled in rats by a high-fat diet for 3 months with a single administration of streptozotocin (25 mg/kg). Pharmacological correction was performed by intragastric administration of metformin (60 mg/ kg), propionate (60 mg/kg), and combined administration of the mentioned drugs for 14 days. Structural changes in the gastric mucosa and mucopolysaccharide secretion activity were assessed by histochemistry. Western blot analysis of MUC5AC expression was performed. A significant decrease in mucin production was observed in the lower stomach of rats, which was associated with a decrease in the density of cells actively producing acidic mucopolysaccharides. Metformin administration to animals with T2DM did not restore mucin production in the gastric fundus, whereas propionate administration increased acid mucopolysaccharide secretion. An increase in the neutral component of mucus and MUC5AC was found in T2DM. The combined administration of metformin and propionate helped to reduce the content of this mucin. The identified morphofunctional changes in the gastric fundus require further research and should be taken into account when using oral hypoglycaemic drugs because the loss of the mucin barrier layer may affect the state of the gastric mucosa and the absorption of drugs.","PeriodicalId":12307,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyĭ zhurnal","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139322907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BLOOD LEUKOCYTES IN RATS OF DIFFERENT AGES UNDER DESYNCHRONOSIS INITIATION AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF CRYOPRESERVED CORD BLOOD INJECTION","authors":"V.V. Lomako","doi":"10.15407/fz69.05.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz69.05.066","url":null,"abstract":"It has been suggested that the preventive administration of cryopreserved cord blood nucleated cells (CBNCs) prior to the onset of desynchronosis may help to correct its negative effects on the body. The efficacy of CBNCs on blood leukocyte indicators in young and old rats (6 and 18 months old) was investigated. Desynchronosis was modelled by shifting the light regime: the duration of the light period was increased by 12 h, resulting in a light period of 24 h. Leukocyte types were determined in blood smears. Integral leukocyte indices were used to assess the state of the immune system. Desynchronosis caused leukocytosis in young rats and leukopenia in aged rats. The number of banded neutrophils increased in both, segmented neutrophils decreased in young rats and increased in aged rats; lymphocytes changed on the contrary; eosinophils decreased in young rats but did not change in aged rats. In young rats with desynchronosis, the predominance of young cells, macrophages, activation of the humoral link of the immune system, auto- and endogenous intoxication, acceleration of hypersensitivity of the immediate type processes, and increased body adaptation were noted. In aged rats, infectious intoxication, cellular link of immune system predominance, and a decrease in allergy and adaptation were observed. After CBNCs injection before desynchronosis, leukocytosis remained, segmented neutrophils and eosinophils recovered, banded neutrophils increased and lymphocytes decreased in young rats. In old rats, the total number of leukocytes, monocytes and eosinophils recovered, but lymphopenia increased. Regardless of age, the cells of non-specific protection predominated; the cellular link of the immune system activated, adaptation decreased and autointoxication was manifested. In young rats, young forms of neutrophils increased, allergy and immunoreactivity decreased, and the affective link of the immune system and macrophage in aged rats was activated. Therefore, after the preventive use of human CBNCs before desynchronosis initiation in aged rats, the total leukocyte content and the number of eosinophils and monocytes were restored. In 6-month-old rats, the content of young forms of neutrophils increased, indicating stimulation of leukopoiesis. The allergy index decreased in both groups.","PeriodicalId":12307,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyĭ zhurnal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139322962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}