{"title":"Green Tea Leaves and Rosemary Extracts Selectively Induce Cell Death in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells and Enhance the Efficacy of Common Chemotherapeutics","authors":"Chris Raad, Abby Raad, Siyaram Pandey","doi":"10.1155/2024/9458716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9458716","url":null,"abstract":"While incredible medical advancements in chemotherapeutics development for cancer treatment have been made, the majority of these are not selective in their mechanism of action, leading to adverse effects. Given the systemic toxicity associated with these therapies, they are not well suited for long-term use. Natural health products, or NHPs, may provide a way to selectively target the oxidative and metabolic vulnerabilities in cancer cells. White tea (<i>Camelia sinensis</i>) and rosemary (<i>Salvia rosmarinus</i>) are two natural extracts that have been studied extensively for their medicinal properties. However, their anticancer activity and mechanism of action are yet to be fully elucidated. We have examined the extracts’ cancer cell-killing ability as well as their interactions with common chemotherapeutics in MDA-MB-231 cells, a triple-negative breast cancer cell line, <i>in vitro</i>. Cell death measurement, morphological and biochemical characterization of apoptotic cell death, mechanisms of action (mitochondrial depolarization and oxidative stress), and immunofluorescence assays to estimate the percentage of cancer stem cells (CSCs) were performed following treatment with Synthite tea extract (STE) and rosemary extract (RE), provided by Synthite Industries Limited alone and in combination with cisplatin and paclitaxel. The key findings in this study are that STE and RE alone demonstrated very efficient anticancer activity against TNBC, and more importantly, the administration of the extracts in conjunction with cisplatin and paclitaxel sensitizes cancer cells to achieve enhanced cell death. In addition, CSCs were found to be sensitive to treatment with STE alone and in combination with RE and exhibited greater sensitivity to combination therapies compared to chemotherapeutic alone. The significance of these observations is that STE and RE, well-tolerated NHPs, have the potential to enhance the efficacy of current chemotherapeutics when combined, as well as prevent relapse for TNBC.","PeriodicalId":12236,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139579316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of the Short-Form Yin Deficiency Scale Using Three Item Reduction Approaches","authors":"Young-Jae Park, Ji-Myung Ok","doi":"10.1155/2024/5533815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5533815","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. Yin deficiency (YD) is a pathological condition characterized by emaciation, afternoon fever, dry mouth, and night sweats. The incidence of YD is 23.3%. A 27-item Yin Deficiency Scale (YDS) was developed to estimate the clinical severity of YD. This study aimed to develop three short-form YDS versions to reduce the burden of response time, using three item-reduction approaches: Rasch, equidiscriminatory item-total correlation (EITC), and factor-based analyses. <i>Methods</i>. Two datasets were analyzed from previous studies (169 outpatients from May to June 2009 and 237 healthy college students from January to April 2016). The optimal response category was examined using Rasch analysis. Items with higher item-total correlations were determined using the EITC. Using a factor-based approach, the items were reduced, while maintaining the original YDS construct. Reliability was estimated using the person separation index (PSI) and Cronbach’s <i>α</i> values. The predictive accuracy was examined using the area under the curve (AUC). Finally, the relationship between YD and dysfunctional breathing (DB) was examined using factor scores from the YDS and the Korean version of the Nijmegen Questionnaire (KNQ). <i>Results</i>. We developed two 14-item YDS versions using the Rasch and EITC approaches, and a 16-item YDS version using a factor-based approach. Rasch analysis suggested an optimal response category of five points. The PSI of Rasch and Cronbach’s <i>α</i> of the EITC and factor-based versions were 2.19, 0.855, and 0.827. The AUCs of the three short-form YDS were 0.812, 0.811, and 0.818. The sensitivity of the EITC-YDS was 0.632, which was lower than its specificity of 0.875. The fatigue-related scores of the factor-based YDS were fairly correlated with the factor scores of the KNQ estimating the DB (<i>r</i> = 0.349–0.499). <i>Conclusion</i>. The 14-item Rasch- and 16-item factor-based YDS may replace the original YDS during YD’s primary screening, epidemiological surveys, and health checkups.","PeriodicalId":12236,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139499064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeinab Shaki, Farzaneh Ghaffari, Fatemeh Alijaniha, Mohammad Kamalinejad, Anoshiravan Kazemnejad, Babak Daneshfard, Mohsen Naseri, Mohammad Reza Heidari
{"title":"Effect of Dill (Anethum graveolens) Oil on Pruritus and Quality of Life of Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Three-Arm Controlled Trial","authors":"Zeinab Shaki, Farzaneh Ghaffari, Fatemeh Alijaniha, Mohammad Kamalinejad, Anoshiravan Kazemnejad, Babak Daneshfard, Mohsen Naseri, Mohammad Reza Heidari","doi":"10.1155/2024/3077603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3077603","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Introduction</i>. <i>Anethum graveolens</i> (AG), commonly known as dill, is a plant from the Apiaceae family that has been traditionally used as a skin softener and purifying agent in Persian medicine. In a previous study conducted on male rats, dill was found to have anti-inflammatory effects. The current study aimed to examine the efficacy of topical application of <i>Anethum graveolens</i> oil on pruritus severity, skin dryness, sleep quality, and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis. <i>Methods</i>. In the current clinical trial, the participants were randomly assigned to one of these groups: topical AG preparation, sesame oil, or a control group receiving no treatment. The study was double-blind and placebo-controlled. The topical treatment was applied twice a day for one month to areas of the skin affected by pruritus. The outcome measures included the severity of skin dryness, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Duo’s Uremic Pruritus Severity Scale, and the Itchy QoL questionnaire. <i>Results</i>. This study involved 106 hemodialysis patients, and after intervention for one month, the medication group had a significantly lower mean score of sleep quality (3.24 ± 2.41) than the placebo (4.54 ± 3.11) and control (5.05 ± 3.21) groups (<span><svg height=\"8.8423pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2064009pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 8.8423\" width=\"19.289pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"8.8423pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2064009pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.8711838 -8.6359 28.182 8.8423\" width=\"28.182pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.605,0)\"></path></g></svg>).</span></span> The mean change in pruritus severity was significantly greater in the medication group (−17.28 ± 8.938) than the placebo (−5.91 ± 5.398) and control (−3.43 ± 3.228) groups (<span><svg height=\"9.2729pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.6370001pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 9.2729\" width=\"19.289pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-81\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"9.2729pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.6370001pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.8711838 -8.6359 28.182 9.2729\" width=\"28.182pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)\"","PeriodicalId":12236,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139475293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health Risk Assessment of Metals in Antidiabetic Herbal Preparations: A Safety Screening","authors":"Nazmul Islam, Rausan Zamir, Md. Omar Faruque","doi":"10.1155/2024/6507185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6507185","url":null,"abstract":"The present study evaluates the human health risk of metals in locally consumed herbal preparations used to treat diabetes. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used after microwave-assisted digestion to mineralize the samples. Toxic metal assessment was done by adopting mathematical modeling for carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks in the exposed population and comparing the raw results with maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by regulatory authorities. Hazard quotient (HQ) values for Fe, Hg, Cu, Pb, and Zn were recorded above 1. Noncarcinogenic health risks remain in 29% of samples for Fe, 67% of samples for Hg, 17% of samples for Cu, 33% of samples for Pb, and 4% of samples for Zn. Hazard index (HI) values in 33% of samples were above 1. Carcinogenic risks for Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni were higher than the acceptable limit (1 × 10<sup>−6</sup>). Carcinogenic health risks exist in 54% of samples for Pb, 58% of samples for Cr, 46% of samples for Cd, and 58% of samples for Ni. MRLs for metals were crossed in samples in varying degrees. This is a harrowing account and may put public health safety at risk. Considering these facts, there should be more investigation into toxic metals in other frequently marketed herbal drugs in the antidiabetic and other therapeutic classes. Pre- and postmarket monitoring strategies for the preparations should also be in place to ensure safe consumption.","PeriodicalId":12236,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139462658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji-Yeong Park, Min-Jong Kim, Young-Ae Choi, Yeon-Yong Kim, Soyoung Lee, Jae-Min Chung, Sang-Yong Kim, Gil-Saeng Jeong, Sang-Hyun Kim
{"title":"Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Clematis terniflora Leaf on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury","authors":"Ji-Yeong Park, Min-Jong Kim, Young-Ae Choi, Yeon-Yong Kim, Soyoung Lee, Jae-Min Chung, Sang-Yong Kim, Gil-Saeng Jeong, Sang-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.1155/2024/6653893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6653893","url":null,"abstract":"For centuries, natural products are regarded as vital medicines for human survival. <i>Clematis terniflora</i> var. <i>mandshurica</i> (Rupr.) Ohwi is an ingredient of the herbal medicine, Wei Ling Xian, which has been used in Chinese medicine to alleviate pain, fever, and inflammation. In particular, <i>C. terniflora</i> leaves have been used to cure various inflammatory diseases, including tonsillitis, cholelithiasis, and conjunctivitis. Based on these properties, this study aimed to scientifically investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of an ethanol extract of leaves of <i>C. terniflora</i> (EELCT) using activated macrophages that play central roles in inflammatory response. In this study, EELCT inhibited the essential inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i>, interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-1<i>β</i>, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, by suppressing the nuclear factor-<i>κ</i>B and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in macrophages. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a fatal respiratory disease accompanied by serious inflammation. With high mortality rate, the disease has no effective treatments. Therefore, new therapeutic agents must be developed for ALI. We expected that EELCT can be a promising therapeutic agent for ALI by reducing inflammatory responses and evaluated its action in a lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced ALI model. EELCT alleviated histological changes, immune cell infiltration, inflammatory mediator production, and protein-rich pulmonary edema during ALI. Collectively, our results may explain the traditional usage of <i>C. terniflora</i> in inflammatory diseases and suggest the promising potential of EELCT as therapeutic candidate for ALI.","PeriodicalId":12236,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139409412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Silico and In Vitro Studies of Antibacterial Activity of Cow Urine Distillate (CUD)","authors":"LokRaj Pant, Shankar Thapa, Bibek Dahal, Ravindra Khadka, Mahalakshmi Suresha Biradar","doi":"10.1155/2024/1904763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1904763","url":null,"abstract":"Cow urine distillate (CUD) is a traditional Indian medicine used to treat various diseases, including bacterial infections. However, there is limited evidence to support its use as a medicine, and its safety and efficacy have not been thoroughly studied. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial activity of CUD against five bacterial strains using in vitro and in silico approaches. In vitro experiments showed that CUD has significant antibacterial activity against all tested strains with a zone of inhibition (ZOI) ranging from 13 to 24 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 12.5 to 50 <i>µ</i>g/ml. The results indicated that the 15% concentration of CUD displayed the highest antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Salmonella typhi</i>. To further investigate the antibacterial mechanism of CUD, we performed in silico docking studies of the active compounds of CUD with bacterial proteins involved in protein synthesis. Our results showed that 2-hydroxycinnamic acid (Δ<i>G</i> = −6.9 kcal/mol) and ferulic acid (Δ<i>G</i> = −6.8 kcal/mol) exhibited the best docking scores with the targeted proteins (DNA gyrase, PDBID: 4KFG). The hydrogen bonding interaction with amino acids Val71 and Asp73 was found to be crucial for their antibacterial activity.","PeriodicalId":12236,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139398430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emanoeli da Rosa, Cheila Denise Ottonelli Stopiglia, Michel Mansur Machado, Augusto Cezar Dotta Filho, Ursula Paula Reno Soci, Andreas Sebastian Loureiro Mendez, Tiago Fernandes, Edilamar Menezes de Oliveira, Cleci Menezes Moreira
{"title":"Phytochemistry Profile, Antimicrobial and Antitumor Potential of the Methanolic Extract of Tabernaemontana catharinensis A DC and Eragrostis plana NEES","authors":"Emanoeli da Rosa, Cheila Denise Ottonelli Stopiglia, Michel Mansur Machado, Augusto Cezar Dotta Filho, Ursula Paula Reno Soci, Andreas Sebastian Loureiro Mendez, Tiago Fernandes, Edilamar Menezes de Oliveira, Cleci Menezes Moreira","doi":"10.1155/2024/5513141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5513141","url":null,"abstract":"Natural compounds that have the potential to act as antimicrobials and antitumors are a constant search in the field of pharmacotherapy. <i>Eragrostis plana</i> NEES (Poaceae) is a grass with high allelopathic potential. Allelopathy is associated with compounds generated in the primary and secondary metabolism of the plant, which act to protect it from phytopathogens. <i>Tabernaemontana catharinensis</i> A DC (Apocynaceae), a tree in which its leaves and bark are used for the preparation of extracts and infusions that have anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects, is attributed to its phytochemical constitution. The objective of this study was to elucidate the phytochemical constitution, the antibacterial potential, the toxicity against immune system cells, hemolytic potential, and antitumor effect of methanolic extracts of <i>E. plana</i> and <i>T. catharinensis.</i> The phytochemical investigation was carried out using the UHPLC-QTOF MS equipment. The antibacterial activity was tested using the broth microdilution plate assay, against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, and cytotoxicity assays were performed on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and <i>in vitro</i> hemolysis. Antitumor activity was performed against the colon cancer cell line (CT26). Results were expressed as mean and standard deviation and analyzed by ANOVA. <span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782\" width=\"18.973pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.555183800000002 -8.34882 21.921 11.7782\" width=\"21.921pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)\"></path></g></svg></span> was considered significant. More than 19 possible phytochemical constituents were identified for each plant, with emphasis on phenolic compounds (acids: vanillic, caffeic, and quinic) and alkaloids (alstovenine, rhyncophylline, amezepine, voacangine, and coronaridine). Both extracts showed antibacterial activity at concentrations below 500 <i>µ</i>g/mL and were able to decrease the viability of CT26 at concentrations below 2000 <i>µ</i>g/mL, without showing cytotoxic effect on PBMCs and <i>in vitro</i> hemolysis at the highest concentration tested. This is the first report of the activity of <i>E. plana</i> and <i>T. catharinensis</i> extracts against colon cancer cell line (CT26). Studies should be carried out to verify possible molecular targets involved in the antitum","PeriodicalId":12236,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139083019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Reproductive Stage Withania somnifera Leaf and Stem on HepG2 Cell Line","authors":"Lali Lingfa, Aravinda Tirumala, Srinivas Ankanagari","doi":"10.1155/2023/8832166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8832166","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. The ayurvedic plant <i>Withania somnifera</i>, a member of the Solanaceae family, has been used as a remedy for diverse health problems, including cancer. <i>Objectives</i>. The objective of this investigation was to conduct a comparative analysis of the <i>in vitro</i> cytotoxic properties of methanolic extracts derived from the leaf, stem, and root of <i>W. somnifera</i> on HepG2 and L929 cell lines. <i>Methods</i>. Methanolic extracts were obtained using the Soxhlet extraction method. To assess the <i>in vitro</i> anticancer action on the HepG2 and L929 cell lines, an MTT assay was performed. Changes in cell morphology were observed using an inverted microscope. <i>Results</i>. The MTT assay results indicated that the leaf, stem, and root methanolic extracts of <i>W. somnifera</i> showed significantly higher <i>in vitro</i> cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells, with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 43.06 ± 0.615, 45.60 ± 0.3, and 314.4 ± 0.795 <i>μ</i>g/mL than in L929 cell lines with 78.77 ± 0.795, 90.55 ± 0.800, and 361.70 ± 0.795 <i>μ</i>g/mL, respectively. The leaf methanolic extract was the most effective, followed by the stem methanolic extract in the HepG2 cell line. <i>Conclusion</i>. The results of our study have confirmed that the methanolic extracts of both the leaf and stem of <i>W. somnifera</i> exhibit significant <i>in vitro</i> cytotoxicity in HepG2 cell lines, while displaying no significant cytotoxicity in the L929 cell line. Furthermore, the data obtained from the MTT assay indicate that the leaf methanolic extract possesses a more potent cytotoxic activity than the stem methanolic extract with respect to the HepG2 cell line. Further studies on the identification and isolation of bioactive metabolites are required to explore the mechanisms underlying their <i>in vitro</i> cytotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":12236,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139055968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuel Ansong, Desmond Nkrumah, Reinhard Isaac Nketia, Samuel Oppong Bekoe, Abena Amponsaa Brobbey, Evelyn Asante-Kwatia, Gustav Komlaga
{"title":"Antimalarial Properties of Sida cordifolia L. Leaf Extract in Mice: Survivability Depends Less on Parasitaemia Suppression","authors":"Samuel Ansong, Desmond Nkrumah, Reinhard Isaac Nketia, Samuel Oppong Bekoe, Abena Amponsaa Brobbey, Evelyn Asante-Kwatia, Gustav Komlaga","doi":"10.1155/2023/5560711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5560711","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Sida cordifolia</i> has been used to treat malaria in Ghana albeit without scientific evidence of antimalarial activity and safety. This work aimed to assess the antimalarial properties and acute toxicity of the aqueous leaf extract of <i>S. cordifolia</i> in murine models. Aqueous extract of the plant was analysed for both suppressive and curative antimalarial properties in chloroquine-sensitive ANKA strains of rodent <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>-infected mice. Acute toxicity evaluation was performed in rats according to the OECD 425 guidelines. The extract displayed antiplasmodial activity <i>in vivo</i> with ED<sub>50</sub> of 117.49 ± 15.22 mg/kg and 144.84 ± 18.17 mg/kg in suppressive and curative studies, respectively. The highest % parasitaemia suppression exerted was 76.90 ± 0.64% and 61.50 ± 0.97%, respectively, in the suppressive and curative studies. Survival of infected mice treated with the extract was significantly prolonged. This was dependent on the dose of the extract but imperfectly related to the % parasitaemia suppression. Related antimalarial parameters including percentage hematocrit, changes in body weight, and temperature of experimental mice indicated alleviation of malarial symptoms of treated animals. The extract did not show toxicity in rats. <i>Sida cordifolia</i> L. has antimalarial properties, and was safe. It suppressed parasitaemia in both suppressive and curative studies, was not toxic to animals and prolonged the life of infected animals under treatment. This, therefore, justifies the traditional use of <i>S. cordifolia</i> for the treatment of malaria in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":12236,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139022460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katiana Simões Lopes, A. A. M. Marques, Karyne Garcia Tafarelo Moreno, A. C. dos Santos, R. I. Souza, E. Lourenço, Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira, R. Gomes, F. Lívero, A. Gasparotto Júnior
{"title":"Cardioprotective Effects of Solidago microglossa DC. in Nicotine-Treated Hypertensive Rats","authors":"Katiana Simões Lopes, A. A. M. Marques, Karyne Garcia Tafarelo Moreno, A. C. dos Santos, R. I. Souza, E. Lourenço, Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira, R. Gomes, F. Lívero, A. Gasparotto Júnior","doi":"10.1155/2023/6611569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6611569","url":null,"abstract":"Solidago microglossa DC. (Asteraceae), “arnica brasileira,” is a Brazilian species popularly used to treat hypertension or renal ailments. This study investigated the cardioprotective effects of standardized S. microglossa extract (EESM) in nicotine-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Moreover, the molecular mechanisms involved in the cardiovascular effects were also investigated. The acute toxicity was evaluated in female Wistar rats. Afterwards, six-month-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats received the EESM (14, 28, and 56 mg/kg), hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/kg), and vehicle (filtered water; 0.1 mL/100 g) once daily for 28 days. All treatments were associated with 1.8 mg/kg of nicotine. At the end of the experimental period, the renal function, electrocardiographic profile, blood pressure, ventricular function, biochemical parameter, and mesenteric vascular bed reactivity were evaluated. Relative organ weights and cardiac morphometry were also investigated. Nicotine treatment in 6-month-old SHRs induced a significant reduction in renal function, with reduced urinary volume and lower renal elimination of sodium and creatinine. In addition, serum markers of the redox state and blood pressure levels remained significantly elevated, contributing to changes in vascular reactivity and left ventricular hypertrophy associated with reduced ventricular function. After 28 days of treatment, we found that the highest dose of EESM could mitigate all renal and cardiovascular changes developed by the nicotine-treated hypertensive rats. This study presented EESM as a possible cardioprotective drug that prevents cardiovascular dysfunctions in nicotine-treated hypertensive rats. Our data suggest EESM as a potential adjuvant therapy when cardioprotective effects are required.","PeriodicalId":12236,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}