Florida Entomologist最新文献

{"title":"Preliminary Study of Pear Ester Toxicity When Consumed by Polistes dominula (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)","authors":"Megan Asche, P. Landolt, Rodney Cooper, Walter S. Sheppard, R. Zack","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0401","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The European paper wasp, Polistes dominula (Christ) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), directly competes with native Polistes and is a safety concern for workers and homeowners. A previous investigation of Polistes behavior found that a portion of wasps died after consuming a solution of pear ester, a compound commonly found in fruits that is considered non-toxic to humans. The goal of our study was to corroborate those preliminary observations and investigate the toxicity of pear ester to P. dominula. Two experiments were performed. First, 3 wasp castes were fed 17% sugar water, or sugar water mixed with 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0%, or 10.0% (w/v) solutions of pear ester. Mortality after 24 h ranged from 0% among wasps fed sugar water only, to >10% among wasps that were fed pear ester. Mortality increased logarithmically with pear ester concentration. Pear ester toxicity differed among wasp castes, with <5% mortality recorded among fall gynes to >10% mortality among workers. The second experiment attempted to define the relationship between morbidity and volume of pear ester consumed by P. dominula workers. Although results confirmed that ingestion of pear ester causes death or paralysis of P. dominula workers, there was no clear relationship between volume of ingested pear ester and wasp morbidity. About 80% of P. dominula were unaffected by pear ester despite consuming large quantities of the solution. This is the first study to demonstrate lethal effects of pear ester compound and may indicate its potential as an insecticide for paper wasps. Resumen La avispa cartonera europea, Polistes dominula (Christ) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), compite directamente con las Polistes nativas y, además, es una preocupación de seguridad para trabajadores y familias en sus casas. Una investigación previa sobre el comportamiento de Polistes, encontró que algunas de las avispas morían después de consumir una solución de éster de pera, un compuesto comúnmente encontrado en frutas y que no es considerado tóxica para humanos. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue corroborar esas observaciones preliminares e investigar la toxicidad del éster de pera para P. dominula. Se realizaron 2 experimentos. Primero, 3 castas de avispas fueron alimentadas con soluciones de 17% agua azucarada, o agua mezclada con 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0% y 10.0% (p/v) con éster de pera. La mortalidad después de 24 horas varió desde 0% entre avispas alimentadas solamente con agua azucarada, a >10% entre avispas a las cuáles se les dio éster de pera. La mortalidad aumentó logarítmicamente con la concentración de éster de pera. La toxicidad del éster de pera varió entre las castas de avispas, con una mortalidad registrada <5% entre hembras reproductivas de otoño a >10% entre obreras. El segundo experimento intentó definir la relación entre morbilidad y volumen de éster de pera consumido por obreras de P. dominula. Aunque los resultados confirmaron que la ingesta de éster de pera causa la muerte o parálisis de obreras de P. ","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"5 7","pages":"205 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"December 2023 Florida Entomological Society Corporate and Sustaining Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"17 25","pages":"270 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138591571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of the Exotic Species Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Pest of Fabaceae, in Puerto Rico","authors":"Irma Cabrera-Asencio, Consuelo Estevez de Jensen","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0410","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) has been recently found throughout the bean growing regions of Puerto Rico. Megalurothrips usitatus was observed affecting the Andean bean lines (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Glycine max (L.), and Phaseolus acutifolius L. This is the first time M. usitatus has been reported from Puerto Rico. Given the high risk that this pest represents to legumes in Puerto Rico, it is necessary to evaluate which bean growing area and which local crops could be most affected. Sumario Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) se ha encontrado recientemente en todas las regiones productoras de frijol de Puerto Rico. Se observó que Megalurothrips usitatus afecta a las líneas de frijol andino (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a Glycine max (L.) y también a Phaseolus acutifolius L. Esta es la primera vez que se reporta M. usitatus en Puerto Rico. Dado el alto riesgo que representa esta plaga para las leguminosas en Puerto Rico, es necesario evaluar qué zona de cultivo de habichuela y qué otros cultivos locales podrían verse más afectados.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"4 4","pages":"267 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Pollination of Vanilla planifolia in Florida and Their Potential in Commercial Production","authors":"Robert W. Pemberton, Gergory S. Wheeler, Paul T. Madeira","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0404","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Male orchid bees are known pollinators of some vanilla species (Orchidaceae), but there is little direct evidence for the pollination of v. planifolia L., the most important source of commercial vanilla. This study was undertaken to determine if the naturalized orchid bee, Euglossa dilemma Bembé & Eltz (Hymenoptera: Apidae), is a pollinator of V. planifolia in Florida, where the orchid is currently being considered as a potential crop. The flowers of V. planifolia were determined to have no nectar. Fragrance from in situ flowers was analyzed and found to contain principally 1-8 cineole and β-ocimene, compounds known to attract some male orchid bees. Timed watches documented pollen removal by a single female orchid bee, but no male orchid bees visited the flowers. Separate applications of 1-8 cineole, that we found in the flowers, and eugenol, which does not occur in the flowers, were made to flowers and baits, but the male orchid bees came only to flowers and baits with eugenol. Eugenol is a known attractant and principal component of many of the perfumes of the orchid mutualists of male E. dilemma. The rapid and intensive visitation and pollination that male E. dilemma bees exhibit towards their mutualist orchids did not occur, indicating V. planifolia is not an orchid mutualist of E. dilemma. During a timed watch, a female worker honey bee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), pollinated a flower by entering it, backing out with pollen on its thorax, then re-entering the flower and exiting without the pollen. Dissection of the flower found pollen on the stigma and the anther cap disarticulated. A female E. dilemma removed pollen from a flower, indicating that she was also a probable pollinator. Morphometric measurements determined there was a good match between the interior dimensions of the tubular lip of the flowers and the thickness of the bodies of both the female orchid bee and honey bee, enabling good contact between the bees and the flowers sexual organs. Season-long fruit set was 0.655%, similar to the 1% or less reported for V. planifolia in its native Mexico range. Although the visitation rates were low, the potential of both the female honey bee and E. dilemma as pollinators of V. planifolia cultivated in screen houses is considered. Managed honey bees for pollination of vanilla appears to have more potential and it could reduce the need for expensive hand pollination, if sufficient pollination rates could be achieved. Resumen Las abejas macho de las orquídeas son polinizadores conocidos de algunas especies de vanilla (Orchidaceae), pero hay poca evidencia directa de la polinización de V. planifolia L., la fuente más importante de vainilla comercial. Se realizó este estudio para determinar si la abeja de las orquídeas naturalizada, Euglossa dilemma Bembé & Eltz (Hymenoptera: Apidae), es un polinizador de V. planifolia en la Florida, donde actualmente se considera a la orquídea como un cultivo potencial. Se determinó que ","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"55 48","pages":"230 - 237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Modeling of Red Spider Mite Oligonychus punicae (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Avocado Crop","authors":"F. Lara-Vázquez, J. F. Ramírez-Dávila, D. K. Figueroa-Figueroa, Atenas Tapia-Rodríguez, Andrés González-Huerta","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0402","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent years, there has been a rising concern in society to produce quality food in a sustainable manner. New alternatives in pest control have been researched to help mitigate the environmental impact. In traditional agriculture, pesticides are applied uniformly, without considering spatial and temporary variables, but application rates could be adjusted according to the incidence with the assistance of distribution maps; thus, contributing to improve environmental balance and production costs. Avocado (Persea americana Mill.; Lauraceae) generates huge economic benefits in the localities where it is grown. Red spider mite (Oligonychus punicae Hirst.; Acari: Tetranychidae) is among the main pests that attack this crop. It causes damage to the epidermis of the leaves in such a way that the injured areas discolor and the edges of the leaves are deformed as a result of the removal of the cellular content from the tissues. Therefore, the objective of the present work was the determination of the spatial pattern of this pest, by means of geostatistics and spatial analysis by distance indices (SADIE). The adjusted semivariograms as well as the indices show that the red spider mite is distributed in aggregations. The generated maps showing the infested surface will permit pest management programs to direct control measures to the areas with the highest incidence, resulting in a lower level of economic damage. Resumen En los últimos años ha aumentado la preocupación de la sociedad por producir alimentos de calidad de forma sostenible. Se han investigado nuevas alternativas en el control de plagas para ayudar a mitigar el impacto ambiental. En la agricultura tradicional, los plaguicidas se aplican de manera uniforme, sin tener en cuenta variables espaciales y temporales, pero las dosis de aplicación podrían ajustarse en función de la incidencia con la ayuda de mapas de distribución; contribuyendo así a mejorar el equilibrio medioambiental y los costes de producción. El aguacate (Persea americana Mill.; Lauraceae) genera enormes beneficios económicos en las localidades donde se cultiva. La araña roja (Oligonychus punicae Hirst.; Acari: Tetranychidae) es una de las principales plagas que atacan a este cultivo. Provoca daños en la epidermis de las hojas de tal forma que las zonas lesionadas se decoloran y los bordes de las hojas se deforman como consecuencia de la eliminación del contenido celular de los tejidos. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue la determinación del patrón espacial de esta plaga, mediante geoestadística y análisis espacial por índices de distancia (SADIE). Los semivariogramas ajustados así como lo índice muestran que la araña roja se distribuye en agregaciones. Los mapas generados mostrando la superficie infestada permitirán a los programas de control de plagas dirigir las medidas de control a las zonas con mayor incidencia, lo que redundará en un menor nivel de daños económicos.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"13 2","pages":"211 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Visual Organs in the Locomotor Behavior of Bactrocera minax (Diptera: Tephritidae)","authors":"Peng Liang, Zhangzhang He, Xuan Yang, Lianyou Gui","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0408","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chinese citrus fly, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein; Diptera: Tephritidae), which attacks citrus fruits in China is one of the most important international quarantine pests. Understanding the function of visual organs is the basis of trapping and prevention for management of pests such as B. minax. In this study, take-off ability and crawling experiments were conducted using 5 groups of B. minax all with different visual blinding treatments (blind ocelli, blind left compound eye, blind right compound eye, blind compound eyes, blind ocelli and compound eyes) and a corresponding control that was not blinded. We found that both the left and right compound eyes played a critical role in the vertical and horizontal crawling behavior of B. minax, while the ocelli did not. However, the perception of ambient light by ocelli or either compound eye had a significant influence on take-off of B. minax. Elucidating the monocular and compound eye functions of B. minax will help us to develop better visual traps for this important pest of citrus. Resumen La mosca china de los cítricos, Bactrocera minax (Enderlein; Diptera: Tephritidae), que ataca las frutas de cítricos en China es una de las plagas cuarentenarias internacionales más importantes. El comprender la función de los órganos visuales es la base del trampeo y la prevención para el manejo de plagas como B. minax. En este estudio, se realizaron pruebas de capacidad de despegue y experimentos de rastreo utilizando 5 grupos de B. minax, todos con diferentes tratamientos de cegamiento visual (ocelli ciego, ojo compuesto izquierdo ciego, ojo compuesto derecho ciego, ojos compuestos ciegos, ocelli ciego y ojos compuestos) y un control correspondiente que no fue cegado. Descubrimos que tanto el ojo compuesto izquierdo como el derecho desempeñaron un papel fundamental en el comportamiento de rastreo vertical y horizontal de B. minax, mientras que el ocelli no lo hizo. Sin embargo, la percepción de la luz ambiental por parte del ocelli o del ojo compuesto tuvo una influencia significativa en el despegue de B. minax. El esclarecer las funciones oculares monoculares y compuestas de B. minax nos ayudará a desarrollar mejores trampas visuales para esta importante plaga de los cítricos.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"10 2","pages":"257 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138591863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field Evaluation of Attract-And-Kill Devices for Control of Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae) in Urban Landscapes","authors":"J. Patt, Justin George, Larry Markle, Aleena M. Tarshis Moreno, M. Sétamou, Monique Rivera, L L Stelinski","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0407","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera: Liviidae), vector of huanglongbing, is uncontrolled in urban and unmanaged citrus refugia, from where psyllids can infest commercial groves. Attract-and-kill devices (AKDs) may be a practical tool for controlling D. citri in these areas. We tested 2 AKDs, the yellow perforated cylinder AKD and the black screen AKD in which the killing agents (yellow sticky card traps) were placed inside the devices to prevent contact by non-target organisms. Experiments were conducted in laboratory cage bioassays and in an orange jasmine (Murraya paniculata; Rutaceae) hedge. Two scent attractant mixtures (myrcene, gamma-terpinene, and acetic acid; acetic and formic acid) were sprayed onto the yellow sticky card traps as a means of increasing the attractiveness of the AKDs. Despite promising results in laboratory assays, neither scent increased psyllid capture in the AKDs under field conditions. Enlarging the diameter of the entry holes (from 6 to 20 mm) in the yellow perforated cylinder AKD increased psyllid capture but also permitted entry by small reptiles. Unscented black screen AKDs caught over twice as many psyllids as unscented yellow perforated cylinder AKDs, but still caught juvenile reptiles. These AKDs were highly effective in tracking psyllid populations in the hedge. Once adjustments to reduce non-target captures are made, these AKDs should be more acceptable to homeowners and consumers than current insecticidal controls. This acceptance, in turn, could make them a valuable and sustainable tool for area wide management strategies aimed at reducing the spread of huanglongbing. Resumen El psílido asiático de los cítricos, Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera: Liviidae), un vector del huanglongbing, no está controlado en refugios de cítricos urbanos y en huertos no gestionados, desde donde los psílidos pueden infestar plantaciones comerciales. Los dispositivos para atraer y matar (AKD) pueden ser una herramienta práctica para controlar D. citri en estas áreas. Probamos 2 AKD, un AKD con cilindro perforado amarillo y un AKD con pantalla negra en el que los agentes letales (trampas de tarjetas adhesivas amarillas) se colocaron dentro de los dispositivos para evitar el contacto con organismos que no son objetivo. Se realizaron los experimentos en bioensayos de laboratorio en jaulas y en un cerco de jazmín naranja (Murraya paniculata; Rutaceae). Se rociaron dos mezclas de atrayentes aromáticos (mirceno, gamma-terpineno y ácido acético; ácido acético y fórmico) sobre las trampas de tarjetas adhesivas amarillas como una forma de aumentar el atractivo de los AKD. A pesar de los resultados prometedores en los ensayos de laboratorio, ninguno de los olores aumentó la captura de psílidos en los AKD en condiciones de campo. Al ampliar el diámetro de los orificios de entrada (de 6 a 20 mm) en el cilindro perforado amarillo AKD aumentó la captura de psílidos pero también permitió la entrada d","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"37 26","pages":"248 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138594086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Invasive Pest in the Western Hemisphere: Amrasca biguttula (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)","authors":"Irma Cabrera-Asencio, Christopher H. Dietrich, J. Zahniser","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0409","url":null,"abstract":"Summary A new invasive pest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), has recently been detected in southern Puerto Rico. This is the first time that this species has been officially reported in the Western Hemisphere. The species was observed affecting cotton, both cultivated and wild, and eggplant. More research is needed to understand the potential impacts of this species on the island. Sumario Recientemente se ha encontrado una nueva plaga invasiva en el sur de Puerto Rico. Este es el primer registro de la especie en el hemisferio occidental. Se observó el mismo afectando líneas de algodón, berenjenas y algodón silvestre. Se necesita más investigación para comprender los impactos potenciales de A. bigutulla en la isla.","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"108 3","pages":"263 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Carabid Densities in Different Cover Crop Species in North Florida","authors":"R. Meagher, James T. Brown, Neil Miller, Shelby J. Fleischer, Kristen Bowers, S. Hight, J. Legaspi, Robert C. Brown, R. Nagoshi, David L. Wright","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0403","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Many ground beetle species (Coleoptera: Carabidae) prey on noctuid larvae and pupae. Therefore, agricultural practices that maintain or even enhance carabid populations have the potential to reduce noctuid pest populations through predation. One such pest is the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a migratory pest of row, turf, and vegetable crops. Before migrating in spring from southern Florida and southern Texas, it feeds and develops on cover crops such as field corn and sorghum-sudangrass and expands its populations. Here we sampled the species and density of carabid populations that were active in cover crops with differing capacity to support fall armyworm development. Three cover crop species, sorghum-sudangrass, cowpea, and sunn hemp, were previously studied for their effects on fall armyworm populations, with sunn hemp showing high incompatibility with fall armyworm development. The cover crops were grown in 3 locations in north and north-central Florida and pitfall traps were used to compare numbers of carabid beetles caught in different cover crop treatments. Almost 2,000 predatory and omnivorous carabid beetles were collected. Three species in particular, Calosoma sayi Dejean, Tetracha carolina (L.), and Cicindela punctulata Olivier, are known predators of S. frugiperda in the laboratory and may aid in the reduction of populations in the field. There were no differences in beetle numbers among cover crop plants. In another trial, more beetles were collected in plots of a popular sunn hemp cultivar developed in the southeastern U.S., ‘AU Golden’, than in plots of another germplasm line, Tillage Sunn™. Further research should determine if the predatory species found in this study prey on S. frugiperda in the field and if this added mortality helps reduce crop damage. Resumen Muchas de las especies de escarabajos terrestres (Coleoptera: Carabidae) se alimentan de larvas y pupas de noctuidos. Por lo tanto, las prácticas agrícolas que mantienen o incluso mejoran las poblaciones de carábidos tienen el potencial de reducir las poblaciones de plagas noctuidas a través de la depredación. Una de esas plagas es el gusano cogollero, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), una plaga migratoria de cultivos en hileras, césped y hortalizas. Antes de migrar en primavera desde el sur de la Florida y el sur de Texas, se alimenta y se desarrolla con cultivos de cobertura como maíz y sorgo-pasto sudán con los cuales expande sus poblaciones. Aquí tomamos muestras de las especies y la densidad de las poblaciones de carábidos que estaban activos en cultivos de cobertura con diferentes capacidades para apoyar el desarrollo del gusano cogollero. Tres especies de cultivos de cobertura, sorgo-pasto sudán, caupí y cáñamo sunn, se estudiaron previamente por sus efectos sobre las poblaciones de gusano cogollero, y el cáñamo sunn mostró una alta incompatibilidad con el desarrollo del gusano cog","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"58 25","pages":"220 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality of Western Cherry Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Immature Stages in Cherries Submerged in Hypoxic Water","authors":"W. Yee, Cory J. Penca","doi":"10.1653/024.106.0405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1653/024.106.0405","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Determining the tolerance of immature tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) to water submersion could have practical application in orchard sanitation for fly management. Herein, we determined the mortality of immature western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, submerged in water by submersing infested cherries for 4, 8, and 12 d. In 2020, 2021, and 2022, infested ripe cherries (mostly sweet cherry Prunus avium L.; Rosaceae) were collected from unmanaged trees outside of orchards in central Washington, U.S.A., submerged in water, and then removed from water to monitor for larval emergence as a measure of immature fly stage survival. Pre-treatment sub-samples estimated that eggs comprised 43.1–62.3% of immature stages in sweet cherries and second or third instars comprised 17.6–26.2%. Water in tests was hypoxic, containing <1–2 ppm dissolved oxygen over the majority of the 4- to 12-d tests. The 4-d submersion treatment did not prevent emergence of larvae from a tart cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) sample, whereas larval emergence was prevented in sweet and tart cherry samples in 8- and 12-d treatments. In the 8-d treatment, an estimated 48,689 immature fly stages did not survive treatment, for an estimated 99.99385% mortality at the 95% confidence level and a probit of 8.8400. These results demonstrate, as a proof of concept, that water submersion could be used as a method for disinfesting fruit in systems where orchard sanitation is a major method for fly management. Resumen La determinación de la tolerancia de los inmaduros de las moscas tefrítidas de la fruta (Diptera: Tephritidae) a la inmersión en agua podría tener una aplicación práctica en el saneamiento de huertos para el control de moscas. Determinamos la mortalidad de los estados inmaduros de la mosca occidental de la cereza, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, sumergida en agua al sumergir cerezas infestadas durante 4, 8 y 12 días. En 2020, 2021 y 2022, se recolectaron cerezas maduras infestadas (principalmente cerezas dulces Prunus avium L.; Rosaceae) de árboles no manejados fuera de huertos en el centro de Washington, EE. UU., se las sumergieron en agua y luego se retiraron del agua para monitorear la aparición de larvas. como medida de sobrevivencia del estadio inmaduro. Las submuestras previas al tratamiento estimaron que los huevos comprendían entre el 43,1% y el 62,3% de los estados inmaduros en las cerezas dulces, mientras que el segundo o tercer estadio comprendía entre el 17,6% y el 26,2%. El agua en las pruebas era hipóxica y contenía <1 a 2 ppm de oxígeno disuelto durante la mayoría de las pruebas de 4 a 12 días. El tratamiento de inmersión de 4 días no impidió la aparición de larvas en una muestra de cereza ácida (Prunus cerasus L.), mientras que la aparición de larvas se evitó en muestras de cerezas dulces y ácidas en los tratamientos de 8 y 12 días. En el tratamiento de 8 días, se estima que 48.689 estadios inmaduros de moscas no sobrevivieron al tratam","PeriodicalId":12297,"journal":{"name":"Florida Entomologist","volume":"28 22","pages":"238 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138594457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}