Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Trial: The Effects of Emulsifiers in the Food Supply on Disease Activity in Crohn's Disease: An Exploratory Double‐Blinded Randomised Feeding Trial","authors":"Jessica A. Fitzpatrick, Peter R. Gibson, Kirstin M. Taylor, Ellen J. Anderson, Antony B. Friedman, Zaid S. Ardalan, Rebecca L. Smith, Emma P. Halmos","doi":"10.1111/apt.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70041","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundAdvice to avoid dietary emulsifiers in Crohn's disease (CD) is based on preclinical data.AimsTo examine the effect of diets high (HED) and low (LED) in emulsifiers in the food supply on disease activity in CD.MethodsIn a double‐blinded, randomised feeding study, we randomised adults with symptomatic, sonographically active CD with ileal involvement on ≥ 2 months' stable medical therapy to 4 weeks of a HED or LED modelled on Australian healthy eating guidelines. We measured the Harvey‐Bradshaw Index (HBI), sonographic indices (IBUS‐SAS, bowel wall thickness), quality of life (QOL) and fatigue at baseline and study completion.ResultsWe randomised 24 patients, mean age 37 (95% CI 32, 41) years, 12 male, HBI 6 (6, 8), bowel wall thickness 6.0 (5.5–6.6) mm. Adherence was &gt; 95%. Clinical remission (HBI &lt; 5) occurred in 9/12 on HED and 7/12 on LED; 2 and 3, respectively, withdrew early with increasing gastrointestinal symptoms. IBUS‐SAS fell from 51 (35, 68) to 33 (15, 51) on HED (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.014) and from 57 (38, 76) to 44 (29, 59) on LED (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.01). Bowel wall thickness reduced by 34% on HED and 15% on LED in those who completed the study. QOL and fatigue improved on both diets (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in outcomes between diets.ConclusionsIn the context of a healthy diet, the emulsifier content had no influence over disease activity over 4 weeks in patients with CD. Recommendations to avoid emulsifiers in patients with active CD are not supported.Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619001099112).","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143443351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air Pollution Associated With Mortality Among Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Treated With Nucleotide/Nucleoside Analogues.","authors":"Tyng-Yuan Jang, Yu-Ting Zeng, Po-Cheng Liang, Chih-Da Wu, Yu-Ju Wei, Pei-Chien Tsai, Ming-Yen Hsieh, Yi-Hung Lin, Meng-Hsuan Hsieh, Chih-Wen Wang, Jeng-Fu Yang, Ming-Lun Yeh, Chung-Feng Huang, Wan-Long Chuang, Jee-Fu Huang, Ya-Yun Cheng, Chia-Yen Dai, Pau-Chung Chen, Ming-Lung Yu","doi":"10.1111/apt.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Air pollution is associated with advanced liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases, including chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to investigate the association between air pollution and mortality in patients with CHB treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 697 patients with CHB treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogues and analysed the incidence and risk factors for mortality. Daily air pollutant concentrations were estimated from the year before enrolment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All-cause mortality showed an annual incidence of 1.1/100 person-years after a follow-up period of 3798.1 person-years. Factors with the strongest association with all-cause mortality were liver cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR]/95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.95/1.69-9.23; p = 0.02), age ([HR]/CI: 1.07/1.03-1.17, p < 0.001) and pre-treatment gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels (HR/CI: 1.004/1.001-1.006, p = 0.004). Among patients with cirrhosis, the factors associated with all-cause mortality were age (HR/CI: 1.08/1.04-1.12, p < 0.001), pre-treatment GGT levels (HR/CI: 1.004/1.001-1.008, p = 0.01), platelet count (HR/CI: 0.988/0.977-0.998, p = 0.02) and NO_x concentration (per unit increment, ppb) (1.045/1.001-1.091; p = 0.046). The best NO_x cut-off value for predicting all-cause mortality in patients with cirrhosis was 25.5 ppb (AUROC 0.63; p = 0.03). NO_x levels > 25.5 ppb were associated with a higher incidence of mortality in patients with cirrhosis (HR/CI:2.49/1.03-6.02; p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Air pollution influences all-cause mortality in patients with CHB receiving nucleotide/nucleoside analogue therapy. Long-term NO_x exposure may increase liver-related mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis receiving nucleotide/nucleoside analogue treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison Between Dynamic Models for Predicting Response to Corticosteroids in Alcohol‐Associated Hepatitis: A Global Cohort Study","authors":"Francisco Idalsoaga, Luis Antonio Díaz, Leonardo Guizzetti, Winston Dunn, Heer Mehta, Jorge Arnold, Gustavo Ayares, Rokhsana Mortuza, Gurpreet Mahli, Alvi H. Islam, Shiv K. Sarin, Rakhi Maiwall, Wei Zhang, Steve Qian, Douglas Simonetto, Ashwani K. Singal, Mohamed A. Elfeki, Carolina Ramirez‐Cadiz, Joaquín Cabezas, Victor Echavarría, Meritxell Ventura Cots, María Fátima Higuera‐De La Tijera, Juan G. Abraldes, Mustafa Al‐Karaghouli, Prasun K. Jalal, Mohamad Ali Ibrahim, Guadalupe García‐Tsao, Daniela Goyes, Lubomir Skladaný, Daniel J. Havaj, Karolina Sulejova, Svetlana Adamcova Selcanova, Diego Rincón, Vijay H. Shah, Patrick S. Kamath, Marco Arrese, Ramon Bataller, Juan Pablo Arab","doi":"10.1111/apt.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70024","url":null,"abstract":"Several dynamic models predict mortality and corticosteroid response in alcohol‐associated hepatitis (AH), yet no consensus exists on the most effective model. This study aimed to assess predictive models for corticosteroid response and short‐term mortality in severe AH within a global cohort. We conducted a multi‐national study of patients with severe AH treated with corticosteroids for at least 7 days, enrolled between 2009 and 2019. Dynamic models—Lille‐4, Lille‐7, trajectory of serum bilirubin (TSB), and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR)—were used to estimate 30‐ and 90‐day mortality. Lille‐7 demonstrated the highest accuracy for both 30‐ and 90‐day mortality.","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143443353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Hyperferritinaemia—An Ironclad Biomarker for the Prognostication of MASLD? Authors' Reply","authors":"Byeong Geun Song, Dong Hyun Sinn","doi":"10.1111/apt.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143434921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Dysfunction‐Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) Impacts Long‐Term Outcomes After Curative‐Intent Surgery for Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Deniz Uluk, Justus Pein, Sophia Herda, Frederik Schliephake, Carolin V. Schneider, Jude Bitar, Katharina Dreher, Dennis Eurich, Ingrid W. Zhang, Lukas Schaffrath, Timo A. Auer, Federico Collettini, Cornelius Engelmann, Frank Tacke, Johann Pratschke, Isabella Lurje, Georg Lurje","doi":"10.1111/apt.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70002","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCurative surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) includes liver resection (LR) and orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Due to the obesity epidemic, metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a frequent HCC aetiology that often coincides with increased alcohol consumption, termed MetALD, or even alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD).MethodsPatients undergoing LR or OLT for HCC at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin (2010–2020) were included in this retrospective cohort study investigating disease aetiology, time to recurrence (TTR), overall survival (OS) and CT‐based body composition.ResultsOut of 579 patients with HCC, 417 underwent LR and 162 OLT. Tumour aetiologies were viral <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 191 (33.0%), MASLD <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 158 (27.3%), MetALD <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 51 (8.8%), ALD <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 68 (11.7%) and other/cryptogenic <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 111 (19.2%). Patients with MASLD and MetALD had more intramuscular (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001, <jats:italic>p =</jats:italic> 0.015) and visceral fat (both <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) than patients with non‐metabolic dysfunction aetiologies. Patients with MASLD‐HCC had comparable TTR (median 26 months, [95% CI: 23–31] vs. 30 months [95% CI: 4–57], <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.425) but shorter OS than patients with other HCC aetiologies (63 months [95% CI: 42–84] vs. 80 months [95% CI: 60–100], hazard ratio: 1.53 [95% CI: 1.050–2.229], <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.026) after LR. Multivariate analysis confirmed MASLD aetiology, portal vein thrombosis and MELD score ≥ 10 as independent prognostic factors for OS in LR (adjusted <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.021,<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001,<jats:italic>p =</jats:italic> 0.003), even after excluding in‐hospital mortality (adjusted <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.016,<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.002,<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.002). Causes of death were similar in MASLD and non‐MASLD aetiology.ConclusionsPatients with HCC undergoing LR and meeting the new MASLD criteria have significantly shorter OS. This study provides empirical prognostic evidence for the novel MASLD/MetALD classification in a large European cohort of patients undergoing curative‐intent HCC therapy.","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143434918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Hyperferritinaemia—An Ironclad Biomarker for the Prognostication of MASLD?","authors":"Mark C. C. Cheah, Chee‐Kiat Tan","doi":"10.1111/apt.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143434917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter: Lubiprostone—A Novel Therapeutic Avenue for Gastrointestinal Complications in MASLD","authors":"Hassan Javed, Muhammad Umar Ahsan, Muhammad Saeed, Muhammad Qintar Taqi","doi":"10.1111/apt.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143434916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter: Lubiprostone—A Novel Therapeutic Avenue for Gastrointestinal Complications in MASLD. Authors' Reply","authors":"Mohamed El‐Kassas, Hongqun Liu, Samuel S. Lee","doi":"10.1111/apt.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143434920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Variceal Bleeding in Patients Receiving Atezolizumab–Bevacizumab for Hepatocellular Carcinoma—Don't Ignore the Risk Factors! Authors' Reply","authors":"Jonggi Choi","doi":"10.1111/apt.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.70040","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We appreciate the interest of Salimi and Liu in our study on variceal bleeding (VB) risk in patients receiving atezolizumab–bevacizumab (Atezo–Bev) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their insightful comments highlighting the importance of risk stratification [&lt;span&gt;1, 2&lt;/span&gt;]. We fully concur that VB risk factors should not be overlooked and that a patient-specific risk approach is crucial in clinical decision-making.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;One key finding from our study that we would like to emphasise is that 14 of 45 patients (31%) who experienced VB had no varices observed on pretreatment oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Of note, 12 of these patients (85.7%) had portal vein invasion (PVI), with seven cases (50%) involving extensive main PVI. Our multivariable analysis also identified PVI as a strong predictor of VB risk. This finding suggests that even patients classified as low risk based on standard OGD criteria may still face a substantial risk of VB due to tumour-related factors, particularly PVI. Therefore, the traditional stratification approach based solely on OGD findings may be inadequate in this population, necessitating a more comprehensive assessment incorporating tumour burden and vascular involvement.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;Another important point is the observed higher incidence of VB (22% vs. 3%) in patients who received prophylaxis compared to those who did not. As noted by Salimi and Liu, this should be interpreted with caution. Rather than suggesting a lack of efficacy of prophylaxis, this likely reflects a selection bias, where patients receiving prophylaxis were inherently at higher risk of VB at baseline. As we discussed in our paper, patients who received prophylaxis had more significant VB risk factors, including a history of gastrointestinal bleeding, extensive PVI and advanced liver cirrhosis. Thus, the difference in VB incidence does not necessarily indicate prophylaxis failure but rather highlights the need for improved risk stratification and timely intervention in the highest risk patients.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;In addition, we initially sought to develop a patient-specific VB risk prediction model based on our findings. However, due to the relatively limited number of VB events and the lack of external validation, constructing a statistically robust model proved challenging. We believe that future efforts incorporating a larger sample size and multicentre cohorts will be essential in establishing this model. A validated risk stratification model could significantly enhance clinical decision-making, allowing for more precise VB risk prediction and personalised prophylaxis strategies in patients undergoing Atezo–Bev treatment.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;Given the lack of strong consensus guidelines for VB prevention during the Atezo–Bev treatment [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;], we hope our study contributes to the development of evidence-based risk prediction and prophylaxis strategies. Based on our findings, patients with risk factors such as low platelet count, PV","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"208 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter on ‘Head-to-Head Comparison Between Phosphatidylethanol Versus Indirect Alcohol Biomarkers for Diagnosis of MetALD Versus MASLD: A Prospective Study’","authors":"Muhammad Abubakr,&nbsp;Zuhair Abrar,&nbsp;Muhammad Jawad Haider,&nbsp;Saad Aslam Barqaat","doi":"10.1111/apt.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apt.70008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We read with great interest the study by Tavaglione et al. titled ‘Head-to-Head Comparison Between Phosphatidylethanol Versus Indirect Alcohol Biomarkers for Diagnosis of MetALD Versus MASLD: A Prospective Study’ [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. The study provides a valuable insight into the use of phosphatidylethanol (PEth) as a non-invasive diagnostic marker in distinguishing metabolic dysfunction and alcohol–associated liver disease (MetALD) from metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) through a cross-sectional analysis in a multiethnic population. The authors' emphasis on the practical use of PEth in clinical settings is both timely and crucial, as it helps fill an important gap in how we currently classify steatotic liver disease (SLD).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The authors also highlight the limitations of current questionnaires, such as the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Lifetime Drinking History (LDH), including their lack of precision and impracticality in clinical settings. Given the strong diagnostic accuracy of PEth in detecting MetALD, as demonstrated in the study, it is crucial to further validate PEth across diverse patient populations, encompassing variations in race, age, disease stage and clinical settings, to solidify its role in routine clinical practice. Future research should focus on comparing PEth testing with other diagnostic modalities, including advanced imaging, genetic markers and emerging biomarkers, to enhance our understanding of its diagnostic accuracy in the identification of SLD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;While the study shows strong diagnostic accuracy for detecting MetALD (AUROC 0.81, 95% CI 0.73–0.89), it would be helpful to know how PEth performs at different stages of the disease. The study does not provide an in-depth exploration of the biological mechanisms underlying PEth's role in disease diagnosis. Additionally, a more thorough analysis of potential confounding factors, such as patterns of alcohol consumption, inter-individual variability in PEth half-lives, BMI differences and variations in liver function, could further enhance the diagnostic accuracy of PEth [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. The study also fails to address potential limitations of PEth testing, such as the risk of false positives or false negatives in certain populations, as well as its cost-effectiveness relative to traditional indirect alcohol biomarkers and more invasive diagnostic techniques. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of PEth with emerging biomarkers, genetic tests and advanced imaging methods would provide a clearer understanding of its diagnostic accuracy and help establish its relative position among other available diagnostic tools.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The introduction of PEth testing into clinical practice has the potential to streamline the diagnostic process and provide robust support for clinical decision-making. A comprehensive understanding of this biomarker, coupled with large-scale, multicentre, longitudinal studies across diverse patient po","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"61 6","pages":"1082-1083"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apt.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}