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Effect of exercise on cardiac muscle performance in aged rats. 运动对老年大鼠心肌功能的影响。
Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-04-01
E G Lakatta, H A Spurgeon
{"title":"Effect of exercise on cardiac muscle performance in aged rats.","authors":"E G Lakatta,&nbsp;H A Spurgeon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most investigations of a direct impact of chronic physical conditioning on cardiac muscle physiology and biochemistry have utilized relatively young animal models. Some, but not all, of these studies have demonstrated beneficial effect of relatively modest magnitude. With advancing age, i.e., with the onset of senescence, characteristic changes in many aspects of cardiac physiology and biochemistry in rodent models have been noted to occur. In general, these consist of a reduction in the kinetics of events that determine myocardial excitation-contraction relaxation and energetics. Recently it has been shown that several of these apparent age-related functional declines can be reversed by chronic physical conditioning, which in some instances have no effect on cardiac muscle of younger animals. This suggests that the relative efficacy of chronic exercise to modulate myocardial performance may, in part, be determined by the level of function present before the intervention, as is the case for other modulators of cardiac muscle function. In addition, that apparent age-related deficits in myocardial function can be reversed by conditioning suggests an interaction between life-style and aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 5","pages":"1844-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14678635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metabolic activation of xenobiotic stilbene estrogens. 外源二苯乙烯雌激素的代谢激活。
Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-04-01
M Metzler
{"title":"Metabolic activation of xenobiotic stilbene estrogens.","authors":"M Metzler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Certain stilbene estrogens, in particular diethylstilbestrol, are established carcinogens in animals and in humans. The question is raised whether the formation of reactive metabolites is part of the carcinogenic mechanism of these compounds. Some aspects of the oxidative metabolism are briefly reviewed, with special emphasis on peroxidase-mediated metabolic activation. The interaction of the reactive intermediates with nucleic acids and proteins is described and examples of the induction of genetic damage in several short-term assays are given. From the available data it is concluded that metabolic activation may play a role in the process of neoplastic cell transformation induced by stilbene estrogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 5","pages":"1855-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14678637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 71st annual meeting, Washington, DC, March 29-April 2, 1987. Abstracts of papers 4421-7012; 9001-9008; M1-M164. Indexes of abstracts. 美国实验生物学学会联合会。第71届年会，1987年3月29日至4月2日，华盛顿特区。论文摘要4421-7012;9001 - 9008;M1-M164。摘要索引。
Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-03-05
{"title":"Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 71st annual meeting, Washington, DC, March 29-April 2, 1987. Abstracts of papers 4421-7012; 9001-9008; M1-M164. Indexes of abstracts.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 4","pages":"1075-547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14920138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 71st annual meeting. Washington, DC, March 29-April 2, 1987. Abstracts of papers 1-4420. 美国实验生物学学会联合会。第71届年会。华盛顿特区，1987年3月29日至4月2日。论文摘要1-4420。
Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-03-01
{"title":"Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 71st annual meeting. Washington, DC, March 29-April 2, 1987. Abstracts of papers 1-4420.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 3","pages":"317-1074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14920136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antagonism by methysergide of neurogenic vasoconstriction in the dog forelimb. 甲塞吉酯对犬前肢神经源性血管收缩的拮抗作用。
Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-02-01
B S Jandhyala, S D Kivlighn
{"title":"Antagonism by methysergide of neurogenic vasoconstriction in the dog forelimb.","authors":"B S Jandhyala,&nbsp;S D Kivlighn","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the flow-regulated dog forelimb, electrical stimulation of the efferent median nerve produced frequency-dependent increases in perfusion pressure. These vasoconstrictor effects were attenuated by a large dose of phentolamine, an alpha 1 and alpha 2 blocking drug. Administration of methysergide after phentolamine completely reversed the vasoconstrictor responses to vasodilation at most frequencies of stimulation. In the absence of phentolamine pretreatment, even a lower dose of methysergide reversed or caused biphasic responses (attenuated constriction followed by dilatation) during the nerve stimulation at the lower frequencies (0.5-4.0 Hz). This lower dose of methysergide completely abolished vascular effects of exogenous 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and potentiated those of norepinephrine; hence, the antagonism by methysergide of neurally mediated vasoconstriction is not caused by an action on alpha-adrenergic receptors. Unlike methysergide, selective 5-HT2 antagonists ketanserin and ritanserin have no modifying effect on exogenous 5-HT responses. These studies have provided pharmacological evidence that suggests that 5-HT may be the neurotransmitter mediating neurogenic vasoconstriction in the dog forelimb, and that this effect does not involve activation of 5-HT2 receptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 2","pages":"276-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14232922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Patterns of constriction produced by vasoactive agents. 血管活性物质产生的收缩模式。
Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-02-01
G J Grega, S W Adamski
{"title":"Patterns of constriction produced by vasoactive agents.","authors":"G J Grega,&nbsp;S W Adamski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The patterns of vasoconstriction produced by local infusions of constrictor agents and neurogenic stimuli are unique and varied. Although vasoconstrictors or neurogenic stimuli may produce similar increases in total resistance to blood flow, the effects on consecutive vascular segments may differ dramatically. Vasoconstrictors may affect primarily small vessels, large vessels, or a combination of both. The constrictor response may be restricted to precapillary vessels or may recruit both pre- and postcapillary vessels. The baroreceptors elicit a pattern of vasoconstriction distinct from that produced by electrical stimulation of a vasomotor nerve. Prearteriolar and venous resistance may contribute more than arterioles to increases in total vascular resistance produced by local infusions of vasoconstrictor agents or nerve stimulation. The constriction of large vessels also affects fluid filtration, vascular capacity, and the distribution of blood flow between shunt and exchange vessels. The waning of the resistance increase that occurs during prolonged infusions of vasoconstrictors varies, in part, as a function of the vessel segments that participate in the vasoconstrictor response. Large vessels participate in vasoconstrictor responses triggered by stimuli that impose a severe stress on the circulation. In contrast, small vessels participate primarily in normal vascular adjustments required to maintain blood pressure at the set point.</p>","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 2","pages":"270-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14920134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The history of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 美国实验生物学学会联合会的历史。
Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-02-01
R W Krauss
{"title":"The history of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.","authors":"R W Krauss","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 2","pages":"243-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14664504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Origin of the American Physiological Society. 美国生理学会的起源。
Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-02-01
O E Reynolds, T A Appel
{"title":"Origin of the American Physiological Society.","authors":"O E Reynolds,&nbsp;T A Appel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 2","pages":"223-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14664498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The beginnings of the American Society of Biological Chemists. 美国生物化学家协会的成立。
Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-02-01
C C Hancock
{"title":"The beginnings of the American Society of Biological Chemists.","authors":"C C Hancock","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 2","pages":"227-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14664499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recognition and lysis of target cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. 细胞毒性T淋巴细胞对靶细胞的识别和裂解。
Federation proceedings Pub Date : 1987-02-01
D M Kranz, M S Pasternack, H N Eisen
{"title":"Recognition and lysis of target cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes.","authors":"D M Kranz,&nbsp;M S Pasternack,&nbsp;H N Eisen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A single cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) is capable of performing the two most fundamental functions of an immune response, recognition and elimination of foreign antigens. It is now clear that in a CTL these two functions are linked via the antigen-specific, heterodimeric receptor. We review here some experimental approaches that justify this conclusion and provide the means for further examination of the mechanisms by which CTLs lyse their target cells. When antireceptor antibodies serving as antigen substitutes are attached to various cells, they trigger the lytic activity of particular CTLs, which results in lysis of the antibody-modified cell. In the process, a novel serine esterase, which is located within cytolytic granules of the CTL, is released. The presence of this enzyme and a complement-like protein, perforin, in granules of a CTL has led to the suggestion that CTLs and complement have similar cytolytic mechanisms. However, the resistance of some CTLs to lysis by other CTLs, but not to lysis by antibody-activated complement, suggests fundamental differences between cytolytic mechanisms of CTLs and complement.</p>","PeriodicalId":12183,"journal":{"name":"Federation proceedings","volume":"46 2","pages":"309-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13580446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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