European Thyroid Journal最新文献

{"title":"Head-to-head comparison of American, European, and Asian TIRADSs in thyroid nodule assessment: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Tommaso Piticchio, Gilles Russ, Maija Radzina, Francesco Frasca, Cosimo Durante, Pierpaolo Trimboli","doi":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0242","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Ultrasound-based risk stratification systems (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TIRADSs)) of thyroid nodules (TNs) have been implemented in clinical practice worldwide based on their high performance. However, it remains unexplored whether different TIRADSs perform uniformly across a range of TNs in routine practice. This issue is highly relevant today, given the ongoing international effort to establish a unified TIRADS (i.e. I-TIRADS), supported by the leading societies specializing in TNs. The study aimed to conduct a direct comparison among ACR-, EU-, and K-TIRADS in the distribution of TNs: (1) across the TIRADS categories, and (2) based on their estimated cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was conducted on PubMed and Embase until June 2023. Original studies that sequentially assessed TNs using TIRADSs, regardless of FNAC indication, were selected. General study characteristics and data on the distribution of TNs across TIRADSs were extracted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies, reporting a total of 41,332 TNs, were included in the analysis. The prevalence of ACR-TIRADS 1-2 was significantly higher than that of EU-TIRADS 2 and K-TIRADS 2, with no significant difference observed among intermediate- and high-risk categories of TIRADSs. According to malignancy risk estimation, K-TIRADS often classified TNs as having more severe risk, ACR-TIRADS as having moderate risk, and EU-TIRADS classified TNs as having lower risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ACR-, EU-, and K-TIRADS assess TNs similarly across their categories, with slight differences in low-risk classifications. Despite this, focusing on cancer risk estimation, the three TIRADSs assess TNs differently. These findings should be considered as a prerequisite for developing the I-TIRADS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12159,"journal":{"name":"European Thyroid Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10959032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139989758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of Active Surveillance in Patients with Clinically T1b Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ≤1.5 cm in Preoperative Ultrasonography: MASTER Study","authors":"Sang-Hyeon Ju, Yong Bae Ji, Minchul Song, Joung Youl Lim, Da Beom Heo, Min-Gyu Kim, Jae Won Chang, Ho-Ryun Won, Yea Eun Kang, Eu Jeong Ku, Mijin Kim, Eun Kyung Lee, June Young Choi, Hyeong Won Yu, Young Joo Park, Jun-Ho Choe, Bon Seok Koo","doi":"10.1530/etj-23-0258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/etj-23-0258","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Objective: Active surveillance (AS) is generally accepted as an alternative to immediate surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) measuring ≤1.0 cm (cT1a) without risk factors. This study investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of PTCs measuring ≤2.0 cm without cervical lymph node metastasis (cT1N0) by tumor size group to assess the feasibility of AS for PTCs between 1.0 cm and 1.5 cm (cT1b^≤1.5). Design: This study enrolled clinically T1N0 patients with preoperative ultrasonography information (N=935) from a cohort of 1259 patients who underwent lobectomy and were finally diagnosed with PTC from June 2020 to March 2022. Results: The cT1b≤1.5 group (N=171; 18.3 %) exhibited more lymphatic invasion and occult central lymph node (LN) metastasis with higher metastatic LN ratio than the cT1a group (N=719; 76.9 %). However, among patients aged 55 years or older, there were no significant differences in occult central LN metastasis and metastatic LN ratio between the cT1a, cT1b^≤1.5, and cT1b^&gt;1.5 groups. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that occult central LN metastasis was associated with age, sex, tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, and lymphatic invasion in patients under 55, while in those aged 55 or older, it was associated only with age and lymphatic invasion. Conclusion: For PTC patients aged 55 years or older with cT1b^≤1.5, AS could be a viable option due to the absence of a significant relationship between tumor size and occult central LN.</p>","PeriodicalId":12159,"journal":{"name":"European Thyroid Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140124379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting glucocorticoid effectiveness in thyroid eye disease: combined value from serological lipid metabolism and an orbital MRI parameter.","authors":"Haitao Zhang, Hao Hu, Yueyue Wang, Xinjie Duan, Lu Chen, Jiang Zhou, Wen Chen, Weizhong Zhang, Xiaoquan Xu, Huanhuan Chen","doi":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0109","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim was to determine the combined value of serological lipid metabolism and an orbital MRI quantitative parameter in predicting the effectiveness of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively enrolled 46 patients with active and moderate-to-severe TED (GC-effective group, n = 29; GC-ineffective group, n = 17). Serological lipid metabolism, the orbital MRI-based minimum signal intensity ratio of extraocular muscles (EOM-SIRmin), as well as other clinical parameters before GC therapy were collected and compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were adopted to identify independent predictable variables and assess their predictive performances.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the GC-ineffective group, the GC-effective group showed lower serum total cholesterol levels (P = 0.006), lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P = 0.019), higher EOM-SIRmin values (P = 0.005), and shorter disease durations (P = 0.017). Serum total cholesterol and EOM-SIRmin were found to be independent predictors of GC-effective TED through multivariate analysis (odds ratios = 0.253 and 2.036 per 0.1 units, respectively) (both P < 0.05). The integration of serum total cholesterol ≤4.8 mmol/L and EOM-SIRmin ≥ 1.12 had a better predictive efficacy (area under the curve, 0.834) than EOM-SIRmin alone, with a sensitivity of 75.9% and a specificity of 82.4% (P = 0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serological lipid metabolism, combined with an orbital MRI-derived parameter, was a useful marker for predicting the effectiveness of GCs in patients with active and moderate-to-severe TED.</p>","PeriodicalId":12159,"journal":{"name":"European Thyroid Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10895328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139490653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperthyroidism and the Risk of Non-Thyroid Cancer: A Danish Register-Based Long-Term Follow-Up Study","authors":"Thea Riis, Steen Joop Bonnema, Thomas Heiberg Brix, Lars Folkestad","doi":"10.1530/etj-23-0181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/etj-23-0181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Objectives: Cancer is the second most common cause of death worldwide. It is currently debated whether thyroid dysfunction is a modifiable cancer risk factor. Our aim was to evaluate the risk of cancer in patients with hyperthyroidism.\u0000</p>\u0000<p>Methods: This is a register-based nationwide cohort study of individuals with a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. Each hyperthyroid case was matched with four reference individuals according to age and sex. Using Fine and Gray competing risk regression models, we studied the association of hyperthyroidism and subsequent all-cause cancer diagnoses, adjusted for preexisting morbidity. Sub-analyses were stratified for cause of hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease and toxic nodular goiter, age when diagnosed with hyperthyroidism, sex, and cancer localization (lung-, prostate-, breast-, and colorectal).\u0000</p>\u0000<p>Results: The cohort consisted of 95,469 patients with hyperthyroidism (followed for a median of 10.9 years (range: 5.2-17.2)), and 364,494 reference individuals (followed for a median of 11.2 years (range: 5.4-17.4)). Hyperthyroidism was associated with increased all-cause cancer risk (sub-distribution hazard ratio (SHR): 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.14), as well as an increased risk of breast- (SHR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.02-1.13), lung- (SHR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.16-1.26), and prostate cancer (SHR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.02-1.19), but not colorectal cancer (SHR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99-1.09). Sub-analyses stratified for age when diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and cause of hyperthyroidism yielded similar results.\u0000</p>\u0000<p>Conclusion: In this register-based study, patients with hyperthyroidism had an increased risk of cancer, in particular lung, prostate, and breast cancer. Whether a causal link exists remains to be proven. </p>","PeriodicalId":12159,"journal":{"name":"European Thyroid Journal","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139761758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric complications in Graves' disease.","authors":"Mats Holmberg, Helge Malmgren, Peter F Berglund, Birgitta Johansson, Helena Filipsson Nyström","doi":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0247","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mood disorders are common in Graves' disease despite treatment. The pathogenic mechanisms involved are unknown and so is whether previous psychiatric disease influences these symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a longitudinal study conducted in Sweden on 65 women with newly diagnosed Graves' disease and 65 matched controls. Participants were examined during hyperthyroidism and after 15 months of treatment. Examinations included blood sampling, and psychiatric testing with the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale for Affective Syndromes and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV - Axis I Disorders. We also performed two analyses of a national population-based registry to determine previous psychiatric diagnoses and previous prescriptions of psychoactive drugs in (i) all patients we asked to participate and (ii) all Swedish women given a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism during 2013-2018, comparing them to matched controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no increased previous psychiatric comorbidity in Graves' patients compared to controls. There was no higher prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses and prescriptions of psychoactive drugs between (i) included GD patients compared to those who declined participation and (ii) women with a hyperthyroidism diagnosis in 5 years prior to their diagnosis, compared to matched controls. Depression scores and anxiety scores were higher in patients compared to controls both during hyperthyroidism (depression (median (IQR): 7.5 (5.0-9.5) vs 1.0 (0.5-2.5) P < 0.001), anxiety: 7.7 (5.0-11) vs 2.5 (1.0-4.0) P < 0.001) and after treatment (depression: 2.5 (1.5-5.0) vs 1.5 (0.5-3.5) P < 0.05), anxiety: 4.0 (2.5-7.5) vs 3.0 (1.5-5.0) P < 0.05). Patients with a previous psychiatric condition, mild eye symptoms, and a younger age had more anxiety at 15 months compared to patients without these symptoms and a higher age (all p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Graves' disease affects patients' mood despite treatment. A previous psychiatric condition, mild eye symptoms, and a younger age increase the vulnerability for long-lasting symptoms and require specific attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12159,"journal":{"name":"European Thyroid Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10895301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139432364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ETA-ESE statement on the European Chemicals Agency opinion on iodine as an endocrine disruptor.","authors":"Rodrigo Moreno-Reyes, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen, Agnieszka Piekiełko-Witkowska, Adriana Gaspar da Rocha, Corin Badiu, Josef Koehrle, Leonidas Duntas","doi":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0244","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2022, the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) made a statement concluding that iodine is an endocrine disruptor (ED). \"We stress the fact that the ECHA opinion ECHA/BPC/357/2022 is based on their misguidedly zooming in on exclusively the biocidal products (e.g., hand disinfectants, disinfection of animals' teats/udder, embalming fluids before cremation, etc.) that contain molecular iodine (I2), entirely neglecting [see the 2013 ECHA Regulation (EU) n°528/2012 describing iodine as being of \"great importance for human health\". Clearly, the current sweeping and erroneous classification of \"iodine\" as an endocrine disruptor is ill-advised. We moreover call upon the scientific and medical community at large to use the accurate scientific nomenclature, i.e., iodide or iodate instead of \"iodine\" when referring to iodized salts and food prepared there with. Drugs, diagnostic agents, and synthetic chemicals containing the element iodine in the form of covalent bonds must be correctly labelled ''iodinated'', if possible, using each time their distinctive and accurate chemical or pharmacological name.</p>","PeriodicalId":12159,"journal":{"name":"European Thyroid Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10959048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139697229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The diagnostic value of GICA used for intraoperative lymph node FNA-Tg measurement to evaluate thyroid cancer metastases.","authors":"Shaodong Hou, Yiceng Sun, Zeyu Yang, Mi Tang, Tingjie Yin, Cong Shao, Cunye Yan, Linlong Mo, Yuquan Yuan, Supeng Yin, Fan Zhang","doi":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0182","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is crucial to diagnose lymph node (LN) metastases (LNM) before or during thyroid carcinoma surgery. Measurement of thyroglobulin (Tg) in the fine needle aspirate washout (FNA-Tg) is useful to assist in the diagnosis of LNM for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of a new technique based on a colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic assay (GICA) for intraoperative FNA-Tg in diagnosing LNM.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial information: </strong>This study is registered with chictr.org.cn, ID: ChiCTR2200063561 (registered 11 September, 2022).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study enrolled 51 PTC patients who underwent cervical LN dissection. A total of 150 LNs dissected from the central and lateral compartments were evaluated by FNA-Tg-GICA at three different time points and compared with frozen sections and the conventional Tg measurement method electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC), cutoff value to discriminate benign and malignant LNs, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were provided.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cutoff value of FNA-Tg to predict LNM was 110.83 ng/mL for ECLIA and 13.19 ng/mL, 38.69 ng/mL, and 77.17 ng/mL for GICA at 3, 10, and 15 min, respectively. There was no significant difference between the AUCs of GICA at different time points compared to using ECLIA and frozen sections. Besides, the diagnostic performance of GICA and ECLIA showed no significant difference in evaluating LNM from central and lateral compartments or between the TgAb-positive subgroup and TgAb-negative subgroup.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GICA is a promising method for intraoperative FNA-Tg measurement and has high value in predicting LNM. It may be a novel alternative or supplementary method to frozen section or ECLIA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12159,"journal":{"name":"European Thyroid Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10895302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139106078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is intact in male insulin receptor substrate 4 knockout mice.","authors":"Emilie Brûlé, Xiang Zhou, Ying Wang, Evan R S Buddle, Luisina Ongaro, Mary Loka, Anita Boelen, Daniel Bernard","doi":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0054","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Loss of function mutations in the insulin receptor substrate 4 (IRS4) gene cause a rare form of X-linked congenital central hypothyroidism in boys and men. Affected individuals show decreased thyroid-stimulation hormone (TSH) secretion. Members of the IRS family canonically act as scaffold proteins between tyrosine kinase receptors and downstream effectors. How loss of IRS4 affects TSH synthesis or secretion is unresolved. We therefore assessed IRS4's role in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis of Irs4 knockout mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We generated two global Irs4 knockout mouse lines harboring either two or four base-pair deletions that result in frameshifts and loss of most of the IRS4 protein.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under normal laboratory conditions, Irs4 knockout males did not exhibit impairments in pituitary expression of TSH subunit genes (Tshb or Cga) or in the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor. Additionally, their serum thyroid hormone, T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine), and hypothalamic Trh expression levels were normal. When Irs4 knockouts were rendered hypothyroid with a low-iodine diet supplemented with propylthiouracil (PTU) for 3 weeks, their serum TSH increased similarly to wild-type males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, Irs4 knockout mice do not exhibit central hypothyroidism or otherwise appear to phenocopy IRS4 deficient patients. Compensation by another IRS protein may explain euthyroidism in these animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12159,"journal":{"name":"European Thyroid Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10895334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139563315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world clinical profile, RET mutation testing, treatments, and PROs for MTC in Europe.","authors":"Grace Segall, Ravinder Singh, Min-Hua Jen, Isaac Sanderson, Alex Rider, Katie Lewis, Urpo Kiiskinen","doi":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0172","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to describe real-world patient and physician characteristics, rearranged during transfection (RET) mutation testing and results, treatment patterns, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (aMTC) across five populous European countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional physician and patient surveys were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK from July to December 2020, prior to the introduction of selective RET inhibitors in Europe. Physicians completed patient record forms and a survey about their specialty and practice site. Patients were asked to provide PRO data using four validated instruments, including the EuroQol 5 Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The physician-reported sample included 275 patients with aMTC, including 79 patients with RET mutation-positive disease; median age was 60 and 56 years, respectively. Overall, 75% were tested for RET mutation (35% germline only, 21% somatic only, 44% both). Common physician-cited barriers to RET mutation testing included high cost, difficulty accessing latest tests, and time delay for results. First-line systemic therapy (most commonly vandetanib or cabozantinib) was prescribed for 69% of patients overall and 82% of the RET mutation-positive subgroup. Second-line therapy was prescribed for 12% of patients who received first-line therapy; most patients remained on first-line therapy at data capture. PROs revealed substantial disease/treatment burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with aMTC report substantial disease/treatment burden. Outcomes could be improved by identifying patients eligible for treatment with selective RET inhibitors through more optimal RET mutation testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12159,"journal":{"name":"European Thyroid Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10895329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the PRIODAC project on thyroid protection from radioactive iodine by repeated iodine intake in individuals aged 12.","authors":"Jean-Charles Martin, Thierry Pourcher, Guillaume Phan, Julien Guglielmi, Caroline Crambes, François Caire-Maurisier, Dalila Lebsir, David Cohen, Clément Rosique, Lun Jing, Maha Hichri, Lisa Salleron, Jacques Darcourt, Maamar Souidi, Marc Benderitter","doi":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0139","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ETJ-23-0139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intake of potassium iodide (KI) reduces the accumulation of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland in the event of possible contamination by radioactive iodine released from a nuclear facility. The WHO has stated the need for research for optimal timing, appropriate dosing regimen and safety for repetitive iodine thyroid blocking (ITB). The French PRIODAC project, addressed all these issues, involving prolonged or repeated releases of radioactive iodine. Preclinical studies established an effective dose through pharmacokinetic modeling, demonstrating the safety of repetitive KI treatment without toxicity.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Recent preclinical studies have determined an optimal effective dose for repetitive administration, associated with pharmacokinetic modelling. The results show the safety and absence of toxicity of repetitive treatment with KI. Good laboratory practice level preclinical studies corresponding to individuals > 12 years have shown a safety margin established between animal doses without toxic effect. After approval from the French health authorities, the market authorization of the 2 tablets of KI-65mg/day was defined with a new dosing scheme of a daily repetitive intake of the treatment up to 7 days unless otherwise instructed by the competent authorities for all categories of population except pregnant women, and children under the age of 12 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This new marketed authorization resulting from scientific-based evidence obtained as part of the PRIODAC project may serve as an example to further harmonize the application of KI for repetitive ITB in situations of prolonged radioactive release at the European and International levels, under the umbrella of the WHO.</p>","PeriodicalId":12159,"journal":{"name":"European Thyroid Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10895330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139502201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}