PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic)最新文献_第2页

North-South Imbalances in the International Trade Regime: Why the WTO Does Not Benefit Developing Countries as Much as it Could 国际贸易体制中的南北失衡:为什么世贸组织不能最大限度地造福发展中国家

PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-08-30 DOI: 10.7916/D8BK1CS7

Thomas Bernhardt

{"title":"North-South Imbalances in the International Trade Regime: Why the WTO Does Not Benefit Developing Countries as Much as it Could","authors":"Thomas Bernhardt","doi":"10.7916/D8BK1CS7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7916/D8BK1CS7","url":null,"abstract":"Participation in international trade potentially brings huge benefits to developing countries. However, the design and setup of the international trade regime, most importantly the rules and regulations stipulated in the agreements of the World Trade Organization (WTO), often make it difficult for developing countries to fully tap this potential. As will be argued in this paper using descriptive statistics, some of these agreements lead to imbalanced consequences for developing vs. developed countries. First, one of the key objectives of WTO agreements, namely to enhance member states‟ access to other members‟ markets, has so far been realized in a rather imbalanced fashion, to the detriment of developing countries. Second, various WTO stipulations contribute to reducing the “policy space” of developing countries, thereby hampering their ability to pursue national policies aimed at fostering economic development. A lot of this can be related to asymmetries in the governance structure of the WTO which help explain why international trade negotiations have preserved such imbalanced outcomes. Against this backdrop, this paper advocates for a pro-development international trade regime that facilitates a more sustainable integration of developing countries into the world economy and that supports their efforts to fully reap the benefits that participating in the international division of labor offers to them. Author’s Note Thomas Bernhardt is a second-year Ph.D. student in economics at the New School for Social Research, and a visiting student at Columbia University‟s School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA). His areas of specialization are development economics and international economics.","PeriodicalId":122971,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116613685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Political Business Cycles, Partisan Politics and the Effects of Political Events on the Stock Market: Evidence from a Developing Economy 政治经济周期、党派政治和政治事件对股市的影响:来自发展中经济体的证据

PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-08-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1941704

Bülent Köksal, Ahmet Caliskan

{"title":"Political Business Cycles, Partisan Politics and the Effects of Political Events on the Stock Market: Evidence from a Developing Economy","authors":"Bülent Köksal, Ahmet Caliskan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1941704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1941704","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies whether the evidence supports the political business cycle (PBC) theory, partisan theory (PT) and rational partisan theory (RPT) by using stock market data from Turkey, a rapidly growing developing economy. In addition, we examine the impact of political events on the returns and volatility of the stock market. Results indicate that the PBC hypothesis is rejected by the data. We find permanent partisan effects in the conditional variance but not in returns. The conditional volatility of the returns is higher during the periods in which a leftist party or a coalition government is in office. We also find that the stock market returns temporarily decreases (increases) at the beginning of a right-wing (left-wing) government, providing evidence in favor of RPT. Finally, analysis results show that political developments affect both the returns and the volatility of the stock market. The link between macroeconomic fundamentals and the stock market established by the existing literature implies that political developments have significant implications for the real economy.","PeriodicalId":122971,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129840777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Forecasting Land Use from Estimated Markov Transitions 从估计的马尔可夫过渡预测土地利用

PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-06-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1866003

Timothy H. Savage

引用次数: 3

Serbia: Right-Sizing the Government Wage Bill 塞尔维亚:调整政府工资法案的规模

PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-05-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1836463

William R. Dillinger

引用次数: 3

Fuel Subsidies and Unemployment: A CGE Model Applied to Iran 燃料补贴与失业:一个适用于伊朗的CGE模型

PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-04-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1821644

O. AlShehabi

{"title":"Fuel Subsidies and Unemployment: A CGE Model Applied to Iran","authors":"O. AlShehabi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1821644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1821644","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the effects of eliminating fuel subsidies on the labour market, focusing on oil producing countries with significantly underpriced fuel commodities. The Islamic Republic of Iran is used as a case study. Two alternative options are analyzed, with the extra revenue from subsidy elimination redistributed back to household as extra income versus directing the revenue into increased investment. A purpose-builit static and dynamic CGE model is deployed in conjunction with a unique Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) of Iran. It is shown that the current structure of the economy is heavily biased towards industries that are crude oil and fuel intensive in production. Redistributing the extra revenue back to households would not be enough to overcome these distortions. The labour market suffers under such a scenario, even though Real GDP and household welfare rise. Industries contract due to the Dutch Disease effect and the more expensive inputs, causing overall production and employment to decline. Channelling the extra income into investment, however, improves the labour market’s fortune dramatically in the long run. Firstly, there is increased capital accumulation due to the rise in investment. Secondly, the structure of the Iranian economy shifts. Capital is directed towards non-fuel or crude oil intensive industries, allowing the economy to adjust away from its current reliance on industries dependent on these inputs. Consequently, employment of all types of labour in the economy experience a marked rise.","PeriodicalId":122971,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115971488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The Role of Federal Transfers in Regional Convergence in Human Development Indicators in Argentina 联邦转移支付在阿根廷人类发展指标区域趋同中的作用

PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-02-28 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1773080

Marcelo Capello, A. J. Figueras, Sebastián Freille, P. Moncarz

引用次数: 7

Returns from Income Strategies in Rural Poland 波兰农村收入策略的回报

PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1833216

J. Fałkowski, M. Jakubowski, P. Strawiński

{"title":"Returns from Income Strategies in Rural Poland","authors":"J. Fałkowski, M. Jakubowski, P. Strawiński","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1833216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1833216","url":null,"abstract":"In order to stabilise and improve their income situation, rural households are strongly encouraged to diversify their activities both within and outside the agricultural sector. Often, however, this advice is only moderately pursued. This paper addresses issues of rural household income diversification in the case of Poland. It investigates returns from rural household income strategies using propensity score matching methods and extensive datasets spanning 1998-2008. Results suggest that returns from combining farm and off-farm activities were lower than returns from concentrating on farming or on self-employment outside agriculture. This differential is stable over time although returns from diversification have relatively improved after Poland’s accession to the EU. This is also visible in the fact that since 2006 returns from combining farm and off-farm activities have evened with returns from relying solely on hired off-farm labour, thus smoothing the difference observed before the accession. Further, over the analysed period, households pursuing the diversification strategy performed better than those relying solely on unearned income. Finally, in general, the income in households combining farm and off-farm activities was higher than in those combining two off-farm income sources.","PeriodicalId":122971,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic)","volume":"298 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124241621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Understanding the Crude Oil Price: How Important is the China Factor? 了解原油价格:中国因素有多重要?

PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-11-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1711569

Xiaoyi Mu, Haichun Ye

引用次数: 59

How Britain Underdeveloped the West Indies (with Apologies to Walter Rodney) 英国如何开发西印度群岛(附向沃尔特·罗德尼道歉)

PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-10-01 DOI: 10.5840/CLRJAMES201016111

V. Storr

引用次数: 0

Suing Putin: Patterns of Anti-Government Litigation in Russia, 2000-2008 起诉普京:2000-2008年俄罗斯反政府诉讼模式

PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-08-21 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.1665969

Alexei Trochev

{"title":"Suing Putin: Patterns of Anti-Government Litigation in Russia, 2000-2008","authors":"Alexei Trochev","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1665969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1665969","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines litigation patterns in two categories of court cases, in which Russian government agencies are sued by individuals or companies: lawsuits against unpaid monetary obligations of Russian government agencies, and lawsuits brought by the victims of wrongful actions or decisions of federal government officials. It argues that despite Russia's turn away from democracy and despite their deep cynicism about judiciary, Russians increasingly use courts to fight for their rights and that judges are willing to rule in their favor in many cases. Moreover, the conditions are ripe for the expansion of anti-government litigation, as Putin’s successor, current Russian President Dmitrii Medvedev, attempts to bring more transparency into the judicial system.Proliferation of anti-government litigation in Russia is possible because the ruling regime faces conflicting goals. On the one hand, it wants to make courts “user-friendly” to promote economic growth and social peace. This is why it does not roll back the scope of judicial protection of individual rights and tolerates judicial decisions, which are contrary to the wishes of the President or Prime Minister. Yet Russia’s rulers are unable to improve judicial performance overnight. On the other hand, they encourage government officials to abuse individual rights: extorting bribes, exploiting subordinates and torturing enemies is acceptable as long as officials are loyal to the regime. Yet rulers are unable to capture courts to cover up unlawful government actions. As a result, Russian courts order federal government to pay billions of rubles in compensation to aggrieved individuals and companies.","PeriodicalId":122971,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Other Political Economy: Development (Topic)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122671119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0