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Heavy metal accumulation and changes in phenylpropanoid metabolism induced by mining activities in leaves of Pinus nigra and Pinus eldarica 采掘活动对黑松和木松叶片重金属积累及苯丙代谢的影响
Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.61.1.15878
H. Oloumi, F. Rezanejad, Zeynab Gholipoor, Ali R. Ahmadi
{"title":"Heavy metal accumulation and changes in phenylpropanoid metabolism induced by mining activities in leaves of Pinus nigra and Pinus eldarica","authors":"H. Oloumi, F. Rezanejad, Zeynab Gholipoor, Ali R. Ahmadi","doi":"10.14720/abs.61.1.15878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.61.1.15878","url":null,"abstract":"Plants can absorb pollutants produced through industrial activities. In this research, biochemistry and lignin biosynthesis processes are studied in Pinus nigra and P. eldarica trees, that were exposed to pollutants from Sarcheshmeh copper complex and from the Kentuiyeh ascontrol area (both Iran). Needles were collected in areas adjacent to mining factory, where heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) are accumulated in higher concentrations than in plants from control areas. Comparison of the two studied pine species reveals that P. eldarica needles amass heavy metals 27% more than P. nigra. There was a higher content of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids in needles growing in close vicinities of the mining activity. Lignin content was similar in both species of pine and remained unchanged regardless of the pollution level. Higher activities of enzymes in phenylpropanoid pathway in needles from polluted areas were measured for both pine species. Findings of this study suggest involvement of general phenylpropanoid pathway in heavy metal resistance of pine trees. It seems that P. eldarica can accumulate more heavy metals in its needles and it has greater resistance to pollutants.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114916025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Seasonal dynamics of fungal colonisation of Plantago altissima roots in a water-fluctuating wetland 水波动湿地中车前草根系真菌定植的季节动态
Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.61.1.15877
Daniela M. Vengust, A. Gaberščik
{"title":"Seasonal dynamics of fungal colonisation of Plantago altissima roots in a water-fluctuating wetland","authors":"Daniela M. Vengust, A. Gaberščik","doi":"10.14720/abs.61.1.15877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.61.1.15877","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal colonisation in an amphibious plant species from an intermittent lake may differ significantly among plant specimens growing under contrasting water regimes. We examined the effect of the presence of surface water on the level of fungal colonisation in tall plantain(Plantago altissima L.). We investigated the presence and abundance of arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) structures, dark-septate-endophyte (DSE) fungal structures, and plant growth parameters. The observed overall frequency of fungal structures during the vegetative season was relatively high, ranging from 50% to 90%. Mycorrhizal frequency was little affected by water level fluctuations. However, it dropped significantly at the end of the season in the senescence phase. The densities of arbuscules, vesicles, and hyphal coils reached the highest levels in peak season in June and July. The density of DSE structures, namely microsclerotia, showed similar dynamics over the season as forAM structures. Mycorrhizal frequency was positively related to leaf water content.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126706624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vital fluorescent staining for non–destructive studies of neuromast topography in urodele amphibians 活体荧光染色法无损研究尾纲两栖动物神经肥大地形
Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.61.1.15879
Patrik Prša, Lilijana Bizjak Mali
{"title":"Vital fluorescent staining for non–destructive studies of neuromast topography in urodele amphibians","authors":"Patrik Prša, Lilijana Bizjak Mali","doi":"10.14720/abs.61.1.15879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.61.1.15879","url":null,"abstract":"Neuromasts are mechanosensory organs found in primarily aquatic vertebrates, including many species of amphibians, and are arranged as specific patterns to form the lateral-line system on the head and along the body. We used a hair-cell-specific fluorescent dye, DiASP, to analyze the distributional pattern of neuromasts in the lateral line system of live captive-born larvae of the Italian crested newt, Triturus carnifex (Laurenti, 1768). We confirmed that DiASP presents a safe and accurate alternative method for non-destructive studies of neuromast ontogeny and distribution in live amphibians. All newt larvae subjected to analyses survived and no teratogenic effects of DiASP on their further development were observed. We were able to use these data to completely characterize the distribution of neuromasts in this species and to infer the functional significance of this distribution. Cross-species comparison of general topography points to neuromast arrangement as a conserved trait in urodelans.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133317273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of thyme essential oil on germination and early growth of wheat 百里香精油对小麦萌发和早期生长的影响
Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.61.1.15876
Tjaša Pršin, Sabina Sabina, J. Dolenc Koce
{"title":"The effect of thyme essential oil on germination and early growth of wheat","authors":"Tjaša Pršin, Sabina Sabina, J. Dolenc Koce","doi":"10.14720/abs.61.1.15876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.61.1.15876","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oils (EOs) are becoming an important alternative as seed decontaminating agents opposite to synthetic seed preservatives due to their antimicrobial activities. They also inhibit seed germination which may be problematic for seeds of cultural plants. In the present study, different treatments of wheat (Triticum aestivum) grain with thyme (Thymus serpyllum) EO were tested. Wheat grains were treated with thyme EO for 6, 12 and 24 hours to determine the optimal time of EO treatment in order to reduce fungal infection of the grain surface and at the same time preserve high germination rate of seeds and good physiological status of seedlings during early stages of their growth. Germination rate, fresh mass and length of shoots and roots, and physiological status of the seedlings were compared according to the duration of the treatment. The 6 h-EO treatment was the most optimal procedure that did not affect seed germination, was not harmful for the seedlings and prevented fungal infections. The thyme EO could potentially be used as a protective agent for wheat grain intended for sowing and food production.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130966524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Combined use of chlorophyll a and phycocyanin fluorescence sensors for quantification and differentiation of phytoplankton: a useful approach for small surface water bodies 叶绿素a和藻蓝蛋白荧光传感器在浮游植物定量和分化中的联合应用:一种用于小型地表水体的有用方法
Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.61.2.15891
A. Meglič, Rozina Tinkara, E. Tina, Leštan Domen, Zupan I Justin Maja, Megli Andrej, Sift Desk Journals Open Access Journals
{"title":"Combined use of chlorophyll a and phycocyanin fluorescence sensors for quantification and differentiation of phytoplankton: a useful approach for small surface water bodies","authors":"A. Meglič, Rozina Tinkara, E. Tina, Leštan Domen, Zupan I Justin Maja, Megli Andrej, Sift Desk Journals Open Access Journals","doi":"10.14720/abs.61.2.15891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.61.2.15891","url":null,"abstract":"Sensors based on in vivo measurements of photosynthetic pigments fluorescence enable real-time phytoplankton monitoring with high spatial and temporal resolution. A combination of chlorophyll a (CHL) and phycocyanin (PC) fluorescence sensors was used for phytoplankton quantification and differentiation in two small water bodies, Koseze Pond and pond in Hotinja vas. The high correlation of CHL and PC fluorescence signals with biovolume was confirmed during the two-year monitoring in anatural pond environment in spite of a seasonal succession of the phytoplankton. Additionally, disturbances of the sensors were investigated. Water bodies containing predominantly algae yielded false positive signals of the PC sensor, which reached up to 1% of the intensity of the CHL signal. Similarly, underestimated counts of cyanobacteria measured with CHL fluorescence sensor can be adjusted using PC fluorescence sensor.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132150660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of UV radiation and selenium on two buckwheat species 紫外线辐射和硒对两种荞麦的影响
Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.60.2.15684
A. Golob, V. Stibilj, Judita Turk, I. Kreft, M. Germ
{"title":"Impact of UV radiation and selenium on two buckwheat species","authors":"A. Golob, V. Stibilj, Judita Turk, I. Kreft, M. Germ","doi":"10.14720/abs.60.2.15684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.60.2.15684","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of selenium (Se) addition and UV radiation on Tartary buckwheat and hybrid buckwheat were studied. Both buckwheat species grew outdoors at the experimental field of the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana. They were exposed to four different treatments regarding the UV radiation (ambient or reduced) and added Se (naturally accessible or foliary treated with Na selenate in concentration 10 mg Se L-1). The content of pigments (chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, anthocyanins) and UV absorbing compounds, transpiration rate, photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PS) II and respiratory potential were measured. At the end of experiment we determined the biomass of different plant parts. The results showed that irrespective of the buckwheat species the added Se lowered the content of chlorophyll a and carotenoids, while it increased the effective quantum yield of PS II and transpiration rate. UV radiation reduced the content of anthocyanins only. Se and UV-B radiation as independent factors exerted no impact on buckwheat yield. Hybrid buckwheat had a higher physiological activity than the Tartary buckwheat yet a smaller biomass of plant parts, including reduced yield. Ambient UV radiation had a slightly negative impact on hybrid buckwheat while it had no noticeable negative impact on Tartary buckwheat. The Se treated Tartary and hybrid buckwheat were suitable for human andanimal diet regarding to Se concentrations in leaves and grains.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127114037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Response of macrophyte Berula erecta to low concentrations of NaCl in vitro 大植蓝对体外低浓度NaCl的响应
Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.60.2.15685
Š. Mechora, Jana Ambrožič Dolinšek
{"title":"Response of macrophyte Berula erecta to low concentrations of NaCl in vitro","authors":"Š. Mechora, Jana Ambrožič Dolinšek","doi":"10.14720/abs.60.2.15685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.60.2.15685","url":null,"abstract":"Macrophyte Berula erecta, grown in tissue culture, was exposed to various low concentrations of NaCl in the water (1–100 mg L-1). Added NaCl had a positive effect on plant’s growth and development. The number of shoots increased, as well as the length of the roots. The lowest concentration (1 mg L-1) increased photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) while the highest (100 mg L-1) slightly decreased it. Chlorophyll content was negatively affected by NaCl addition after 3 weeks. Carotenoid and anthocyanin levels were firstly raised and later lowered in NaCl treatment comparing to control. Overall, added NaCl had no negative effect on plants morphology, while decreased amount of pigments was observed.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134299165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eterična olja s potencialom za zatiranje varoje (Varroa destructor): mehanizmi toksičnosti in negativen vpliv na medonosno čebelo (Apis mellifera)
Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.60.2.15682
Anita Jemec Kokalj, Gordana Glavan
{"title":"Eterična olja s potencialom za zatiranje varoje (Varroa destructor): mehanizmi toksičnosti in negativen vpliv na medonosno čebelo (Apis mellifera)","authors":"Anita Jemec Kokalj, Gordana Glavan","doi":"10.14720/abs.60.2.15682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.60.2.15682","url":null,"abstract":"Varoja (Varroa destructor) je pomemben dejavnik umiranja čebel, zato njeno učinkovito zatiranje predstavlja enega izmed osrednjih problemov čebelarjenja. Trenutno čebelarji za zatiranje varoje največ uporabljajo sintetične akaricide. Zaradi njihovih negativnih učinkov na čebele ter kemičnih ostankov v čebeljih pridelkih je velik trend k vzpodbujanju uporabe naravnih akaricidov. Med naravne snovi s potencialnim akaricidnim delovanjem sodijo eterična olja in njihove aktivne učinkovine. Med njimi se nekatere, kot je timol, že dlje časa uporabljajo v čebelarstvu. V tem prispevku povzemamo dosedanje znanje o mehanizmih toksičnosti eteričnih olj, s poudarkom na delovanju na živčni in imunski sistem, ter o ostalih vplivih na čebele. Ugotavljamo, da bi lahko bila nekatera eterična olja glede na ugotovljene mehanizme toksičnosti uporabna za zatiranje varoje, vendar pa so njihovi negativni učinki na čebele zelo slabo raziskani. Še posebej so pomembna znanja o njihovem vplivu na imunski odziv, saj so spremembe le tega navedene kot eden izmed potencialnih možnih vzrokov za upad čebeljih družin. Med eteričnimi olji prevladujejo podatki za timol ter njegove pripravke(Apiguard®, Api Life VAR®), precej manj pa je podatkov o drugih pogostih aktivnih učinkovinah eteričnih olj. Zaključujemo, da obstaja potreba po sistematičnem testiranju vplivu akaricidnih eteričnih olj na čebele, s poudarkom na dolgotrajnih izpostavitvahizvedenih po principu aktualnih smernic testiranja strupenosti. Velik izziv za prihodnje raziskave predstavlja optimizacija nanosa in standardizacija uporabe eteričnih olj in njihovih učinkovin v čebelarstvu.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127592382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification of alien Fallopia taxa using molecular methods 外来黄垂亚分类群的分子鉴定
Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.60.2.15686
S. Strgulc Krajšek, M. Bjelić, S. Anžlovar
{"title":"Identification of alien Fallopia taxa using molecular methods","authors":"S. Strgulc Krajšek, M. Bjelić, S. Anžlovar","doi":"10.14720/abs.60.2.15686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.60.2.15686","url":null,"abstract":"The non-native species of knotweeds (Fallopia sect. Reynoutria) are morphologically very similar and it is often difficult to distinguish between the hybrid F. ×bohemica and parental taxa, F. japonica and F. sachalinensis. To distinguish 30 samples of knotweeds, collected in Slovenia, we used PCR RFLP analysis of the trnK intron of plastid DNA in combination with the amplification of microsatellite nuclear locus KW6, which is a specific diagnostic marker for F. sachalinensis. We established that the combination of both markers unambiguously identifies the following samples: F. japonica (var. japonica), F. sachalinensis and F. ×bohemica. Basedon described molecular markers we confirmed that the maternal parent of the taxon F. ×bohemica was F. japonica for all analysed hybrids. In addition, two species from Fallopia sect. Sarmentosae (F. baldschuanica and F. multiflora) were also analysed.Both could be distinguished from species of Fallopia sect. Reynoutria, but for the discrimination between them, some other markers should be used.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127373510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Z rastlinami povezani že 35 let
Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.60.2.15691
Maria Dermastia
{"title":"Z rastlinami povezani že 35 let","authors":"Maria Dermastia","doi":"10.14720/abs.60.2.15691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.60.2.15691","url":null,"abstract":"V letu 2017 člani Slovenskega društva za biologijo rastlin (http://www.plantslo.org/) praznujemo kar 35 let neprekinjenega delovanja, čeprav ne v enaki zasedbi in tudi ne pod enakim imenom. V tem času se je veliko spremenilo, vendar paje ostala nespremenjena naša strast do odkrivanja skrivnega življenja rastlin.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127168368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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