Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica最新文献

{"title":"Estimates of Speech Efficiency in Monolingual and Bilingual Speakers of English.","authors":"Yuting Song, Michael P Robb, Yang Chen","doi":"10.1159/000540671","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Speech Efficiency Score (SES) serves as an acoustic metric for assessing fluency in conversational speech within the temporal domain. This study leverages SES to investigate conversational speech efficiency among native speakers of American English (AE) compared to speakers of Mandarin-accented English (MAE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SES, speaking rate, articulation rate, and vocabulary diversity were measured and compared between two groups: native AE speakers and MAE speakers. The study utilized conversational speech samples collected from both groups to analyze these metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings indicate a disparity in speaking rate and articulation rate between the AE and MAE groups, with the AE group exhibiting significantly faster speech. However, no significant differences were observed in SES and vocabulary diversity between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results are discussed in the context of the interplay between speaking rate, speech fluency, and vocabulary diversity. These findings shed light on the maintenance of speech efficiency among bilingual speakers, suggesting that despite differences in speaking rate and articulation rate, SES and vocabulary diversity remain comparable between native AE speakers and MAE speakers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"170-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Suspension Pharyngeal Flap on Speech in Filipino Individuals with Velopharyngeal Insufficiency.","authors":"Cassandra Alighieri, Andrew Hodges, Jolien Verbeke, Katrien Kestens, Kim Bettens, Rica Albite, Raphaelle May Tan, Kristiane M Van Lierde","doi":"10.1159/000540308","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigated the effects of suspension pharyngeal flap surgery for velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) due to cleft palate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten Filipino individuals (mean age = 20.63 years, range = 8.4-34.9 years) with a cleft palate who underwent suspension pharyngeal flap surgery for VPI were included in this study. Perceptual and instrumental speech assessments were conducted at two different time points: before surgery (data point 1) and after surgery (data point 2, range = 4-26 weeks postoperatively). Speech intelligibility in different contexts and satisfaction with speech were assessed by the participants themselves using a self-report questionnaire. Additionally, the risk for obstructive sleep apnea was assessed using the Berlin Questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Velopharyngeal gap size significantly decreased after the surgery. Additionally, significant improvements in speech understandability and acceptability were observed following the suspension pharyngeal flap procedure. Besides, a significant reduction in hypernasality, nasal emission, and the occurrence of passive articulation errors was seen. No difference in the occurrence of active articulation errors was observed when comparing data pre- and post-surgery. The ten individuals reported to be significantly more intelligible in different contexts after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Improved speech was observed in individuals who received the suspension pharyngeal flap procedure. This procedure also positively influences an individual's intelligibility in different contexts in daily life. In individuals with persisting active articulation errors, post-surgery speech therapy will still be necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"180-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Supraglottic Activity during Vocalization in Flamenco Singers.","authors":"Irene Hermoso, Miguel Rodriguez, Camilo Quezada, Marco Guzmán","doi":"10.1159/000540252","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Flamenco is a traditional music originally from Andalusia in southern Spain. Some of the vocal resources used in Flamenco have components of voice distortion and other voice qualities that could sound like hyperfunctional voice productions. The present study aimed at observing supraglottic activity in flamenco singers while engaged in singing at various degrees of pitch and loudness and while engaged in realizing phonatory tasks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of eighteen flamenco singers with at least 5 years of voice training were recruited. Flexible endoscopic voice evaluations were recorded and edited to provide samples of different pitches, loudness levels, and phonatory tasks. Sound was removed from video samples. Two blinded laryngologists were asked to assess antero-posterior compression, medial compression, pharyngeal compression, and VLP for every sample, using a visual analog scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly higher values were found for medial compression, anterior-posterior compression, VLP and pharyngeal compression during high loudness levels when compared to medium and low loudness. Overall, medial compression was lower than anterior-posterior compression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Supraglottic activity is present in flamenco singing in the four laryngoscopic variables. It seems to be that supraglottic activity increases with loudness level and pitch. This behavior could be a natural and necessary aspect of flamenco singing present during both sustained vowels and song.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"90-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation of the Stuttering Anticipation Scale in Turkish.","authors":"Halil Tayyip Uysal, Nazmiye Atila-Caglar, Ibrahim Erensoy, Aysen Kose, Eric S Jackson, Halil Tayyip Uysal","doi":"10.1159/000543912","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anticipation is a covert aspect of stuttering that plays a crucial role in the lives of adults who stutter (AWS). It can influence anxiety levels or provide an opportunity for self-regulation. For assessing anticipation in stuttering, the Stuttering Anticipation Scale (SAS) was developed. This study aimed to develop a Turkish version of the SAS (SAS-TR) and evaluate its validity and reliability.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Ninety-four AWS (aged 18-40 years) participated in the study. They completed SAS-TR and demographic information form either face-to-face or online. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of the SAS-TR were assessed. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was also conducted as part of the construct validity evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SAS-TR scale demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.947) and high test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.973). SAS-TR total score and its subdimensions showed acceptable to high positive correlations among themselves (ranging from r = 0.209 to r = 0.962). Factor loadings for the SAS-TR items ranged between 0.572 and 0.899, exceeding 0.300 and indicating suitability for EFA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SAS-TR exhibits valid and reliable properties for Turkish-speaking AWS. It is recommended for use in both research and clinical settings to enhance understanding of anticipatory behaviors in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"393-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Voice Therapy after Endolaryngeal Microsurgery Contribute to the Treatment of Vocal Fold Polyp?","authors":"Gökhan Toptas, Gökhan Toptas, Emel Çadallı Tatar, Kemal Keseroğlu, Mustafa Şahin, Elife Barmak, Esma Altan, Mehmet Hakan Korkmaz","doi":"10.1159/000545213","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of voice therapy (VT) to management of patients following surgery for vocal fold polyps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective study, two groups were created by randomizing patients diagnosed with vocal fold polyps. Group 1 received only phonosurgery, and group 2 received phonosurgery followed by VT. Subjective test methods conducted before and after treatment were evaluated comparatively. Videolaryngostroboscopy, the Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10), and voice analysis parameters, including fundamental frequency variation (vF0), jitter percent (Jitt%), shimmer percent (Shim%), noise-to-harmonic ratio, and maximum phonation time (MPT), were compared before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data of 40 patients, 15 (37.5%) women and 25 (62.5%) men, were examined in this study. Significant reductions were observed in the pre- and post-treatment values in the Voice Handicap Index-10 and GRBAS scale (p < 0.001). In terms of aerodynamic analysis, a decrease was observed in the S/Z ratio in both groups after treatment. Regarding MPT, a statistically significant increase was observed following treatment in (1) both groups (p < 0.001) and (2) group 2 versus group 1 (p < 0.001). In terms of acoustic voice analysis, both groups showed an increase in fundamental frequency (F0) and a statistically significant decrease in jitter and shimmer values. When comparing these parameter changes, it was observed that group 2 had a statistically significant difference compared to group 1 (F0: p = 0.082; Jitt: p = 0.014; Shim: p = 0.035, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study comparing the outcomes of vocal fold polyp treatment using only surgery versus surgery combined with VT, it was found that the addition of VT to endolaryngeal phonosurgery provided a significant positive contribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"495-505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Referral Patterns to Speech and Language Therapy in the UK before, during, and after the COVID-19 Pandemic: Dysphagia Compared with Communication Disorders.","authors":"Yuki Yoshimatsu, Pamela Mary Enderby, Dharinee Hansjee, David G Smithard","doi":"10.1159/000539436","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acquired swallowing impairment is a major public health issue that often leads to increased morbidity and slower recovery. Speech and language therapists (SLTs) have taken the lead in the assessment and treatment of dysphagia, which is reflected in guidelines where early intervention is recommended. This is in addition to the central role that SLTs play in the management of acquired communication impairments since research indicates that patients with communication difficulties benefit from early and intensive therapy by SLTs. This increasing demand for SLTs is expected to cause conflicting pressures in their workload and, therefore, beneficial to consider workforce planning. The aim of this study was to examine real-world data in the UK to investigate this issue regarding changes in referral patterns of patients with dysphagia and/or communication disorders to SLTs over time, to assist with workforce planning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We interrogated the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists Online Outcome Tool, a national database, in this retrospective cohort study. We included patients evaluated between 2018 and 2022. We performed a subgroup analysis of patients aged ≥40 years who had a primary medical diagnosis of stroke. Data on age, primary diagnosis, time on caseload, primary Therapeutic Outcome Measure (TOM) scale and initial TOM score on impairment were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the database of 44,444 referrals to speech and language therapy, 5,254 referrals were included in the stroke and overall subgroup analyses. Referrals were 55.1% male, with a median age of 71 years. More than half (56.1%) of these referrals were for dysphagia. Referrals decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic but began to recover from 2021 onwards. The time on the SLT caseload has increased over the years from a median of 14 days (interquartile range [IQR] 0-56) in 2018 to 20 days (IQR: 3-81) in 2022. While there were more referrals to SLT services for assessment and management of dysphagia than for communication in the overall population, in the stroke subgroup, referrals for communication disorders outnumbered referrals for dysphagia from 2020 onwards. Additionally, the severity of impairment on referral increased over the years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Real-world data indicates that referrals to SLT services are changing over time to include more complex and severely impaired patients, with a demand for both swallowing and communication disorders. These findings should inform staff allocation and remodelling of education/training for SLTs to better meet clinical and public health needs. The retrospective nature of this study limits the strength and generalisability of these data, and this topic warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"70-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Dysphonic Schoolteachers' Voices on Children's Reaction Times according to Phonemic Contrasts.","authors":"Amelia Pettirossi, Nicolas Audibert, Lise Crevier-Buchman","doi":"10.1159/000539562","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This paper aimed at observing the impact of dysphonic voice on children's reception of a linguistic message by evaluating their reaction times (RTs) to instructions given by functional dysphonic and control female schoolteachers (STs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>French minimal pairs such as /muʃ/ (\"mouche\" fly) versus /buʃ/ (\"bouche\" mouth) embedded in a carrier sentence \"click on the drawing of…\" were produced by two groups of 10 dysphonic and control female ST, matched in age and year of experience. The phonemical contrasts observed are voicing, nasality, consonantal place of articulation, vowel roundedness, and vowel place of articulation. The experimentation was presented in the form of a computer game to children from 7 to 10 years old. Two images illustrating the target words were presented, accompanied by the oral instructions recorded by ST. With a two-button box created for the experiment, children had to click as quickly as possible on the image corresponding to the instruction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results show that the RTs of all children are affected by the ST's dysphonia, regardless of their age and that they have significantly longer RT when discriminating minimal pairs contrasting in voicing when the instruction is given by a dysphonic speaker compared to the same instruction given by a control speaker.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These observations could be explained by the fact that functional dysphonia is associated with improper use of the vocal folds and thus an alteration of voicing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"79-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functionality and Quality of Life within the Speech-Language Pathology Assessment Context: Analysis from the Structural Equation Modeling Perspective.","authors":"Marina Garcia de Souza Borges, Adriane Mesquita de Medeiros, Stela Maris Aguiar Lemos, Marina Borges","doi":"10.1159/000543862","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Quality of life and functionality are relevant in an approach based on the biopsychosocial model. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the influence of clinical, sociodemographic, and functionality aspects on the quality of life of children and adolescents undergoing speech-language evaluation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional analytical observational study conducted with 84 Brazilian children and adolescents. The Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0™ were applied, and data were collected on sex, complaints, SPL diagnostic hypothesis, as well as on the Body Functions, Activities and Participation, and Environmental Factors components of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). Factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis, with a 5% significance level applied to the final models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Male sex and clinical-care variables had a direct and negative influence on functionality in the first two models (p < 0.05). Activities and Participation had a positive direct effect on self-reported quality of life (p = 0.031; β = 0.282) and parent/caregiver-reported quality of life (p = 0.003; β = 0.387). Parent-reported quality of life was negatively influenced by complaints of orofacial motricity alterations, while self-reported quality of life was positively influenced by the diagnostic hypothesis of speech disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results show that sex and clinical-care complaints negatively influenced functionality, while Activities and Participation positively influenced quality of life. The use of structural equation modeling proved to be an important strategy for analyzing ICF and quality of life in SLP practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"401-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Food Type on Pharyngeal Residue, Penetration, and Aspiration: A Prospective Study of 50 Dysphagic Adults.","authors":"James A Curtis, Anaïs Rameau, Christine M Clark, Mel Grasso, Brandon Jagdhar, Valentina Mocchetti","doi":"10.1159/000545918","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) is a procedure used widely to assess pharyngeal residue, penetration, and aspiration in people with dysphagia. While the types of liquids and purees used during FEES are known to significantly affect swallowing outcomes during FEES, it is unknown if similar effects are observed with regular chewable foods. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of food type on ratings of pharyngeal residue, penetration, and aspiration during FEES. As a secondary aim, we assessed the effects of food type on oral processing, as measured by the number of masticatory cycles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pharyngeal residue, penetration, and aspiration were assessed in consecutive outpatient dysphagic adults undergoing routine FEES. Patients were presented with four types of foods (one trial each in a randomized order): saltine cracker, graham cracker, shortbread cookie, and shortbread cookie with pudding. Foods were matched by volume. All data were blindly analyzed by pairs of independent raters using the Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety (VASES). Multilevel statistical models were used to examine the effects of food type on oropharyngeal residue, hypopharyngeal residue, Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores, and number of masticatory cycles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 193 food trials were analyzed across 50 FEES. Oropharyngeal residue was greatest with saltine crackers compared to all other food types. Hypopharyngeal residue was greater for shortbread cookies compared to saltine crackers and for shortbread cookies with pudding compared to saltine crackers and graham crackers. Shortbread cookies with pudding required fewer masticatory cycles compared to all other food types.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified significant differences in oropharyngeal residue, hypopharyngeal residue, and oral processing but not penetration or aspiration, across food types in this group of outpatient dysphagic adults. These data suggest that clinicians and researchers should consider standardizing the type of regular chewable foods used during FEES. Future research should examine the generalizability of findings in people with more severe swallow impairments and in more specific patient populations. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"595-605"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12158405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic Character Governing Variation in Normal, Benign, and Malignant Voices.","authors":"Boquan Liu, Jianhan Lei, Owen P Wischhoff, Katerina A Smereka, Jack J Jiang","doi":"10.1159/000540255","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Benign and malignant vocal fold lesions (VFLs) are growths that occur on the vocal folds. However, the treatments for these two types of lesions differ significantly. Therefore, it is imperative to use a multidisciplinary approach to properly recognize suspicious lesions. This study aimed to determine the important acoustic characteristics specific to benign and malignant VFLs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The acoustic model of voice quality was utilized to measure various acoustic parameters in 157 participants, including individuals with normal, benign, and malignant conditions. The study comprised 62 female and 95 male participants (43 ± 10 years). Voice samples were collected at the Shanghai Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University between May 2020 and July 2021. The acoustic variables of the participants were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to present important acoustic characteristics that are specific to normal vocal folds, benign VFLs, and malignant VFLs. The similarities and differences in acoustic factors were also studied for benign conditions including Reinke's edema, polyps, cysts, and leukoplakia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using the PCA method, the components that accounted for the variation in the data were identified, highlighting acoustic characteristics in the normal, benign, and malignant groups. The analysis indicated that coefficients of variation in root mean square energy were observed solely within the normal group. Coefficients of variation in pitch (F0) were found to be significant only in benign voices, while higher formant frequencies and their variability were identified as contributors to the acoustic variance within the malignant group. The presence of formant dispersion (FD) as a weighted factor in PCA was exclusively noted in individuals with Reinke's edema. The amplitude ratio between subharmonics and harmonics (SHR) and its coefficients of variation were evident exclusively in the polyps group. In the case of voices with cysts, both pitch (F0) and coefficients of variation for FD were observed to contribute to variations. Additionally, higher formant frequencies and their coefficients of variation played a role in the acoustic variance among voices of patients with leukoplakia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Experimental evidence demonstrates the utility of the PCA method in the identification of vibrational alterations in the acoustic characteristics of voice affected by lesions. Furthermore, the PCA analysis has highlighted underlying acoustic differences between various conditions such as Reinke's edema, polyps, cysts, and leukoplakia. These findings can be used in the future to develop an automated malignant voice analysis algorithm, which will facilitate timely intervention and management of vocal fold conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}