International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive最新文献

{"title":"Effect of cashew meal (Anacardium occidental) on organ yields and organoleptic characteristics of broiler meat in Côte d'Ivoire","authors":"Fofana Daouda, Ouattara Abdoulaye, Diomande Masse","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0045","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to valorise cashew oilcake in broiler feed. Cashew oilcake is used in the formulation of five (5) feed rations: F0 (with 0% cashew meal and 100% soybean meal); F100 (with 100% cashew meal and 0% soybean meal); F75 (with 75% cashew meal and 25% soybean meal); F50 (with 50% cashew meal and 50% soybean meal); F25 (with 25% cashew meal and 75% soybean meal) for broiler chickens Five (5) batches of 60 chicks (Cobb 500) of 5 days of age and not sexed were fed the 5 diets (F0, F100, F75, F50 and F25) for 6 weeks. Five (5) chickens per batch were slaughtered to determine carcass characteristics, organ weights and organoleptic evaluation. The incorporation of cashew oilcake in the poultry diet significantly (P<0.05) modified the carcass yield of the broilers. Lot F25 showed the best yield with 86.66%, followed by the control lot F0 (84.01%), then lot F50 (78.65%), lot F75 (77.03%) and finally lot F100 (73.43%). In contrast, organ yields (liver, gizzard, heart, lung and intestine) and abdominal fat of the experimental chickens did not differ significantly from the controls. The formulated experimental rations had no depressive effects on organ development with a very low mortality rate (1.67-3.33%). Organoleptically, the colour of the meat of batches F50 and F25 was judged to be white in agreement with the control batch F0, in contrast to batches F75 and F100, which were judged by the panelists to be neither red nor white and red respectively. Secondly, the meat of the chickens fed with the F100, F75 and F25 rations was judged more succulent respectively with a score of 4/5; 3.9/5 and 3.74/5 by the panel compared to the F0 control (3.19/5). In addition, the panel judged the meat from batches F100 and F75 to be less tender with scores of 2.77/5 and 3.35/5 respectively, and those from batches F50 (3.97/5) and F25 (4.48/5) to be more tender compared to the control batch F0 (3.81/5). Overall, the meat from the five (5) lots was judged good by all consumers. However, the meat from the batches of poultry that consumed cashew cake-based rations was much more appreciated by the panelists, especially batch F25. In sum, cashew oil cakes can be used in broiler feed.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133454047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing trader’s participation in small scale hides and skin business in the leather value chain, among non-pastoralist","authors":"Ruth Mwenje Lumarai, George Owuor, Edith Gathungu","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Hides and skin, the by-product from cattle and small ruminants (livestock production) forms an important business from the meat industry. Through value addition, the hides and skin are processed to leather. It is the main economic activity in both high potential, Arid and Semi-Arid regions and on small scale in other regions of Kenya. The objectives of this study were to determine the development and sustainability of the leather sector among the non-pastoralist communities. The study was carried out in Nakuru County (0.4254° S, 36.0023° E). Purposive random sampling technique of 100 respondents drawn from 10 sub-counties was used. Both primary and secondary data were used. Key informant interviews and percentiles were used to determine the challenges facing traders in the hides and skin industry. The multinomial logit model was used to determine the factors influencing the participation of the hides and skin traders in the leather sector and combination of the Gross Margin (GM) and the Endogenous Switching Regression (ESR) model to evaluate the impact of the hides and skin business to the income of traders. The main challenge that affects hides and skin traders is fluctuating prices at 56% and the lowest being poor condition of their working premise at 2%. This is a type of business that is passed on from one generation to another because most traders are middle aged or elderly (>45 years old). 35% indicated that their main reason for starting the business was family and had over 10 years’ experience. The study also showed that ownership of registered business earns more income by $18 and on the contrary a reduction of income by $54. In conclusion proper utilization of hides and skin will not only earn income to the traders but will also minimize on wastage of a useful resource which is by-product from livestock industry that supports a valuable leather industry.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131323824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic pattern of the ST 61 cluster of the Cameroon family among Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains collected during the CANTAM I project in Cameroon","authors":"G.T. Tchoupe Alix Kevine, Assam Assam JP, Lionel Ulrich Tiani, Génévieve Andoseh, Ngono Ngane R.A, Penlap Beng V","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0047","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most outstanding diseases in global health concern. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC) strains. ST 61, a cluster of the LAM10_CAM family has been shown to be the most prevalent cluster implicated in TB transmission in Cameroon. The present study is aimed at revealing the most discriminative loci applied to this cluster and investigating the genetic pattern in the ST 61 cluster clinical samples. This was a 12 month cross- sectional study that included 45 randomly selected clinical specimens previously collected during the CANTAM 1 project. Following DNA extraction, amplification of 12-locus Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit-Variable Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis (MIRU 40, ETR A, QUB 26, Mtub 39, QUB 4156, MIRU26, MIRU 31, MIRU 16, MIRU 02, MIRU 04, MIRU 23, and MIRU 27) PCR assay and gel electrophoresis were performed. The amplicon sizes, the allele assignations, the allelic pattern and the technic discriminative potential were determined using MIRU-VNTR plus web application and a dendogram was generated. 45% genetic pattern, and 66,6% clustering rate were reported. Overall, ETR A, MIRU 4, MIRU 16, MIRU 23, MIRU 27 revealed as the most discriminating loci applied to the cluster ST 61. The identification of the most discriminative locus ETRA, MIRU 4, MIRU 16, MIRU 23, and MIRU 27 applied to a precise cluster is a safe economic and time gain option to enhance the difference between strains at the cluster level.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128502810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type-specific HPV incidence and clinical spectrum of lesions induced by high-risk oncogenic HPV types among study participants in Eastern Uganda","authors":"Emmanuel Eilu, Charity Basaza Mulenga, John Charles Okiria, Charles Drago Kato, Ismail Abiola Adebayo","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Different studies show that high-risk HPV genotypes are the main etiological agents for cervical cancer development and cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. In Uganda, cervical malignancies due to human papillomavirus (HPV) are predominant among sexually active women. However, data on the incidence and clinical spectrum of lesions associated with high-risk HPV infection is inadequate. The current study was aimed to determine incidence and clinical spectrum of lesions induced by high-risk oncogenic HPV types among study participants in Eastern Uganda. We piloted a prospective follow-up study among 1,077 women aged 15-55 years to assess the incidence and clinical spectrum of lesions associated with human papillomavirus infections (HPV). HPV Real-Time PCR using HPV High-Risk Screen Real-TM Quant 2x kit (Sacace, Biotechnologies, Italy) was used for genotyping high-risk HPV types. Four hundred and sixteen (416) of 1,077 (38.6%) women were monitored for an average time of 18 months (inter-quartile range 9.6-26.6). Forty-three (43) women had incident HPV infections during 214 person-years of follow-up reflecting an incidence rate of 20.1 per 100 person-years. Incident HPV infections were marginally associated with HIV positivity (RR = 3.0, 95% CI: 0.8 - 8.2) and usage of oral contraceptives (RR=2.6, 95% CI: 1.4 - 2.8) but not with the age of study subjects, or number sexual partners. Clearance for high-risk HPV infections was frequently ranging between 37.5% and 100.0% for high-risk types. Only 41.3% of women cleared all their infections. Clearance was associated with HIV negativity (Adjusted clearance = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2 - 0.8) but not with age at study entry or oral contraceptive usage. Incident HPV infections and clearance of HPV type-specific infections were common among study participants. We also found a high prevalence of high-risk HPV types in cervical lesions, which reveals an association between cervical lesions and high-risk HPV types.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"464 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115628096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The knowledge of infant CPR among parents visiting Maternity and Children Hospital (MCH) in Al –Ahsa, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Sakinah Al Shayeb, Abdrabalreda Al May, Jawed Al Mutawa, Hassan Al Ghareeb, Abdul Hadi Al Shawakir, Ali Al hussain","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) is a medical procedure that anyone can learn which can help to save a life in the event of a medical emergency. Resuscitation Council UK report that for every minute that a person in cardiac arrest does not receive CPR its survival chance drops by up to 10%. However, an inadequate public awareness and knowledge of infant and pediatric CPR have been documented. Therefore, parents and caregiver should be educated about infant CPR which can help in correctly implementing it and save the life of infant. This study was conducted on the mothers attending the MCH for the baby care is to assess their knowledge on infant CPR skill. Material and methods: This was a Cross sectional study conducted at Maternity and Children Hospital (MCH) in AL- Ahsa. All the parents visiting MCH with their children for the treatment were the study population. The website Raosoft was used to calculate the sample size (n=284). Convenient sampling technique was used to collect the sample. Pretested and predesigned self-reported questionnaire from the previous regional study was distributed to the selected sample participants. The data were entered and analyzed by using the SPSS; version 21. Descriptive statistics were presented using counts, proportions (%), mean ± standard deviation whenever appropriate. Descriptive statistics (e.g. number, percentage) and analytic statistics using Chi Square tests (χ2) to test for the association and/or the difference between two categorical variables were applied. A p-value equal to or less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 254 out of 284 subjects responded the questionnaires. The mean age of the participants was 38.65 years ± Std. Dev. 9.90 years .The majority of the participants (61.0%) were graduate Almost sixteen percent (15.7%) of the participants had family history of heart disease. Fifty percent of the participants had attended the CPR course. An overwhelming majority of the participants (87.0%) were willing to take a short course of infant CPR if it is available in MCH. The mean knowledge sore in infant CPR of the participants was 2.42 ± Std.Dev.1.33 (Range 00-6). More than forty one percent of the participants had poor knowledge regarding Infant CPR while 58.7% had good knowledge. As educational qualification increased the percent of good knowledge significantly also increased .The participants who did not have the family history of cardiac disease were having significantly good knowledge about infant(P=0.01).Those participants who had attended infant CPR course had significantly higher knowledge score than those who did not attend the infant CPR course (76.37% vs.40.94%, P=0.000) Those participants who were not willing to take a short course of infant CPR had significantly better knowledge score on infant CPR as compared to those participants who were willing to join the course on infant CPR (69.69% vs.57.01%,P=0.021). Conclusion: The present stu","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124151670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting the M-Ras and B/C-Raf kinases by allosteric druglike inhibitors for cancer therapy","authors":"Nicholas A. Nesh","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0028","url":null,"abstract":"Presented here is a computational design of druglike allosteric inhibitors of the M-Ras, B-Raf, and C-Raf kinases. The Ras and Raf kinases are important for cell proliferation. Their mutations can lead to cancer formation. MAPK pathways, important in the cell cycle, are stimulated when Ras activates Raf. Numerous drugs are MAPK inhibitors. Yet, bypass signaling is often established, causing drug resistance. B-Raf inhibitors efficiently inhibit certain MAPK kinases. Nevertheless, they can also activate C-Raf in Ras-mutated cancers, so their signaling is switched from B-Raf to C-Raf. M-Ras can bypass other mutated Ras kinases, leading to cancer advancement. Thus, M-Ras and B/C-Raf are desirable drug targets. Most inhibitors attach to the kinases’ catalytic sites. Since these sites are similar in kinases, they are hard to target selectively. Allosteric sites differ in kinases, which allows selective binding. The M-Ras, B-Raf, and C-Raf allosteric binding sites were studied in the Deep View program. New small-molecule inhibitors were designed by systematic atomic substitutions in known inhibitors. The Data Warrior and Molinspiration programs calculated druglike properties of the designed molecules. The molecules with the best druglike properties and no toxicities were docked in ArgusLab. Their binding energies were found. One of the designed molecules bonded well allosterically to B-Raf, C-Raf, and M-Ras and had better druglike properties than the known single-kinase inhibitors. These findings, combined with earlier experimental studies, indicate the molecule designed here may be an effective allosteric inhibitor of all three kinases, and may offer enhanced therapies for cancers with Raf or Ras mutations.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"1029 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123128682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality among pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia in Omdurman Maternity hospital, Sudan","authors":"Rowda Ali Musa Musa, Alya Yousif Abdalla Mohamed","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0030","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maternal mortality and morbidity are one of the biggest problems worldwide. Every day approximately 830 women die from preventable causes related to pregnancy and child birth. Ninety nine percent of these deaths occur in developing countries of which more than half are in sub Saharan Africa and one third in South Asia. Preeclampsia may lead to prematurity, still birth, intrauterine growth retardation and perinatal death. Consequently early diagnosis of preeclampsia and close observation are imperative. Despite advances in medical practice pre-eclampsia still remains a leading cause of maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality.This study was conducted at Omdurman Maternity Hospital (OMH) in Sudan to assess the mortality and morbidity among the pre-eclampsia mothers admitted for delivery and among the babies delivered to them Material and methods: It was a prospective cross sectional hospital based study conducted at Omdurman Maternity Hospital (OMH) in Sudan. All the pregnant women with preeclampsia who delivered during June – December 2020 in the hospital were the study population. Sample size was calculated by using this equation, N = Z2X P (1-P) e2, Where N = Sample Size. Z = Value 1.96., P = Prevalence. Total 97 women meeting the inclusion criteria was the sample size. Systematic sampling method was applied to collect the files of women admitted in preeclampsia ward. Data were retrieved from the files of the patients which consisted of sociodemographic information, medical and obstetric history, family history, factors associated with preeclampsia and the outcome of the treatment, maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality. The data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS, version 21 .Descriptive statistics were presented using counts, proportions (%), and mean ± standard deviation whenever appropriate. The comparison study was done by using chi square. A p-value cut off point of 0.05 at 95% CI was used to determine statistical significance. Results: The data from the files of 97 patients with preeclampsia were retrieved for the analysis. Majority of them were in the age group of 20 years or less Almost fifty percent (N=48) were nulliparous while 20.6 %( N=20) were having 2 children, 12.4% having three children and 17.5% had 4 and more children. The gestational age of majority of the patients (64.9%) attending the hospital was between 36-38 weeks. Only 19.6% of the patients were having past history of pre-eclampsia. Ninety nine percent of the patients did not have the family history of preeclampsia. Thirty seven percent of the patients were suffering from severe hypertension at admission while thirty eight percent were suffering from moderate hypertension and only 24.7% were suffering from mild hypertension. The blood pressure at the time of delivery was recorded as normal among the 9.30% of the patients, while mild among 26.80% moderately high among 29.9% and very high among 33% of the patients. As far as the investigations","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128142918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting land-use landcover changes in a protected area conservancy using geospatial technology","authors":"Kunedzimwe Francisca, Taru Philip, Goronga Ashton","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the present and future changes in land-use landcover of the Midlands Rhino Conservancy which is a protected area with mining activities. A GIS and Remote Sensing approach was used for detecting change in the protected area. A thirty-year time of 1980-2020 shows a major land use change, with agricultural activities increasing within the protected area. The projected results help to detect the future changes that might occur under the same case scenario in the protected area. Agricultural activities increased with 20%., Alternatively, there is a decrease in vegetation cover from 60% to 15%, built up increased from 0.03% to 0,08%. The reasons for the change detection such as (for monitoring habitat disturbance among others) have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123623437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo anti-salmonella activities of methanol extract of Harungana madagascariensis (Hypericaceae) and its toxicological evaluation","authors":"Azaber Masoohe Ma Moune, Fabrice Herve Njike Ngamga, Aristide Laurel Mokale Kognou, Sandrine Suzanne Beack Bayengue, Landry Lienou Lienou, Fabrice Fabien Dongho Dongmo, Colette Elysée Aboudi Etono, Cédric Laurel Cidjeu Pouaha, Boris Simo Noutsa, Alix Kevine Tchoupe, Raphael Tchientcheu, Mylene Laure Hopogap Mouageu, Rebecca Madeleine Ebelle Etame, Rosalie Anne Ngono Ngane","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0031","url":null,"abstract":"The decline in efficiency and the frequent toxicity effects observed with antibiotics urge researchers to investigate medicinal plant-based therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-salmonella activity of the methanol extract of Harungana madagascariensis, a plant commonly used in Cameroon by traditional healers. Thirty Wistar albinos male were divided into six groups (normal control, negative control, positive control and three test groups). Test groups received the plant extract at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight (b.w). The disease evolution and treatment effectiveness were monitored by feces culture from the second-day post-infection until the end of the treatment. In addition, the effects of treatment on growth performances and feed conversion efficiency of rats were evaluated. The extract significantly affected the number of viable Salmonella typhimurium recovered from feces and could stop salmonellosis after 12 days of treatment. The hematological parameters were assessed after infection and treatment. The biological parameter and some serum and tissue oxidative stress markers were also evaluated. Moreover, the plant extract increased the weight of infected rats and normalized levels of TCMH (3.06; 2.83 and 3.16 Pg), CCMH (30.00; 26.66 and 20.00 g/dL) and lymphocytes (3.20; 3.20 and 3.10 μL). The results indicate that the extract of Harungana madagascariensis could be potentially used in salmonellosis treatment.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132161230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing organisms and its antibiotic resistance pattern among Enterobacteriaceae isolates in a teaching hospital of Eastern India","authors":"Soma Mondal, Avijit Mondal, Abhijit Basak","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been responsible for innumerable outbreaks of infection throughout the world and are becoming a real challenge to control the spread of infection. Aim To determine the prevalence of ESBL producing organisms among Enterobacteriaceae isolated from different clinical samples and to detect their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Material and Methods The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and JNM hospital. A total of 241 samples showing pure growth of Enterobacteriaceae were included in the study. Identification followed by antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed according to CLSI guidelines. Organisms showing reduced susceptibility to third generation cephalosporins were further tested by double disc synergy test to detect ESBL production and those ESBL screening positive isolates were further tested by Phenotypic confirmatory test according to CLSI 2019 guidelines. Results: Prevalence of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae was found to be 31.04% with the highest rate among E.coli (34.5%) followed by K. pneumoniae (27.6%). and P. mirabilis (24.2%) .All the ESBL isolates were sensitive to meropenem and imipenem. Nitrofurantoin (84.2%) was found to be most effective drug for ESBL isolates from urine samples. Among β-Lactam/ β-Lactam inhibitor drugs, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was found to be less sensitive compared to cefoperazone/sulbactam (67%) . Most of the ESBL isolates were found to be multidrug resistant. Conclusion: Screening of all the gram-negative organisms for ESBL detection and judicial use of antibiotics as per sensitivity report is utmost important to prevent the spread of resistance strains in the community as well as in hospital. Formulation of infection control committee in every hospital may help to combat the present situation.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123515869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}