Folia morphologica最新文献_第2页

An unusual variant of an accessory thoracic muscle. 胸副肌一种不寻常的胸副肌变体

IF 1.2 4区医学

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.5603/fm.104159

George Triantafyllou, Maria Piagkou, Nicol Zielinska, Łukasz Olewnik, Nektaria Karangeli, Ioannis Paschopoulos, Georgi P Georgiev, George Tsakotos

{"title":"An unusual variant of an accessory thoracic muscle.","authors":"George Triantafyllou, Maria Piagkou, Nicol Zielinska, Łukasz Olewnik, Nektaria Karangeli, Ioannis Paschopoulos, Georgi P Georgiev, George Tsakotos","doi":"10.5603/fm.104159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/fm.104159","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The anterior thoracic wall musculature presents significant morphological variability. The current literature describes a few accessory thoracic muscles (ATMs) and discusses possible clinical implications. The dissection report describes an unusual ATM variant.Materials and methods: The variant case was identified during theroutine dissection of a 78-year-old female donated cadaver.Results: An accessory previously unknown muscle was identified on the right anterior thoracic wall in the intermediate plane of the pectoralis major and minor muscles (PM and Pm). It originated from the external oblique muscle (at the level of the fifth rib), and in its distal attachment, the muscular belly became aponeurotic and fused with the axillary fascia. The insertion was located anteriorly to the axillary neurovascular structures but was not closely related. On the left anterior thoracic wall, the musculature was presented as typical.Conclusions: The variant case could not be classified as a previously reported variant due to its origin in the external oblique muscle. The proposed name for the accessory muscle is the \"abdomino-fascialis\" muscle. Surgeonsoperating in the axilla and the anterior thoracic wallmust acknowledge these variants, which can significantly complicate several procedures.","PeriodicalId":12251,"journal":{"name":"Folia morphologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

METTL14 knockdown attenuates neuron injury and improves function recovery after spinal cord injury via regulating FGF21 in a m6A-IGF2BP1 dependent mechanism. METTL14敲低通过m6A-IGF2BP1依赖机制调节FGF21，减轻脊髓损伤后神经元损伤，促进功能恢复。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.5603/fm.103208

Guozhen Zhang, Bingbing Pu, Fanjun Qin, Qiaojing Lin

{"title":"METTL14 knockdown attenuates neuron injury and improves function recovery after spinal cord injury via regulating FGF21 in a m6A-IGF2BP1 dependent mechanism.","authors":"Guozhen Zhang, Bingbing Pu, Fanjun Qin, Qiaojing Lin","doi":"10.5603/fm.103208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/fm.103208","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) have been identified to be involved in spinal cord injury (SCI). However, whether FGF21 functioned in SCI via METTL14-induced N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification remains unclear.Materials and methods: PC12 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. qRT-PCR and western blotting analyses were applied to detect the mRNA and protein levels of METTL14, FGF21 and Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1). The CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry and ELISA analysis were used to conduct in vitro functional analyses. Cell ferroptosis was assessed by measuring the levels of Fe2+, reactive oxygen species, glutathione and related regulators. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification profile was analyzed by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) assay. The interaction between IGF2BP1 and FGF21 was validated using RIP assay. SCI animal models were constructed for in vivo analysis.Results: Levels of FGF21 were decreased in LPS-induced PC12 cells. Functionally, FGF21 overexpression reversed LPS-induced proliferation inhibition, apoptosis, ferroptosis and inflammation in PC12 cells. Mechanistically, METTL14 induced FGF21 m6A modification in SCI cell models, and m6A-binding protein IGF2BP1 was involved in regulating FGF21 expression by METTL14. METTL14 silencing abolished LPS-induced neuronal apoptosis, inflammation and ferroptosis via regulating FGF21. Moreover, METTL14 silencing improved neuronal injury in SCI rat models by modulating FGF21 expression.Conclusions: METTL14 knockdown attenuates neuron injury and improves function recovery after SCI via up-regulating FGF21 in an m6A-IGF2BP1 dependent mechanism, suggesting a useful target for SCI recovery.","PeriodicalId":12251,"journal":{"name":"Folia morphologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Delayed development of the inferior mesenteric vein in human fetuses. 人类胎儿肠系膜下静脉发育迟缓。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.5603/fm.102920

Chun-Ai Li, Ji Hyun Kim, Zhe-Wu Jin, Gen Murakami, José Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez, Shogo Hayashi

{"title":"Delayed development of the inferior mesenteric vein in human fetuses.","authors":"Chun-Ai Li, Ji Hyun Kim, Zhe-Wu Jin, Gen Murakami, José Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez, Shogo Hayashi","doi":"10.5603/fm.102920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/fm.102920","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The superior mesenteric vein appears as a fusion between irregularly-shaped slits of the midgut mesentery tissue at 5-6 weeks. In contrast, there might be no report when and how the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) develops. We aimed to find the human initial IMV.Materials and methods: We examined 1) sagittal histological sections of 7 human fetuses with 45-75 mm crown rump length or CRL (10-12 weeks); 2) horizontal sections of 15 fetuses with 70-155 mm CRL (12-18 weeks) and 3) horizontal sections of 12 late-term fetuses with 225-328 mm CRL (28-41 weeks).Results: In the mesentery of the descending colon-rectum, the initial IMV lumen opened at 10-12 weeks of gestation, but the vein was difficult to trace upward to the anterior surface of the left adrenal. At 13-14 weeks, irrespective of whether it accompanied a colic artery, the IMV ran medially along the adrenal and it sometimes became thick near the pancreatic head. Earlier than the IMV, the middle colic vein appeared at the left aspect of the pancreatic head. Until late-term after establishment of the dorsal mesogastrium fusion with the mesocolon transversum, the IMV provided a peritoneal fold at the duodenojejunal junction.Conclusions: A venous drainage via the IMV was much delayed possibly because, in early and midterm fetuses, an ongoing fusion of the midgut mesentery and a changing topographical relation among the abdominal viscera interfered with the venous flow. Instead, well-developed lymphatics seemed to be responsible for the drainage of the left-sided colon.","PeriodicalId":12251,"journal":{"name":"Folia morphologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling surfactant protein-A dynamics in human fetal lung development: histological and immunohistochemical insights from Myanmar. 揭示人胎儿肺发育中的表面活性剂蛋白- a动力学：来自缅甸的组织学和免疫组织化学见解。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.5603/fm.101668

Saung A Kari, Zaw Myo Hein, Gehan El-Akabawy, Saung Yamone Naing

{"title":"Unveiling surfactant protein-A dynamics in human fetal lung development: histological and immunohistochemical insights from Myanmar.","authors":"Saung A Kari, Zaw Myo Hein, Gehan El-Akabawy, Saung Yamone Naing","doi":"10.5603/fm.101668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/fm.101668","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Surfactant protein-A (SP-A) is the most prevalent protein in the pulmonary surfactant system and it is expressed in Type II alveolar epithelial cells.Materials and methods: We evaluated SP-A expression in 92 fetal human lungs at various gestational ages in Myanmar (Burma) using hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical assays.Results: We detected tubular structures in the fetal lungs during the canalicular stage of development at gestational weeks 22-25. Bronchioles were detected between 26-27 and 28-33 weeks, when primitive alveoli were evident. At 34-40 weeks, clusters of alveolar sacs opened from the alveolar ducts during the saccular development stage. At 40-44 weeks, extremely thin alveolar walls resembled sections of adult lungs. Type II cells secreting surfactant were undetectable at 22-25 weeks, but became detectable from 26 weeks, and the abundance of Type II cells increased after 28 weeks. Surfactant spread throughout the alveoli at 34 weeks. Because the positivity index of these cells significantly correlated with a gestational age of 26-33 weeks, we established a formula to estimate gestational age.Conclusions: Our findings improve understanding of fetal lung development and maturity, and provide valuable insights into the diagnosis and management of respiratory disorders among premature infants in Myanmar.","PeriodicalId":12251,"journal":{"name":"Folia morphologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological variability of the testicular arteries and clinical significance - a comprehensive review. 睾丸动脉形态变异及其临床意义综述。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.5603/fm.99968

Weronika Marcinkowska, Mikołaj Malicki, Łukasz Olewnik, Boycho Landzhov, Georgi P Georgiev, Nicol Zielinska

引用次数: 0

The deltoid muscle: a proposed classification system on human fetuses. 三角肌：一个关于人类胎儿的分类系统。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.5603/fm.99966

Krzysztof Koptas, Krystian Maślanka, Nicol Zielinska, Ewa Klejman, Łukasz Olewnik

{"title":"The deltoid muscle: a proposed classification system on human fetuses.","authors":"Krzysztof Koptas, Krystian Maślanka, Nicol Zielinska, Ewa Klejman, Łukasz Olewnik","doi":"10.5603/fm.99966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/fm.99966","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The deltoid muscle originates from the spine of the scapula, the lateral border of the acromion and the lateral third of the clavicle. It inserts on the deltoid tuberosity. It is divided into three parts: spinal, acromial and clavicular. Our research shows that each part of the deltoid muscle can have up to three bellies during prenatal life.Materials and methods: The material included 80 upper limbs of spontaneously-aborted human fetuses (32 male, 48 female; Central European population), 18-38 weeks of gestation at the time of death.Results: Each part had one (Type I), two (Type II) or three (Type III) bellies. In all parts, the most common form was Type I: it was present in 81.25% of cases in the clavicular part, 73.75% in the acromial part and 57.5% in the spinal part. In contrast, Type III was the rarest form in all parts: it was present in 3.75% of cases in the clavicular part, 12.5% in the acromial part and 7.5% in the spinal part.Conclusions: The deltoid muscle is characterized by morphological variability, even in fetuses.","PeriodicalId":12251,"journal":{"name":"Folia morphologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A cadaveric analysis of the efficacy of blind injections into the lateral pterygoid muscle. 翼状外侧肌盲注射疗效的尸体分析。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.5603/fm.102905

Ashley Durfee, Emma Finnegan, Claire Lewis, Callum Franklin, Ourania Varsou, Denis Barry

{"title":"A cadaveric analysis of the efficacy of blind injections into the lateral pterygoid muscle.","authors":"Ashley Durfee, Emma Finnegan, Claire Lewis, Callum Franklin, Ourania Varsou, Denis Barry","doi":"10.5603/fm.102905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/fm.102905","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are amongst the most common causes of orofacial pain. Hyperactivity of the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) is associated with the pathological mechanisms associated with TMD. Botulinum Toxin-A (BTX) injections into the LPM can be used as a treatment for TMD; however, a lack of clinical standardisation for this procedure can lead to adverse outcomes, especially when using anatomical landmark-based approaches.Materials and methods: To better understand the precision of extraoral landmark-based LPM BTX injections, a maxillofacial surgeon injected 1.5 mL of 0.25% methylene blue dye into the LPM of five cadavers. Needle location, dye spread, and disrupted structures were then examined through cadaveric dissection.Results: Landmark-based LPM BTX approaches resulted in poor outcomes in accuracy (0%) and a 40% incidence of neurovascular disruption, including the facial plexus, superficial temporal artery and superficial temporal vein.Conclusions: Randomised controlled trials have highlighted the risks associated with extraoral botulinum toxin injections for TMD symptomatic relief. This report demonstrates the low accuracy rate and high neurovascular risk accompanying blind LPM injections and highlights the necessity of safe treatment protocols in TMD, in particular guided image-based diagnostics and procedures.","PeriodicalId":12251,"journal":{"name":"Folia morphologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An accessory slip of the fibularis tertius to the extensor digitorum longus - an unreported variant. 指长伸肌的腓骨外侧副滑移-一种未报道的变异。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.5603/fm.100239

Andrzej Węgiel, Nicol Zielinska, Krystian Maślanka, Bartosz Gonera, Konrad Kurtys, Łukasz Olewnik

引用次数: 0

The anatomical structure of the brachial plexus of the guinea pig (cavia porcellus). 豚鼠臂神经丛的解剖结构。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.5603/fm.101041

Arkadiusz Rafał Grzeczka, Maciej Zdun

{"title":"The anatomical structure of the brachial plexus of the guinea pig (cavia porcellus).","authors":"Arkadiusz Rafał Grzeczka, Maciej Zdun","doi":"10.5603/fm.101041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/fm.101041","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In this study, we described the anatomy of the brachial plexus of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). The description of the brachial plexus anatomy can contribute to the knowledge of the neuroanatomy of small mammals. Furthermore, it is a source of information for clinicians performing brachial plexus anesthesia in exotic animals such as the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus).Materials and methods: Caviaporcellus cadavers were fixed in a 10% formalin solution. The examination of 20 specimens of this species allowed us to assess the extent of the brachial plexus, the nerves exiting it, and the extent of their innervation. Most commonly, it consisted of C6-T1 but could also include branches of C5 and T2. The plexus consisted of three trunks and four cords. We distinguished 15 nerves: n. subclavius, n. brachiocephalicus, n. dorsalis scapulae, n. suprascapularis, nn. subscapulares, n. axillaris, n. musculocutaneus, nn. pectorales craniales, n. radialis, n. medianus, n. ulnaris, n. thoracodorsalis, n. thoracicus lateralis, n. thoracicus longus, and nn. pectorales caudales. We elaborated the innervation range of all identified nerves and updated data from existing papers.Results: We presented the detailed anatomy of the n. musculocutaneous, brachiocephalicus, and pectoral nerves, which were not distinguished in previous papers or for which the structure was insufficiently known, and compared our results with existing work.Conclusions: Based on the innervation and the extent of the plexus, it can be confirmed thatCavia porcellushas a brachial plexus with a structure that is characteristic of rodents.","PeriodicalId":12251,"journal":{"name":"Folia morphologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anatomy education and clinical practice: students' views. 解剖学教育与临床实践：学生的观点。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.5603/fm.102829

Niki Matveeva, Julija Zhivadinovikj Bogdanovska, Biljana Zafirova, Elizabeta Chadikovska, Ace Dodevski, Biljana Trpkovska, Biljana Bojadzieva Stojanoska, Anamarija Paunkoska

{"title":"Anatomy education and clinical practice: students' views.","authors":"Niki Matveeva, Julija Zhivadinovikj Bogdanovska, Biljana Zafirova, Elizabeta Chadikovska, Ace Dodevski, Biljana Trpkovska, Biljana Bojadzieva Stojanoska, Anamarija Paunkoska","doi":"10.5603/fm.102829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/fm.102829","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: This study aimed to evaluate students' perspectives on the relevance of anatomy education to clinical practice throughout their studies at the Faculty of Medicine in Skopje.Materials and methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based investigation and took place at the Faculty of Medicine in Skopje at the University of \"Ss Cyril and Methodius\", R. North Macedonia. The questionnaire form included demographics, five-point Likert items, and open-ended questions. Questionnaire data were collected from volunteer students participants, currently and not currently involved in anatomy education, consisting of 134 first-year and 87 fourth- and fifth-year students during March and April 2024.Results: Junior students agreed that their anatomy education helped them achieve some important goals for clinical practice, such as adopting and applying medical terminology and the ability to visualize a three-dimensional human body map. Senior students were less convinced that the structures and concepts acquired during anatomy education were relevant to clinical practice, helped them acquire clinical knowledge and skills effectively, and understand the principles of evidence-based medicine. Both junior students and their senior colleagues disagreed that anatomy education succeeded in developing their self-confidence, teamwork, and communication skills.Conclusions: Both groups of students had similar preferences and suggestions for redesigning anatomy courses to focus on essential elements that are functionally and clinically relevant. This can be achieved through traditional and modern teaching methods, small group work, and the establishment of learning outcomes within clinically relevant contexts.","PeriodicalId":12251,"journal":{"name":"Folia morphologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0