Acta Biologica Slovenica最新文献_第4页

Characteristics of spatial use and importance of landscape features for recovering populations of Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) 欧亚山猫种群恢复的空间利用特征及景观特征的重要性

Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.63.2.15938

H. Potočnik, Jaka Črtalič, I. Kos, T. Skrbinšek

{"title":"Characteristics of spatial use and importance of landscape features for recovering populations of Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)","authors":"H. Potočnik, Jaka Črtalič, I. Kos, T. Skrbinšek","doi":"10.14720/abs.63.2.15938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.63.2.15938","url":null,"abstract":"Following the extirpation from Central and Southeastern Europe by the end of the 19th century, Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) was reintroduced in the Alps and Dinarics. The recovering population sizes fluctuated over the years; however, they remained relatively small and isolated since their distribution after the establishment has not significantly expanded by natural colonization. One of the most radical changes to the landscape of Europe over the past centuries has been the creation of vast urban and agricultural areas and subsequent extension of infrastructure, causing increasingly fragmented landscape, especially for weak dispersers like lynx. There is a pressing need to establish greater connectivity between the genetically isolated populations, particularly throughout the Alps and Dinarics, to achieve a viable metapopulation structure. In the paper, we review scientific knowledge on Eurasian lynx spatial requirements and behaviour, and critically evaluate the methods used. Apart from habitat suitability and connectivity studies, we also provide a review of lynx home range sizes and movement activity, including dispersion. We present habitat suitability model constructed to examine suitable habitat for recovering Dinaric - SE Alpine population and compare home range sizes of lynx from Dinarics in Slovenia with other lynx populations in Europe. Future considerations for lynx conservation should include the impact of climate change, protection of corridor areas, reducing impact of barriers and, if needed, “complement” dispersal via translocations to achieve viable pan-European lynx metapopulation in the future.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124550415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vrednotenje velikosti populacij sviščevega mravljiščarja Phengaris alcon (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in status njegove ogroženosti na zahodnem delu Ljubljanskega barja

Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.63.1.15902

Matija Močilar, R. Verovnik

{"title":"Vrednotenje velikosti populacij sviščevega mravljiščarja Phengaris alcon (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in status njegove ogroženosti na zahodnem delu Ljubljanskega barja","authors":"Matija Močilar, R. Verovnik","doi":"10.14720/abs.63.1.15902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.63.1.15902","url":null,"abstract":"Na območju zahodnega dela Ljubljanskega barja, smo pregledali vse do sedaj znane lokacije sviščevega mravljiščarja in območja, kjer smo iz satelitskih posnetkov prepoznali potencialno primeren življenjski prostor za to vrsto. Sviščevega mravljiščarja smo potrdili le na območju med Vrhniko in Ligojno. Vrsta se pojavlja na dveh habitatnih krpah, ki sta med seboj oddaljeni 300 metrov. Velikost populacij smo ocenili s pomočjo metode MRR (mark-release-recapture) in s metodo štetja jajčec na hranilnih rastlinah močvirskih sviščev. Kljub majhni oddaljenosti med habitatnima krpama ni prišlo do izmenjave osebkov, smo pa posamezne osebke opazili tudi izven obeh poseljenih krp. Z MRR metodo smo določili dnevno velikost populacije na habitatni krpi A med 50 in 130 osebki, na B pa približno 50 osebkov. Z metodo štetja jajčec, smo ocenili velikost populacije na obeh krpah na približno30 osebkov. Ugotovili smo, da je gostota jajčec in odraslih osebkov na večji habitatni krpi manjša, dnevne velikosti populacij pa so bile večje na večji habitatni krpi. Glavni razlog za tako razporeditev je v pomanjkanju hranilnih rastlin na manjši krpi, saj so bili včasu cvetenja močvirskega svišča vsi sosednji travniki pokošeni. Ugotovili smo tudi, da samice za odlaganje jajčec raje uporabljajo rastline bolj v sredini krpe. Poleg košnje v neprimernem času, sta glavna ogrožajoča dejavnika fragmentiranost življenjskega prostora in hidromelioracijski ukrepi, ki dolgoročno zmanjšujejo nivo podtalnice na tem območju, kar vpliva na habitat vrste.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125334456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of species-specific primers for rapid detection and identification of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto 严格假丝酵母菌快速检测鉴定的种特异性引物设计

Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.63.1.15915

Monika Novak Babič, N. Gunde-Cimerman

{"title":"Design of species-specific primers for rapid detection and identification of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto","authors":"Monika Novak Babič, N. Gunde-Cimerman","doi":"10.14720/abs.63.1.15915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.63.1.15915","url":null,"abstract":"Candida species are the cause of approximately two million cases of candidiasis yearly worldwide, and are frequently involved in life-threatening infections. After Candida albicans, the Candida parapsilosis complex is the second most common cause of Candida infections, particularly in patients in intensive care units and in neonates. Contrary to many Candida species, C. parapsilosis sensu stricto is frequently present in water, and on surfaces made of plastic, rubber, and silicone, where it acts as aprimary coloniser for biofilm establishment. Identification methods for the C. parapsilosis complex include culture-dependent methods, MALDI-TOF, and multiplex PCR using ITS region, but remains amongst the most frequently misidentified species, due to the genetic similarity and lack of species-specific primers. In the present study, we developed novel species-specific primers for detection and identification of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto using locus CPAR2_105320, as template for easily accessible and widely used conventional PCR method. Using these primers, we successfully detected and identified C. parapsilosis sensu strictoin pure cultures isolated from clinical specimens and indoor environments. Additionally, this method enables detection of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto in biofilms and tap water samples from which DNA was extracted, and directly from suspensions of washed swab samples. All positive cases showed single clear band with 574 base pairs. Sequencing of the amplicon proved designed primers to be species-specific. In the future, primers can serve as a tool for rapid detection of C. parapsilosis sensustricto in the environment and clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128413830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preliminary experiments into colonization of microorganisms from activated sludge on different types of plastics 活性污泥微生物在不同类型塑料上定植的初步实验

Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.63.1.15914

Tjaša Matjašič, T. Dreo, Z. Samardz̆ija, O. Bajt, T. Kanduč, T. Simčič, N. Mori

{"title":"Preliminary experiments into colonization of microorganisms from activated sludge on different types of plastics","authors":"Tjaša Matjašič, T. Dreo, Z. Samardz̆ija, O. Bajt, T. Kanduč, T. Simčič, N. Mori","doi":"10.14720/abs.63.1.15914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.63.1.15914","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of plastics in the environment is currently one of the most pressing global environmental problems. Microorganisms start to form biofilms on plastic surfaces when they first come in contact with the biosphere; however, these interactions and processes are little understood, especially in freshwaters. This study aimed to better understand the colonization process of microorganisms from activated sludge on plastic materials exhibiting different surface characteristics. We inoculated synthetic fabric (PET), water bottles (PET), and plastic bags for packing vegetables and fruits (HDPE) with microorganisms from activated sludge. Mixtures of plastics and activated sludge, as well as the control, were incubated at 22-24°C in Bushnell Haas (BH) liquid medium and shaken at 120 rpm for two months. The mixtures were sub-sampled weekly and seeded into fresh BH medium with test plastic materials to avoid feeding microorganisms on dead biomass. The colonization was followed by measuring optical density (OD600) of liquid medium, by measurements of isotopic composition of carbon (δ13C) in untreated and treated plastic materials and, with in-specting the plastics surface with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Overall, the study confirmed differences between colonizing microorganisms on different plastic material when comparing SEM micrographs of materials from the flasks inoculated with activated sludge. The texture of the HDPE bag changed during the experiment in both, control and inoculated flasks, but it is not clear whether the observed changes were due to abiotic or biotic factors. We concluded that microorganisms from activated sludge are capable of colonizing both PET and HDPE materials, and biofilm formation is most probably influenced by the chemical composition of plastics and their surface characteristics.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133946849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Katedra za botaniko in fiziologijo rastlin 植物学和植物生理学教席

Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.63.1.15919

Jasna Dolenc Koce, Nejc Jogan, Marjana Regvar

引用次数: 0

Skupina za biološko izobraževanje

Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.63.1.15924

Iztok Tomažič

引用次数: 0

Katedra za molekularno genetiko in biologijo mikroorganizmov

Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.63.1.15923

Darja Žgur Bertok, Uroš Petrovič, Nina Gunde Cimerman

引用次数: 0

Katedra za ekologijo in varstvo okolja

Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.63.1.15921

Alenka Gaberščik, Ivan Kos, Andrej Martinčič, Kazimir Tarman, Mihael Jožef Toman

引用次数: 0

Modularity of the dorsal and lateral view of the skull in the European ground squirrel 欧洲地松鼠颅骨背侧视图的模块化

Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.63.1.15910

Tina Klenovšek

{"title":"Modularity of the dorsal and lateral view of the skull in the European ground squirrel","authors":"Tina Klenovšek","doi":"10.14720/abs.63.1.15910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/abs.63.1.15910","url":null,"abstract":"Modular organization is a general characteristic of biological systems from cellular to organismal level. The mammalian skull is a complex structure that can in general be divided into two functional components, the neurocranium and the viscerocranium. The two-module organisation of the skull of the European ground squirrel Spermophilus citellus (Linnaeus, 1766) has already been confirmed on the ventral cranium, while different studies of integration and modularity of squirrel skulls in general gave mixed results. Studies using 2D geometric morphometrics capture and analyse different views of the skull separately, and often the eventral cranial view is considered as the most suitable. In this study, the hypothesis of the two-module organisation of the S.citellus skull was re-evaluated and confirmed also on the dorsal and lateral cranial view. Nevertheless, the lateral cranium was more integrated than the dorsal cranium. Allometry had almost no effect on the pattern of modularity. This and the previous study of the S. citellus skull modularity show that different cranial views can give different results. Advisably, all three views should be considered also because the lateral view of the skull shows morphological variation in the sagittal plane that is not visible along the frontal plane, when only the ventral and/or dorsal views are considered.","PeriodicalId":121848,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Slovenica","volume":"7 18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133207649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ob 100-letnici biologije na Univerzi v Ljubljani

Acta Biologica Slovenica Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.14720/abs.63.1.15916

Jasna Dolenc Koce

引用次数: 0