EXCLI Journal最新文献

{"title":"Current biological and pharmacological updates on <i>Tinospora cordifolia</i>.","authors":"Shubham Kumar, Murtaza M Tambuwala, Yachana Mishra, Vijay Mishra","doi":"10.17179/excli2024-7170","DOIUrl":"10.17179/excli2024-7170","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12247,"journal":{"name":"EXCLI Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"811-815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11333724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exhaled volatile organic compounds in the detection of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Daniah Alsaadi, Nicolle Clements, Natiya Gabuniya, Nader Francis, Manish Chand","doi":"10.17179/excli2024-7042","DOIUrl":"10.17179/excli2024-7042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is an apparent need for novel non-invasive colorectal cancer (CRC) screening tests that are more acceptable to patients and can reliably detect CRC or reduce the number of unnecessary colonoscopies performed in cancer-free patients. An emerging number of studies demonstrate the potential value of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as a diagnostic and triaging test for CRC. A systematic appraisal and meta-analysis of the published evidence was done to determine whether exhaled VOCs can be used in the detection and screening of CRC. Nine electronic databases were searched from inception of the databases until August 2020. Quantitative and descriptive data of CRC patients and healthy control (HC) participants who underwent VOCs breath analysis was extracted. In addition, where possible, sampling methods, analytical platforms, processors, and specific breath biomarkers found in each study were recorded. Fourteen articles were included in the systematic review with 491 colorectal patients and 754 HC participants (n=1245). Sub-group meta-analysis was conducted on nine of those articles and the pooled sensitivity was estimated to be 0.89 (95 % CI = 0.80-0.99) whereas specificity was 0.83 (95 % CI = 0.74-0.92). Heterogeneity of pooled sensitivity and specificity was estimated as I²=11.11 %. Although this study was limited by small sample size and different analytical platforms, the proposed future framework resolves such limitations and standardizes future research. It is reasonable to deduce that VOCs breath analysis is certainly a field of research that can progress to replace traditional methods within the framework of CRC screening and diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12247,"journal":{"name":"EXCLI Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"795-810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent insights into luteolin and its biological and pharmacological activities.","authors":"Priscilla Nadalin, Jae Kwang Kim, Sang Un Park","doi":"10.17179/excli2024-7168","DOIUrl":"10.17179/excli2024-7168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12247,"journal":{"name":"EXCLI Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"787-794"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11333740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A regulatory compliant short-term oral toxicity study of soluble [60]fullerenes in rats.","authors":"Christopher Burres, Robert Wong, Fabio Pedreira, Maria Da Silva Pimenta, Fathi Moussa","doi":"10.17179/excli2024-7084","DOIUrl":"10.17179/excli2024-7084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thirty-eight years after its discovery, the safety of [60]fullerene (C60), the most abundant fullerene with many potential applications, particularly in oxidative stress-related medicine, remains controversial. This is mainly due to the alleged dangers of C60 nanomaterial, which are regularly supported by some publications. While several academic studies have confirmed the safety of C60 in various experimental models, it is well known that C60 aggregates can carry toxic elements. Meanwhile, countless websites offer C60-oily solutions to consumers, without any regulatory consideration. Therefore, an officially certified toxicity study is urgently needed to avoid any public health problems. In this context, we report on the first certified short-term oral toxicity study of soluble C60, designed according to the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, with a deviation in the duration (2 weeks instead of 4 weeks) accepted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The results of this study, conducted in an independent accredited European Laboratory, clearly show that C60 in soluble form (0.8 mg/ml of extra virgin olive oil), administered at the highest possible dose of 3.8 mg/kg body weight/day, did not cause any adverse effects in rats after 14 days of daily oral administration. This report should settle the debate on the acute oral toxicity of C60 and pave the way for further preclinical studies. The study is accompanied by a comprehensive report that includes documentation of the raw data.</p>","PeriodicalId":12247,"journal":{"name":"EXCLI Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"772-786"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating fNIRS and machine learning: shedding light on Parkinson's disease detection.","authors":"Edgar Guevara, Gabriel Solana-Lavalle, Roberto Rosas-Romero","doi":"10.17179/excli2024-7151","DOIUrl":"10.17179/excli2024-7151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this research is to introduce an approach to assist the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) by classifying <i>functional near-infrared spectroscopy</i> (fNIRS) studies as PD positive or negative. fNIRS is a non-invasive optical signal modality that conveys the brain's hemodynamic response, specifically changes in blood oxygenation in the cerebral cortex; and its potential as a tool to assist PD detection deserves to be explored since it is non-invasive and cost-effective as opposed to other neuroimaging modalities. Besides the integration of fNIRS and machine learning, a contribution of this work is that various approaches were implemented and tested to find the implementation that achieves the highest performance. All the implementations used a logistic regression model for classification. A set of 792 temporal and spectral features were extracted from each participant's fNIRS study. In the two best performing implementations, an ensemble of feature-ranking techniques was used to select a reduced feature subset, which was subsequently reduced with a genetic algorithm. Achieving optimal detection performance, our approach reached 100 % accuracy, precision, and recall, with an F1 score and area under the curve (AUC) of 1, using 14 features. This significantly advances PD diagnosis, highlighting the potential of integrating fNIRS and machine learning for non-invasive PD detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12247,"journal":{"name":"EXCLI Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"763-771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular pathways and therapeutic strategies in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP): unravelling the tumor's genetic landscape.","authors":"Harpreet Singh, Heena Bholaram Choudhary, Deepa Satish Mandlik, Manoj Subhash Magre, Sourav Mohanto, Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed, Bhuvnesh Kumar Singh, Arun Kumar Mishra, Arvind Kumar, Amrita Mishra, T Venkatachalam, Hitesh Chopra","doi":"10.17179/excli2024-7164","DOIUrl":"10.17179/excli2024-7164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma distinguished by its infiltrative growth pattern and recurrence potential. Understanding the molecular characteristics of DFSP is essential for enhancing its diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies. The paper provides an overview of DFSP, highlighting the significance of its molecular understanding. The gene expression profiling has uncovered unique molecular signatures in DFSP, highlighting its heterogeneity and potential therapeutic targets. The Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptors (PDGFRs) and Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) signaling pathways play essential roles in the progression and development of DFSP. The abnormal activation of these pathways presents opportunities for therapeutic interventions. Several emerging therapies, i.e., immunotherapies, immunomodulatory strategies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, offer promising alternatives to surgical resection. In DFSP management, combination strategies, including rational combination therapies, aim to exploit the synergistic effects and overcome resistance. The article consisting future perspectives and challenges includes the discovery of prognostic and predictive biomarkers to improve risk stratification and treatment selection. Preclinical models, such as Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and genetically engineered mouse models, help study the biology of DFSP and evaluate therapeutic interventions. The manuscript also covers small-molecule inhibitors, clinical trials, immune checkpoint inhibitors for DFSP treatment, combination therapies, rational therapies, and resistance mechanisms, which are unique and not broadly covered in recent pieces of literature. See also the graphical abstract(Fig. 1).</p>","PeriodicalId":12247,"journal":{"name":"EXCLI Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"727-762"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined non-invasive neuromodulation using transcranial direct current stimulation, motor imagery and action observation for motor, cognitive and functional recovery in cortico-basal degeneration: a single case study.","authors":"Juan Pablo Romero, Alexis Martínez-Benito, David de Noreña, Alfonso Hurtado-Martínez, Francisco José Sánchez-Cuesta, Yeray González-Zamorano, Marcos Moreno-Verdú","doi":"10.17179/excli2024-7027","DOIUrl":"10.17179/excli2024-7027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report presents a comprehensive assessment and therapeutic intervention using non-invasive motor cortex neuromodulation for a 70-year-old female patient diagnosed with corticobasal degeneration (CBD). The study followed the CARE guidelines. The patient meets the criteria for probable CBD, with neuroimaging evidence of exclusively cortical impairment. The patient underwent a non-invasive neuromodulation protocol involving transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and action observation plus motor imagery (AO+MI). The neuromodulation protocol comprised 20 sessions involving tDCS over the primary motor cortex and combined AO+MI. Anodal tDCS was delivered a 2 mA excitatory current for 20 minutes. AO+MI focused on lower limb movements, progressing over four weeks with video observation and gradual execution, both weekly and monthly. The neuromodulation techniques were delivered online (i.e. applied simultaneously in each session). Outcome measures were obtained at baseline, post-intervention and follow-up (1 month later), and included motor (lower limb), cognitive/neuropsychological and functional assessments. Walking speed improvements were not observed, but balance (Berg Balance Scale) and functional strength (Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test) improved post-treatment. Long-term enhancements in attentional set-shifting, inhibitory control, verbal attentional span, and working memory were found. There was neurophysiological evidence of diminished intracortical inhibition. Functional changes included worsening in Cortico Basal Ganglia Functional Scale score. Emotional well-being and general health (SF-36) increased immediately after treatment but were not sustained, while Falls Efficacy Scale International showed only long-term improvement. The findings suggest potential benefits of the presented neuromodulation protocol for CBD patients, highlighting multifaceted outcomes in motor, cognitive, and functional domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":12247,"journal":{"name":"EXCLI Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"714-726"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11180953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141418505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances, challenges and updates on the development of therapeutics for malaria.","authors":"Rimmy Nandal, Davinder Kumar, Navidha Aggarwal, Virender Kumar, Balasubramanian Narasimhan, Rakesh Kumar Marwaha, Prabodh Chander Sharma, Surender Kumar, Nitin Bansal, Hitesh Chopra, Aakash Deep","doi":"10.17179/excli2023-6856","DOIUrl":"10.17179/excli2023-6856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malaria has developed as a serious worldwide health issue as a result of the introduction of resistant <i>Plasmodium</i> species strains. Because of the common chemo resistance to most of the existing drugs on the market, it poses a severe health problem and significant obstacles in drug research. Malaria treatment has evolved during the last two decades in response to <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> drug sensitivity and a return of the disease in tropical areas. <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> is now highly resistant to the majority of antimalarial drugs. The parasite resistance drew focus to developing novel antimalarials to combat parasite resistance. The requirement for many novel antimalarial drugs in the future year necessitates adopting various drug development methodologies. Different innovative strategies for discovering antimalarial drugs are now being examined here. This review is primarily concerned with the description of newly synthesized antimalarial compounds, i.e. Tafenoquine, Cipargamin, Ferroquine, Artefenomel, DSM265, MMV390048 designed to improve the activity of pure antimalarial enantiomers. In this review, we selected the representative malarial drugs in clinical trials, classified them with detailed targets according to their action, discussed the relationship within the human trials, and generated a summative discussion with prospective expectations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12247,"journal":{"name":"EXCLI Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"672-713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11180964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141418510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of microbial transglutaminase by <i>Streptoverticillium cinnamoneum</i> KKP 1658.","authors":"Vitaliy Kolotylo, Kamil Piwowarek, Marek Kieliszek","doi":"10.17179/excli2024-7033","DOIUrl":"10.17179/excli2024-7033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transglutaminase finds broad applications in the food industry, influencing texture, shelf life and overall food quality. It can be utilized to create products with enhanced sensory and technological properties and serves as a tool to reduce food waste. The aim of this study was to optimize the production of microbial transglutaminase (MTG) by the genetically unmodified strain of <i>Streptoverticillium cinnamoneum</i> KKP 1658. Tryptone soy broth (TSB) was chosen as the optimal inoculation medium due to its high MTG activity in the cultivation substrate. The optimal inoculum incubation time was determined as 24 hours, with a dosage of 10 %. Various nitrogen sources were investigated while maintaining a consistent nitrogen dosage (0.2 %) (including aminobak, corn steep liquor, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate) to achieve the highest microbiological transglutaminase activity. The combination of aminobak with corn steep liquor and a cultivation period of 72 hours (28 °C; pH 6.0-6.5) yielded the highest MTG activity at 6.59 U/mL.</p>","PeriodicalId":12247,"journal":{"name":"EXCLI Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"655-671"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11180937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141418509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomes derived from colorectal cancer cells take part in activation of stromal fibroblasts through regulating PHLPP isoforms.","authors":"Fatemeh Khaloozadeh, Ehsan Razmara, Fatemeh Asgharpour-Babayian, Alireza Fallah, Reihaneh Ramezani, Fatemeh Rouhollah, Sadegh Babashah","doi":"10.17179/excli2024-6926","DOIUrl":"10.17179/excli2024-6926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given that tumor cells primarily instigate systemic changes through exosome secretion, our study delved into the role of colorectal cancer (CRC)-secreted exosomal miR-224 in stromal reprogramming and its impact on endothelial cell angiogenesis. Furthermore, we assessed the potential clinical significance of a specific signature of circulating serum-derived miRNAs, serving as a non-invasive biomarker for CRC diagnosis. Circulating serum-derived miR-103a-3p, miR-135b-5p, miR-182-5p, and miR-224-5p were significantly up-regulated, while miR-215-5p, and miR-455-5p showed a significant down-regulation in CRC patients than in healthy individuals. Our findings indicated that the expressions of CAF-specific markers (α-SMA and FAP) and CAF-derived cytokines (IL-6, and SDF-1) were induced in fibroblasts stimulated with SW480 CRC exosomes, partly due to Akt activation. As a plausible mechanism, exosomal transfer of miR-224 from SW40 CRC cells may activate stromal fibroblasts, which in turn, may promote endothelial cell sprouting. The study identified PHLPP1 and PHLPP2 as direct targets of miR-224 and demonstrated that CRC-secreted exosomal miR-224 activates Akt signaling by regulating PHLPP1/2 in activated fibroblasts, thereby affecting the stromal cell proliferation and migration. This study established a panel of six-circulating serum-derived miRNAs as a non-invasive biomarker for CRC diagnosis. Also, we proposed a supporting model in which CRC-secreted exosomal miR-224 takes part in the stromal reprogramming to CAFs partly through regulating Akt signaling. This may affect the malignant biological behavior of activated stromal cells and thereby elicit a vascular response within the microenvironment of CRC cells. See also the graphical abstract(Fig. 1).</p>","PeriodicalId":12247,"journal":{"name":"EXCLI Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"634-654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11180944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141418507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}