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A structural model of semiotic alignment: The classification of multimodal ensembles as a novel machine learning task 符号对齐的结构模型:多模态集成的分类作为一种新的机器学习任务
AFRICON 2009 Pub Date : 2009-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308098
Alexander Mehler, Andy Lucking
{"title":"A structural model of semiotic alignment: The classification of multimodal ensembles as a novel machine learning task","authors":"Alexander Mehler, Andy Lucking","doi":"10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308098","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to the well-known linguistic alignment processes in dyadic communication — e.g., phonetic, syntactic, semantic alignment — we provide evidence for a genuine multimodal alignment process, namely semiotic alignment. Communicative elements from different modalities “routinize into” cross-modal “super-signs”, which we call multimodal ensembles. Computational models of human communication are in need of expressive models of multimodal ensembles. In this paper, we exemplify semiotic alignment by means of empirical examples of the building of multimodal ensembles. We then propose a graph model of multimodal dialogue that is expressive enough to capture multimodal ensembles. In line with this model, we define a novel task in machine learning with the aim of training classifiers that can detect semiotic alignment in dialogue. This model is in support of approaches which need to gain insights into realistic human-machine communication.","PeriodicalId":122830,"journal":{"name":"AFRICON 2009","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127814173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Loss reduction in generalised multilevel converters 广义多电平变换器的损耗降低
AFRICON 2009 Pub Date : 2009-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308152
M. Gitau, C. Konga, J. G. vd Westhuizen
{"title":"Loss reduction in generalised multilevel converters","authors":"M. Gitau, C. Konga, J. G. vd Westhuizen","doi":"10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308152","url":null,"abstract":"Capacitor-switching operations found in magnetic-less DC-DC converters lead to significant capacitor power loss while capacitor voltage unbalance leads to high peak currents in the capacitors and switches. Power loss leads to premature failure of capacitors and is inversely proportional to both capacitance and switching frequency. A given reduction in losses then requires a corresponding increase in one of these parameters. This paper will show that by increasing the size of specific capacitors, it is possible to reduce significantly switching state transition capacitor losses and voltage unbalance without the need to increase the size of the capacitor bank by the same proportion. A method to identify capacitors that will lead to significant switching transition loss reduction when their sizes are increased is proposed.","PeriodicalId":122830,"journal":{"name":"AFRICON 2009","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121251968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Towards automatic Digital Surface Model generation using a Graphics Processing Unit 利用图形处理单元实现自动数字曲面模型生成
AFRICON 2009 Pub Date : 2009-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308102
Dirk van der Merwe, J. Meyer
{"title":"Towards automatic Digital Surface Model generation using a Graphics Processing Unit","authors":"Dirk van der Merwe, J. Meyer","doi":"10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308102","url":null,"abstract":"Digital Surface Models (DSM) are widely used in the earth sciences. It provides information for various geological studies and other applications. There are a number of methods for automatic DSM generation, each of which has its own strengths and weaknesses, none of which are perfect. Even though there are plenty of algorithms to date which can generate the DSMs, it is a computationally complex calculation and does tend to take some time to complete. In order to achieve faster DSMs, an algorithm was implemented on a Graphics Processing Unit. This platform greatly improves the processing speed but does have some drawbacks; namely, no support for double precision floating point values, limited memory and algorithms has to be adapted to be usable in a stream processor environment. A speed performance increase of 900% was obtained while having a negligble decrease in accuracy. The GPU does offer a more efficient platform for computationally extensive digital surface modelling applications.","PeriodicalId":122830,"journal":{"name":"AFRICON 2009","volume":"257 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117029901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Overview of finite capacity scheduling using biological control principles 利用生物控制原理的有限容量调度概述
AFRICON 2009 Pub Date : 2009-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308087
R. Khalil, L. Mukhongo, D. Stockton
{"title":"Overview of finite capacity scheduling using biological control principles","authors":"R. Khalil, L. Mukhongo, D. Stockton","doi":"10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308087","url":null,"abstract":"The changing manufacturing settings characterised by insistent competition globally and dynamics in process technology calls for new ways of enabling the survival of manufacturing systems by making them easily adaptable to facilitate the integration of new technologies and new functions to many manufacturing perturbations. Scheduling of processes and activities of manufacturing systems and services is a formidable task which aims at satisfying the demands, meeting due dates for products, and increasing throughput by reducing the setup times by applying appropriate control strategies. This paper gives an overview of process scheduling of resources for manufacturing systems and service provision using biological control principles. The scheduling technique proposed here strives at making manufacturing units autonomous thereby reducing the high levels of time required in manual planning of tasks. This paper investigates the biological control techniques that can be applied in manufacturing systems.","PeriodicalId":122830,"journal":{"name":"AFRICON 2009","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122045858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Natural variable simulation of induction machines 感应电机的自然变量仿真
AFRICON 2009 Pub Date : 2009-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308180
A. Balogun, O. Ojo
{"title":"Natural variable simulation of induction machines","authors":"A. Balogun, O. Ojo","doi":"10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308180","url":null,"abstract":"A method for obtaining natural variable model of induction machines (IM) is presented. The variables of the model are electromagnetic torque (Te), reactive torque (Tr), magnitude of rotor flux linkage (λr), magnitude of stator flux linkage (λs), and rotor speed (ωr). These variables do not change in any reference frame of transformation. The model obtained is expressed in a state-space form with the natural variables as state variables. Simulation is carried out and the results are compared with a conventional induction machine simulation technique. Simulation results show the efficacy of this model in predicting electrical behavior of induction machines. Flux linkage orientation is done to facilitate the simulation, which is similar to method of alignment in vector control.","PeriodicalId":122830,"journal":{"name":"AFRICON 2009","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123773967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Development of performance functions for economic performance assessment of process control systems 开发过程控制系统经济绩效评价的绩效函数
AFRICON 2009 Pub Date : 2009-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308379
Donghui Wei, I. Craig
{"title":"Development of performance functions for economic performance assessment of process control systems","authors":"Donghui Wei, I. Craig","doi":"10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308379","url":null,"abstract":"Economic performance assessment (EPA) remains important to predict and verify the benefits from process control systems. In the latest techniques of EPA, performance functions (PFs) have an essential function. However, to the extent of the authors' knowledge, there has been no systematic approach to developing PFs. In this paper, a methodology for developing PFs is given and two case studies are given to show how it works. The methodology includes six crucial stages.","PeriodicalId":122830,"journal":{"name":"AFRICON 2009","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126467739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
An adaptive thresholding method for automatic lung segmentation in CT images CT图像中肺自动分割的自适应阈值分割方法
AFRICON 2009 Pub Date : 2009-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308100
Lin-Yu Tseng, Li-Chin Huang
{"title":"An adaptive thresholding method for automatic lung segmentation in CT images","authors":"Lin-Yu Tseng, Li-Chin Huang","doi":"10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308100","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is one of the most serious health problems in the world. Lung Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) is a potential method to accomplish a range of quantitative tasks such as early cancer and disease detection, analysis of disease progression, analysis of pulmonary function and perfusion, and automatic identification and tracking of implanted devices. For identifying the lung diseases, computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax is widely applied in diagnose. The lung segmentation is the preprocessing step in most CAD systems. However, manually segmenting the lungs is tedious and taking lots of time for the large-sized CT databases. In this paper, we propose a novel lung segmentation technique that can determine the threshold for each CT slice in a patient stack and automatically do the lung segmentation. The accuracy is 98% when the method was tested on five patient stacks that contained 914 slices.","PeriodicalId":122830,"journal":{"name":"AFRICON 2009","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134025313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 35
Distance-optimality study for permutation codes using cyclic-shift prefix/suffix technique 使用循环移位前缀/后缀技术的排列码距离最优性研究
AFRICON 2009 Pub Date : 2009-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308168
K. Ouahada, H. C. Ferreira, Ling Cheng
{"title":"Distance-optimality study for permutation codes using cyclic-shift prefix/suffix technique","authors":"K. Ouahada, H. C. Ferreira, Ling Cheng","doi":"10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308168","url":null,"abstract":"Distance-preserving mappings is a technique that maps binary sequences to permutation sequences. Many mapping algorithms, which are called constructions have been introduced. Few constructions have been considered to be optimum on the sum of distances since they reached the upper bound on the sum of the Hamming distances for certain lengths of the permutation sequence. We introduce a technique based on the cyclic shift of a permutation symbol to understand the conditions that make any construction optimum.","PeriodicalId":122830,"journal":{"name":"AFRICON 2009","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132582041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On accuracy of double-screw-drive robotic forceps 双螺杆驱动机器人钳的精度研究
AFRICON 2009 Pub Date : 2009-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308372
Chihari Ishii, T. Nakakuki, Y. Nishitani
{"title":"On accuracy of double-screw-drive robotic forceps","authors":"Chihari Ishii, T. Nakakuki, Y. Nishitani","doi":"10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308372","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, robotic surgical assistance systems are in clinical use in the field of minimally invasive surgery. We have developed a multi-DOF robotic forceps manipulator using a novel omni-directional bending technique, so far. The developed robotic forceps can bend without using wires. Without wires, it has high rigidity, and it can bend at 90 degrees in any arbitrary direction. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of the developed robotic forceps and to demonstrate its validity. Tracking control experiment for examining the accuracy of the DSD forceps was conducted, and an analysis of the accuracy was performed.","PeriodicalId":122830,"journal":{"name":"AFRICON 2009","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132838693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New error-correcting ternary line codes with additional nulls 新的带有额外空值的纠错三进制行代码
AFRICON 2009 Pub Date : 2009-11-03 DOI: 10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308170
K. Ouahada, H. C. Ferreira, T. Swart
{"title":"New error-correcting ternary line codes with additional nulls","authors":"K. Ouahada, H. C. Ferreira, T. Swart","doi":"10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRCON.2009.5308170","url":null,"abstract":"A new technique of designing ternary line codes is presented. Spectral shaping and distance-preserving mappings techniques are combined to design codes with spectral nulls and error correction capabilities. The resultant ternary line codes use state-machine structure of the convolutional codes and thus have certain advantages compared to other published line codes.","PeriodicalId":122830,"journal":{"name":"AFRICON 2009","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125099804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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