Florida Entomologist最新文献

{"title":"Defensive Warning Behavior Expressed by Three Species of Polistine Wasps","authors":"H. R. Hermann, Timothy Kelting, Peter Capobianco","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0106","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although expressions of warning intruders in colonies of polistine wasps appear to vary somewhat with species-specific defensiveness, the type of intrusion, age of the colony, age and type of the nest occupants, and degree of colony homeostasis, they often share commonly expressed forms of behavior when warning both invertebrate and vertebrate intruders in the vicinity of the nest site. Warning behavior is not associated with most of the home range but with a nest yard, an area within visual range of the nest. The distance from the nest at which stinging is demonstrated is defined as a sting threshold point, which varies among different species and at different periods in the annual cycle. Aposematic coloration and pattern, expressed to varying degrees in different species and sexes, are demonstrated passively but play an active role in defense when combined with warning displays. While males do not engage in active defense, they play a more passive defensive role, and sometimes possess stronger aposematic patterns than those of females. They also engage in a low degree of overt warning expressions. Resumen Mientras que las expresiones de advertencia en las colonias de avispas polistinas parecen variar algo con actitudes defensiva propias de cada especie, el tipo de intrusión, edad de la Colonia, edad y tipo de ocupantes del nido y el grado de homeostasis de la colonia, a menudo comparten formas comunes de comportamiento de advertencia ante intrusos que se acerquen al nido ya sean invertebrados o vertebrados. El comportamiento de advertencia no está asociado con la mayoría del área de vida (home range) sino con el “patio del nido,” la adyacencia inmediata visual al nido. La distancia del nido a la cual puede suceder la picadura se define como el umbral de la picaura, la cual varía entre diferentes especies y en diferentes períodos del ciclo anual. Coloración aposemática y patrón, expresado en diversos grados en diferentes especies y sexos, se manifiestan pasivamente, pero juegan un papel activo en la defensa cuando se combina con el comportamiento agonístico. Aunque los machos no participan en la defensa activa, ellos juegan un papel defensivo pasivo y a menudo poseen patrones aposemáticos más fuertes que los de las hembras. También participan en bajo grado en manifiestas expresiones de advertencia.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"106 1","pages":"38 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48240862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Trap Shape, Size, and Color Variations on Capture Rates of Chrysobothris (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and Related Buprestids","authors":"Cynthia Perkovich, J. Oliver, K. Addesso, J. P. Basham, N. Youssef","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0111","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Using an appropriate trap design can significantly increase trap capture rates for specific insect pests. Chrysobothris are common buprestid pests in nursery production. Using traps that are shaped to mimic preferred tree hosts captured higher numbers of Chrysobothris than other trap designs. Based on these tests, the best trap design (shape and materials) for Chrysobothris monitoring was clear glue on a purple plastic trap folded into a triangular prism shape with panel widths (i.e., 3.8 cm) and trap height (i.e., 1 m) similar to a young sapling tree trunk. Our trap design will help in Chrysobothris pest management strategies for tree nurseries by increasing capture success rates and leading to overall better monitoring of Chrysobothris populations in nursery production. Sumario El uso de un diseño de trampa apropiado puede aumentar significativamente la tasa de captura de las trampas para plagas de insectos específicos. Chrysobothris son plagas bupréstidas comunes en viveros en producción. El uso de trampas que imitan la forma de los árboles hospederos preferidos capturó un mayor número de Chrysobothris que otros diseños de trampas. Con base en estas pruebas, el mejor diseño de trampa (forma y materiales) para el monitoreo de Chrysobothris fue pegamento transparente en una trampa de plástico púrpura doblada en forma de prisma triangular con el ancho de los paneles (3,8 cm) y su altura (1 m) similares a un tronco de árbol joven. Nuestro diseño de trampa ayudará en las estrategias de manejo de plagas de Chrysobothris en los viveros de árboles al aumentar la tasa de éxito de captura y llegar a un mejor monitoreo general de las poblaciones de Chrysobothris en la producción en viveros.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"106 1","pages":"63 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44677426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of the Ficus Whitefly, Singhiella simplex (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and Its Natural Enemies in the Western Mediterranean Region of Turkey","authors":"U. Yükselbaba","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0104","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the distribution of the Ficus whitefly, Singhiella simplex (Singh) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and its natural enemies in the Western Mediterranean Region of Turkey were investigated. For this purpose, the sampling was made from trees of Ficus spp. during Aug, Sep, and Oct when the pest population was at its peak in the various districts within the Antalya province in 2018 and 2019. In addition, the rate of natural parasitism in the sampling periods also was determined. To determine the dispersal and parasitoids of S. simplex, at least 100 branches were collected from Ficus trees in each district, the Ficus trees were checked visually for the determination of the predators. The results showed that Ficus whitefly is dispersed in all the districts within the Antalya province. Encarsia protransvena Viggiani (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) has been identified as the parasitoid of the Ficus whitefly in Antalya and its districts, wereas the highest natural parasitism rate was found to be 32.88% and 21.66% in Oct 2018 and 2019, respectively, across the sampling mo. Chrysoperla mutata (McLachlan) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Semidalis aleyrodiformis (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae), Conwentzia psociformis (Curtis) (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae), Conwentzia sp. (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae), Oenopia conglobata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), and Serangium parcesetosum Sicard (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species were determined as the predators. The results obtained in the study may contribute to the control of S. simplex by using its natural enemies. Resumen En este estudio, se investigó la distribución de la mosca blanca del ficus, Singhiella simplex (Singh) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), y sus enemigos naturales en la región mediterránea occidental de Turquía. Para tal efecto, el muestreo se realizó a partir de árboles de Ficus spp. durante agosto, septiembre y octubre, cuando la población de plagas alcanzó su punto máximo en los diversos distritos de la provincia de Antalya en el 2018 y 2019. Además, también se determinó la tasa de parasitismo natural en los períodos de muestreo. Para determinar la dispersión y parasitoides de S. simplex se recolectaron al menos 100 ramas de árboles de Ficus en cada distrito, los árboles de Ficus fueron revisados visualmente para la determinación de los depredadores. Los resultados mostraron que la mosca blanca del ficus está dispersa en todos los distritos dentro de la provincia de Antalya. Encarsia protransvena Viggiani (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) ha sido identificada como el parasitoide de la mosca blanca del ficus en Antalya y sus distritos, donde se encontró que la tasa de parasitismo natural más alta del 32,88% y el 21,66% en octubre de 2018 y 2019, respectivamente. Se determinó Chrysoperla mutata (McLachlan) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Semidalis aleyrodiformis (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae), Conwentzia psociformis (Curtis) (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae), Conwentzia sp., Oenopia conglobat","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"106 1","pages":"22 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44548971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol Bites Biocontrol: Potential Interference of the Brazilian Peppertree Biological Control Thrips Pseudophilothrips ichini (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) by Montandoniola confusa (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)","authors":"D. Halbritter, M. Rayamajhi, G. Wheeler","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0108","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Large-scale field releases of biological control agents to help manage the highly invasive Brazilian peppertree began in Jul 2019, with the first releases of the thrips Pseudophilothrips ichini (Hood) (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) in southern Florida. Release sites were routinely monitored for agent establishment and impacts on the target weed. Within 5 mo, we noted a pirate bug, Montandoniola confusa Streito & Matocq (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), feeding on an adult P. ichini thrips in an outdoor garden plot. Interestingly, this pirate bug is itself a biological control agent introduced to control a confamilial thrips pest of ornamental Ficus (Moraceae) trees. Instances of pirate bug predation on P. ichini, both inside our rearing facility and at field sites, have continued and are detailed herein. The average number of thrips produced in our rearing facility was reduced in cages that had pirate bug invasions compared to cages free of pirate bugs. Considerations for the continued biological control efforts of Brazilian peppertree are discussed. Resumen Las liberaciones de campo a gran escala de agentes de control biológico para ayudar a controlar el agresivo invasor pimentero brasileño comenzaron en julio del 2019, con las primeras liberaciones de los trips Pseudophilothrips ichini (Hood) (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) en el sur de la Florida. Se monitorearon de manera rutinaria los sitios de liberación para determinar el establecimiento del agente y los impactos sobre la maleza objetivo. Dentro de los 5 meses, notamos una chinche pirata, Montandoniola confusa Streito & Matocq (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), alimentándose de un adulto de P. ichini en una parcela de jardín al aire libre. Curiosamente, este insecto pirata es en sí mismo un agente de control biológico introducido para controlar una plaga de la misma familia de trips en árboles ornamentales de Ficus (Moraceae). Los casos de depredación de chinches piratas en P. ichini, tanto dentro de nuestras instalaciones de crianza como en los sitios de campo, han continuado y se detallan en este documento. El número promedio de trips producidos en nuestra instalación de crianza se redujo en las jaulas que tenían invasiones de chinches piratas en comparación con las jaulas libres de chinches piratas. Se discuten las consideraciones para continuar los esfuerzos de control biológico del pimentero brasileño.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"106 1","pages":"51 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47550883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Bemisia tabaci Infestation, Virus Infection, and Yield in Conventional and Transgenic Bean Golden Mosaic Virus-Resistant Common Bean Elite Lines","authors":"E. D. Quintela, Thiago Livio Pessoa Oliveira de Souza, Josias Correa Faria, Francisco José Lima Aragão, Jose Francisco Arruda e Silva, M. J. Del Peloso, S. Arthurs","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0105","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In Brazil, the Cowpea mild mottle virus vectored by Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is an emerging threat for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Fabaceae), including genetically modified elite bean lines developed for resistance to the Bean golden mosaic virus. To investigate this interaction, we quantified the susceptibility of 10 Bean golden mosaic virus-resistant lines to Cowpea mild mottle virus infection in 2 regions in Brazil with natural incidence of viruliferous B. tabaci. In 2 field trials, B. tabaci established on all varieties, but showed preference for the conventional cultivars ‘Pérola’ and ‘BRS Pontal’ when compared with elite lines (averaging > 400 nymphs per leaflet, and > 97% infection rate in 1 study). However, whereas elite lines were resistant to Bean golden mosaic virus, all became infected with Cowpea mild mottle virus. Highest infection rates (19 to 99% infected plants) occurred in genetically modified elite lines derived from BRS Pontal versus Pérola (12 to 16%). When comparing seed yield, most elite lines outperformed their conventional recurrent parent. On average, elite lines achieved relative yield increases between 199 and 1,045%, and the varieties CNFCT 16205 and CNFCT 16210 were the most productive in our field trials. Our results showed that the use of common bean cultivars resistant to golden mosaic is an important tool within integrated management strategies for whiteflies and viruses. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the threat of Cowpea mild mottle virus and the nature of whitefly interactions between these different viruses. Resumo No Brasil, o Cowpea mild mottle virus transmitido pela Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), é uma ameaça emergente ao feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Fabaceae), incluindo as linhas elites de feijão geneticamente modificadas desenvolvidas para resistência ao Bean golden mosaic virus. Para investigar essa interação, quantificamos a suscetibilidade de dez linhas geneticamente modificadas resistentes ao Bean golden mosaic virus à infecção pelo Cowpea mild mottle virus em duas regiões do Brasil com incidência natural de B. tabaci virulíferas. Em dois ensaios de campo, B. tabaci estabeleceu em todas as variedades, mas mostrou preferência pelas cultivares convencionais ‘Pérola’ e ‘BRS Pontal’ quando comparadas com as linhas elite geneticamente modificadas (média > 400 ninfas por folíolo e > 97% taxa de infecção por virus em um dos estudos). No entanto, embora as linhas elite foram resistentes ao Bean golden mosaic virus, todas foram infectadas pelo Cowpea mild mottle virus. As maiores taxas de infecção (19 a 99% de plantas infectadas) ocorreram nas linhas elite geneticamente modificadas derivadas da BRS Pontal versus Pérola (12 a 16%). Ao comparar a produtividade, a maioria das linhas elite superou seu pai convencional recorrente. Os aumentos relativos de rendimento foi de 199 a 1.045% sendo as variedades CNFCT 16205 e CNFCT 16210","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"106 1","pages":"29 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43687429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"March 2023 Florida Entomological Society Corporate and Sustaining Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"106 1","pages":"67 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46456900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spread and Distribution of the Naturalized Orchid Bee Euglossa dilemma in Florida","authors":"R. Pemberton, E. Escalona","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0110","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The current distribution of Euglossa dilemma in Florida and spread from Broward County in 2003 to 23 counties in south and central Florida by 2022, is mapped using 142 specimen collection and identification records from the Florida State Collection of Arthropods, and 514 iNaturalist observations. This nonnative tropical orchid bee now appears to be a breeding resident in central Florida despite periodic, annual nighttime freezes. Sumario La distribución actual de Euglossa dilemma en Florida, y su propagación desde el condado de Broward en 2003 a 23 condados en el sur y centro de Florida para 2022, se mapea usando 142 registros de recolección y identificación de especímenes de la Colección de Artrópodos del Estado de Florida, y 514 observaciones en iNaturalist. Esta abeja orquídea tropical no nativa es ahora un residente reproductor en el centro de Florida a pesar de las heladas nocturnas anuales periódicas.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"106 1","pages":"59 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48929129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Megaselia Scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae) Have Potential as a Biological Control Agent of Fall Armyworm?","authors":"Adriana Acevedo-Alcalá, J. R. Lomeli-Flores, E. Rodríguez‐Leyva, S. E. Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Eréndira Ortiz-Andrade","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0109","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae) has been recovered from Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and it has been identified as a possible biological control agent. However, in laboratory tests M. scalaris preferred to develop as saprophagous on a meridic diet (84.3%), and secondly as necrophagous of dead larvae (12.7%). Its development as an endoparasitoid occurred in 2.2 and 0.7% in third and fifth instar larvae, respectively. This suggests that it has no potential as a biological control agent for S. frugiperda. Sumario Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae) se ha recuperado de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), y se señaló como un posible agente de control biológico. Sin embargo, en pruebas de laboratorio M. scalaris prefirió desarrollarse como saprófago de una dieta merídica (84.3%), y en segundo lugar como necrófago en larvas muertas (12.7%). Su desarrollo como endoparasitoide sucedió en 2.2 y 0.7% en larvas de tercer y quinto ínstar, respectivamente. Esto sugiere que no tiene potencial como agente de control biológico de S. frugiperda.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"106 1","pages":"56 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47278570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Communities Associated with Megalopyge opercularis (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Megalopygidae): Exploring Poisonous Lepidopterans","authors":"M. A. Gómez-Govea, María de Lourdes Ramírez-Ahuja, Luz M. Castellanos-López, Irene Ruvalcaba-Ortega, L. M. Reyes-Cortés, Gerardo de Jesús Trujillo-Rodríguez, O. K. Villanueva-Segura, M. Martinez-Fierro, I. Delgado-Enciso, G. Ponce-Garcia, R. G. Rodríguez-Garza, A. Flores-Suarez, I. Rodríguez-Sánchez","doi":"10.1653/024.105.0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.105.0406","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Megalopyge opercularis (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Megalopyridae) is a nocturnal moth of medical importance because it causes adverse immunological reactions in humans. In this study, we determined the microbiota composition of M. opercularis at the larval (caterpillars) and adult (moths) stages by next-generation sequencing. DNA was extracted from the caterpillars and moths, and the 16S rRNA prokaryote gene was then amplified and sequenced with next-generation sequencing to assess bacterial richness. Comparison of the microbiota of the caterpillars and adults revealed variation in species composition and diversity. The microbiota of the caterpillars of M. opercularis was composed of 259 species, dominated by the families Geodermatophilaceae (12%), Propionibacteriaceae (10.41%), Clostridiaceae (9.63%), and Nitriliruptoraceae (7.72%). In the adult moths, we found 138 species, and the most abundant families were Nostocaceae (24%) and Methylobacteriaceae (21%). Species richness in M. opercularis was higher in the caterpillars compared to adults. We determined that only some groups of bacteria could persist from 1 stage to another. The results obtained are essential to know about the ecology of M. opercularis and contribute to our understanding of the impact that microorganisms have on the physiological mechanisms of poisonous lepidopterans. Resumen Megalopyge opercularis (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Megalopyridae) es una especie de polilla nocturna perteneciente a la familia Megalopyridae de importancia médica debido a las reacciones inmunológicas causadas en humanos por sustancias urticantes ubicadas en sus estructuras espinosas. En este estudio, determinamos el microbioma de M. opercularis en su estado larval y en su estado adulto. Se extrajo el ADN de larvas y adultos y se amplificó el gen rRNA 16S mediante tecnologías de secuenciación de nueva generación. Las comparaciones del microbioma larval contra el microbioma adulto revelaron variación tanto en la composición como en la diversidad de especie. El microbioma larval de M. opercularis está compuesto de 259 especies, dominado por las familias Geodermatophilaceae (12%), Propionibacteriaceae (10.41%), Clostridiaceae (9.63%), y Nitriliruptoraceae (7.72%). En el microbioma adulto encontramos 138 espcies, las familias más abundantes fueron Nostocaceae (24%) y Methylobacteriaceae (21%). La riqueza de especies encontradas en M. opercularis fue mayor en las orugas en comparación con los adultos. Determinamos que solo algunos grupos de bacterias podían persistir de una etapa a otra. Los resultados obtenidos son importantes para conocer la ecología de esta polilla y contribuyen a comprender el impacto que tienen los microorganismos en los mecanismos fisiológicos de los lepidópteros venenosos.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"105 1","pages":"298 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48006725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Captures of Stenoma catenifer (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae) are Influenced by Pheromone Trap Density in Hass Avocado Orchards","authors":"G. C. Velázquez-Martínez, H. González-Hernández, A. Equihua-Martínez, J. R. Lomeli, J. Rojas, J. López-Collado","doi":"10.1653/024.105.0401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.105.0401","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Stenoma catenifer Walsingham is a quarantine pest of avocado. Therefore, its detection in avocado-growing regions of Mexico that had been designated pest-free can halt national and international trade. One option for monitoring S. catenifer is the use of synthetic sex pheromone traps. In this study we determined the optimal density of pheromone-baited traps for monitoring S. catenifer. The experiment was conducted in 4 commercial Hass avocado orchards in Colima, Mexico, each with different pest infestation levels. Trap densities were established at 0.5, 1, 2, or 3 traps per ha. The traps were checked every 15 d and the number of moths recorded. The density of 3 traps per ha captured the most moths per trap followed by 1 trap per ha; similar small numbers of moths were captured at densities of 0.5 and 2 traps per ha. In general, there was a linear relationship between trap catch and trap density per ha. The overall default error rate, i.e., the proportion of traps did not detect moths when they were present, was 5.5% at a density of 3 traps per ha and 2.7% at trap densities of 0.5 and 2 traps per ha. Furthermore, at a density of 1 trap per ha all traps captured moths and so there was no default error. Since S. catenifer is a quarantine pest that must be detected promptly to reduce the risk of dispersal and establishment in moth-free areas, it is suggested that a density of 1 trap per ha should be used in avocado orchards to effectively monitor for the presence of this pest. However, this estimate was obtained through the bootstrapping technique, which involves the creation of pseudoreplicate datasets by resampling. Randomized field experiments with true replicates are needed to corroborate this result. Resumen La presencia de Stenoma catenifer Walsingham, una plaga cuarentenaria, puede cancelar la comercialización nacional e internacional de aguacate Hass de zonas libres de plagas reglamentadas del aguacatero. Una opción para su oportuna detección es el uso de trampas con feromona sexual sintética. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la densidad de estas de trampas para el monitoreo de S. catenifer. El experimento se estableció en cuatro huertos comerciales de aguacate Hass, con diferentes niveles de infestación de la plaga, en Colima, México. En los huertos, se establecieron las densidades siguientes: 0.5, 1, 2, y 3 trampas por ha. Las trampas se revisaron cada 15 días para registrar el número de palomillas capturadas. La densidad de 3 trampas por ha capturó el mayor número de palomillas, seguida de la densidad de 1 trampa por ha, mientras que las capturas con 0.5 y 2 trampas por ha fueron las menores, pero muy similares entre sí. En general, las densidades de 0.5, 1, y 2 trampas por ha en relación con la densidad de 3 trampas por ha estuvieron linealmente relacionadas en la mayoría de los casos. La tasa de error global por omisión, i.e., no detectar la palomilla cuando está presente, con referencia a la densidad de 3 trampas por ha f","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"105 1","pages":"267 - 274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42133335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}