QScience Connect最新文献

{"title":"An emerging nation, its Arabic theatre heritage and the influence of English-language stage drama","authors":"A. Weber, Kim C. Sturgess","doi":"10.5339/CONNECT.2021.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/CONNECT.2021.2","url":null,"abstract":"The authors analyse and decode several unique features of theatrical culture and the teaching and performance of Shakespeare in the oil-rich Arabian Gulf nation of Qatar. What could be described as a traditional and conservative Bedouin society, Qataris have with little native tradition of the performing arts nevertheless uneasily allowed the development of both an Arabic-language and English-language theatre culture. Parallel to national theatre efforts has been an equally prominent English expatriate drama tradition stretching back to the 1950s in Doha. As part of economic diversification strategies (since almost all government revenues are derived from petroleum and natural gas production), the government of the State of Qatar has embarked on a number of cultural development projects, including new museums, heritage preservation, book publishing, music and theatre, and educational development (for example, the higher education hub called Education City). Some of this social and economic development focuses on local culture, while other initiatives encourage international engagement with well-known Western cultural icons such as Shakespeare, as well as contemporary visual artists including Damien Hirst, Richard Serra and Luc Tuymans, to signal Qatar's desire to brand itself as an emerging, sophisticated and cosmopolitan nation. This study examines the ambivalence in Qatar towards the Western artistic influence as a form of cultural imperialism and erosive of Muslim values, yet the local fondness for English culture in part due to Britain's protectorship over the Gulf states in the form of the maritime truces and Political Resident system. Tracing the history of the Doha Players troupe, as well as the state-sponsored Qatar National Theatre, provides the context for the difficulties in presenting The Tempest to a local audience in November 2015. The directors faced the challenges of censorship, logistical concerns and the tradition of gender segregation that permeates all layers of society and education. This study presents a complex and conflicting portrait of Qataris’ ambivalent attitudes not only towards Shakespeare, but also towards Qatar's colonial heritage, Western literature, modernity, the newly dominant Anglo-American paradigm of education (related to the rise of global Englishes) and the extraordinary transformation of Qatar from a traditional mixed beddu/hadar culture to a significant regional power broker within two generations.","PeriodicalId":121009,"journal":{"name":"QScience Connect","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115531278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital diplomacy during the first 100 days: How GCC ministries of foreign affairs and ministers tweeted the blockade","authors":"Tarfa Al-Mansouri, Haya Al-Mohannadi, Mariam Feroun","doi":"10.5339/CONNECT.2021.SPT.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/CONNECT.2021.SPT.1","url":null,"abstract":"Since the sudden outbreak of what is known as the GCC crisis or the blockade on June 5, 2017, the four nations in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) involved in the conflict –the State of Qatar, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and the Kingdom of Bahrain – have found themselves in a diplomatic race for the support of their position on the rift in traditional media, as well as on social media platforms. This paper focuses on the different ways the ministries of foreign affairs (MOFAs) and the ministers of foreign affairs (MFAs) used Twitter as an instrument of digital diplomacy during the first 100 days of the GCC crisis. In general, states tweet on a daily basis, and the ways in which a sovereign state presents itself online offers an insight into the patterns of representation of state identity, strategy, emotional expression, and recognition of others. This study is based on the content analysis of tweets created by the MOFAs and their respective MFAs of the GCC, with a focus on Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Bahrain over the first 100 days of the crisis (June 5, 2017–September 13, 2017). This paper uses different types of tweets to examine the various kinds of political and diplomatic discourses perpetuated on Twitter by the GCC officials, in order to engage the online public sphere and navigate the domestic and international discourses. For example, if ministers engage in dialogue with their followers, then they are exercising a two-way digital diplomacy approach via Twitter. On the contrary, when they tweet about their bilateral meetings, it is an example of a one-way digital diplomacy approach, since they do not require any response from their followers. It was of specific interest to examine the differences of topic, content, and frequency of tweets, through the communication in Arabic and English. The study shows that the countries engaged in discourse around the topic of the blockade, but the type of discourse differed significantly depending on the state itself. While some chose to focus on the idea of legitimizing their stance on the topic of the blockade (i.e. Saudi Arabia), others were more direct in voicing their viewpoint, creating specific hashtags such as “#boycottQatar” (i.e. Bahrain). In addition, Qatar differed significantly in terms of the volume of tweets and the topic, tweeting often in both Arabic and English and shifting their focus towards affirming their strong diplomatic relations with countries outside the GCC, such as the Republic of Turkey. Overall, this study aims to compare the way the four GCC countries used Twitter, in order to engage their local and international communities to disseminate an image or a message.","PeriodicalId":121009,"journal":{"name":"QScience Connect","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133597564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communicable Disease Center Pharmacy's prudent response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the State of Qatar","authors":"R. Hassanin, F. Rustom","doi":"10.5339/CONNECT.2021.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/CONNECT.2021.1","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to present the effective response of Communicable Disease Center in Hamad Medical Corporation as the first and the central healthcare facility facing the COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar. The pharmacy leadership team designed new strategies to handle the new workload quantitatively and qualitatively. Outpatient pharmacy expanded the scope of service to manage all refill requests for COVID-19 cases in 12 quarantine centers across Qatar. Inpatient pharmacy automation adopted new workflows to maintain efficient infection control methods after considering that the new workload was four times higher than the pre-pandemic workload. This also highlighted the efforts that the Clinical Pharmacy Service made during the pandemic and its significant role in raising awareness and education to prevent prescription errors despite the increase in the overall number of orders from approximately 7000 Rx per month to approximately 22,000 Rx per month. The outcomes showed that the prudent response plan paid off successfully during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":121009,"journal":{"name":"QScience Connect","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116661596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-cultivar variability at microsatellite loci in date palm cultivars across the GCC countries","authors":"K. Elmeer, I. Mattat, A. A. Malki, A. Al-Mamari, A. Al-Jabri, Alaa Buhendi, Shaima Alkhabaz, Amani Abu-Idrees, Abdullaziz Abdulkaream, S. Udupa, M. Baum","doi":"10.5339/connect.2020.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/connect.2020.3","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we characterized 30 date palm trees of Khalas cultivar from the GCC countries, along with seven male trees from Qatar, using 14 microsatellite loci. The results showed that the microsatellites [(GA)n] in the date palm cultivar Khalas varied considerably in allele size (range = 120–322 bp, mean = 189.78), which revealed a high degree of gene diversity (range = 0.66–0.85, mean = 0.75) and distinguished all the individual Khalas trees within and among the GCC countries. The extent of polymorphism microsatellite loci was dependent on individual loci itself, which was positively correlated with the number of repeats at the corresponding microsatellite loci. The estimates of the skewness and kurtosis of the allelic distributions showed that none of the distribution of 14 microsatellite loci was considered normal (skewness = 0, kurtosis = 3), which suggested that the shape of the allelic distribution of these loci varied by chance. In the majority of the cases, the microsatellite allele size of the most frequent allele (mode) was very close to the median ( ± 2 bp or ± (GA)1), which indicated that the most frequent allele was the ancestral allele. Nearly half of the allelic distributions of the 14 microsatellite loci were positively skewed and the other half was negatively skewed, which indicated that the alleles evolved respectively by gaining and losing of (GA)n repeats from the ancestral allele, resulting in intra-cultivar variability in Khalas cultivar over the generations. Based on this analysis, we conclude that the Khalas variety did not evolve independently at multiple origins, but rather it evolved from a single origin and, subsequently, the clones were distributed across the GCC countries. The accumulated mutations of these clones over time resulted in drastic changes among them at the microsatellite loci.","PeriodicalId":121009,"journal":{"name":"QScience Connect","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125077915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"إشكالية تحويل الجنس في القانون القطري والقانون المقارن","authors":"ريمه صالح المانع, جابر محجوب علي محجوب, طارق جمعه السيد راشد","doi":"10.5339/connect.2020.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/connect.2020.2","url":null,"abstract":"ملخص: 1 هذا البحث يلقي الضوء على إشكالية بدأت منذ زمن بعيد إلا أنها أصبحت في وقتنا الحالي تنتشر، فالله سبحانه وتعالى خلق الإنسان وجعل منه «الذكر والأنثى». فكانت خطيئة الإنسان أن يحاول تغيير خلق الله سبحانه وتعالى، فمع تطور العلم أصبح المجتمع في تطور، ولكن التطور سلاح ذو حدين. اذ ان مع هذا التطور ولدت فئة شذت عن القاعدة تنقسم لطائفتين: فئة مصابة بمرض عضوي اسمه «الخنوثة». وفئة لا تعاني من أي علة خلقية، ولكن علتها الوحيدة هي ذهنها، تعتقد أنها تنتمي للجنس الآخر، فتقدم هذه الفئة الى إجراء عمليات لتحويل جنسها من ذكر إلى أنثى والعكس. الموضوع له أهمية كبيرة من الناحية العملية والنظرية: الأهمية العملية: تكمن في أن هذه الفئات تجري عمليات خارج الدولة لتحويل جنسها ثم تقوم بالرجوع وتطالب الدولة بتعديل بياناتها وإن رفضت لجأت للقضاء، بالتالي يجعل هذه الفئة في وضع قانوني غير واضح في الدولة. الأهمية النظرية: تكمن في أنه لا يوجد تشريع نظم هذه المسألة تنظيما متكاملا سواء في قطر أو في الدول العربية، على عكس التوجه الغربي الذي تعرض للمسألة ونظمها، مما جعل المسألة متجاهلة بالرغم من النتائج الخطيرة التي تترتب عليها. تقسيم الموضوع: هذا البحث ألقى الضوء على مسألة تحويل الجنس من الناحية القانونية، وذلك بالوقوف على موقف الدول الغربية بشكل عام والعربية بشكل خاص من تحويل الجنس بشقيه، مع التركيز على التوجه العربي لاختلاف المرجع القانوني والثقافي بين المجتمعات الغربية والعربية، لذلك لم يتم إهمال موقف الدول الغربية ولكن التركيز الأكبر كان على القوانين أو التشريعات العربية التي شملت: دولة مصر، لبنان، العراق، الإمارات، الكويت، وبالتأكيد قطر. النتائج: تحويل الجنس ينقسم إلى تصحيح الجنس وذلك عندما يكون الشخص مصاب بعيب خلقي يستدعي إجراء عملية للوقوف على حقيقته الجنسية. والشريعة الإسلامية تبيح هذا التحول فهو تصحيح وليس تغييرا. بينما التغيير هو أن يقدم شخص كامل الذكورة أو الأنوثة إلى إجراء عملية تشويهية ليتشكل في شكل الجنس الاخر معتقدا بأنه غير خلقته، وغالبا ما يقدم على ذلك المصابين بمرض نفسي «اضطراب الهوية الجنسية»، والشريعة الإسلامية حرمت هذا النوع من العمليات؛ بالتالي يكون تغيير الجنس غير جائز شرعا لما فيه من تشويه وتغيير لخلق الله تعالى، وهذا ما سارت عليه التطبيقات القضائية العربية. وأما بالنسبة لموقف المشرع القطري فقد امتنع عن تنظيم المسألة من الناحية القانونية بالتالي كان موقفه مشابها لموقف أغلب الدول العربية. التوصيات: ضرورة تنظيم المسألة تشريعيا. علاج المصابين باضطراب الهوية الجنسية في المصحات النفسية. توعية المجتمع بمفهوم الخنوثة العضوية ومرض اضطراب الهوية الجنسية. لذلك كان لا بد من دراسة الموضوع على أمل أن يكون هذا البحث نواة لتشريع مستقبلي أو تنظيم خاص. This research sheds some light on a phenomenon, which has started to spread at present times, God created humankind to be “male and female.”Then it is humankind's sin changing Allah's creation. With the development of science, society is developing, but development is a double-edged sword. It has facilitated life but made it easy to deviate from the ordinary, instinct, and Islamic Sharia law. As a result, the phenomenon of changing sex has emerged. This is divided into two categories: 1) those who are infected with organic condition or illness, (called Hermaphroditism or Intersex); 2) those who do not have any illness but bel","PeriodicalId":121009,"journal":{"name":"QScience Connect","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116418128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"الدَّوْرُ التَّشْرِيعِيُّ للسُّلْطَةِ التَّنفِيذِيَّةِ فِي ظِلِّ الدُّسْتُورِ القَطَرِيّ- دِرَاسَة مُقَارنَة","authors":"آمنه محمد الخاطر, مهند مختار نوح","doi":"10.5339/connect.2020.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/connect.2020.4","url":null,"abstract":"ملخص شهدت النظم السياسية الحديثة تراجعا كبيرا لدور البرلمان، مما أدى إلى هيمنة السلطة التنفيذية وتدخلها في المجال التشريعي، فتقوم هذه الرسالة على توضيح الدور المهم للسلطة التنفيذية في العملية التشريعية من خلال تحديد المجال والأدوات التشريعية المحجوزة للقانون واللوائح في دولة قطر وجمهورية فرنسا وجمهورية مصر العربية. كما عملت على تحديد السلطات المختصة التي تمارس العملية التشريعية على سلم السلطة التنفيذية وفقا لدستور كل دولة من الدول محل المقارنة وقوانينها. The modern political systems have seen a significant retreat in the role of parliament, which led to the dominance of the executive power and its interference in the legislative domain. This research clarifies the important role of the executive power in the legislative scope and tools, reserved for law and regulations, in Qatar, France and Egypt. Moreover, it identifies the competent authorities that are practicing the legislative process in the executive power in accordance with the constitution and laws of each of these comparative countries.","PeriodicalId":121009,"journal":{"name":"QScience Connect","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128361040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-time air pollution (PM2.5) measurements in Education City, Doha, Qatar: Evaluating data from two different photometric monitors","authors":"Kevin Zhai, Mohammad Bhatti, Omar Khalil, L. Khalil, M. Al-Hail, Mohammad S Yousef","doi":"10.5339/CONNECT.2020.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/CONNECT.2020.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Given the health hazards posed by particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), the need exists for simple, cost-effective, and real-time methods to monitor air quality with high spatio-temporal resolution. Direct-reading photometric detection is one modality of real-time PM2.5 monitoring. However, photometric data often require post hoc correction factors specific to individual manufacturers, meteorological conditions, and particle sizes and compositions. Methods: We methodically compared and evaluated PM2.5 concentration values collected by two different photometric monitors (TSI Environmental Monitor 8540 and MetOne ES-642) in Education City, Doha, Qatar. We analyzed the data collected by the two monitors in two different locations in September and December 2019, and side-by-side for two weeks in February 2020. Correlation and linear regression analyses were conducted to determine correction factors between the two monitors. Results and Discussion: The results indicate that both monitors reported almost identical trends in PM2.5 concentration, while the TSI monitor exaggerated the values by approximately twofold. When correlation-based corrections were applied, data from the two monitors matched almost perfectly for all comparison periods. As correction factors between PM2.5 sensors may vary based on in situ conditions, calibration must therefore be conducted on a case-by-case basis. However, our methodologies could constitute a template for future development of cross-calibration strategies. In addition, we determined average PM2.5 concentrations in Education City for each study period. These values were lower than those previously reported for other locations in Qatar during similar seasons. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the relevance of the microenvironment when assessing PM2.5 levels for public health purposes. This investigation is expected to support and inform air quality management and mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":121009,"journal":{"name":"QScience Connect","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125643891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of job satisfaction on nurses’ work lives: A literature review","authors":"Aisha Hamad Al-Qahtani, Bridget Stirling, Daniel Forgrave","doi":"10.5339/connect.2020.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/connect.2020.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many outcomes in nurses’ work lives are influenced by their job satisfaction. Background: One of the tools that measures nurses’ job satisfaction is the McCloskey/Mueller Job Satisfaction tool. Several databases were accessed to identify studies published after 2002 that measured nurses’ job satisfaction using the McCloskey/Mueller Job Satisfaction tool and identified an outcome related to work lives of nurses. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to explore the relationship between job satisfaction and outcomes related to nurses’ work lives. Methodology: The framework developed by Cronin, Ryan, and Coughlan was used for this review. Articles included in this review met the following criteria: studies that used the MMSS (McCloskey/Mueller Nurse Job Satisfaction Scale) tool, articles that were written in English, studies that focused on nurses and outcomes related to nurses’ work lives, and articles that were published in peer-reviewed journals. The exclusion criteria included articles that were not from original research, articles that were written before 2002, gray literature, and studies that did not have ethical approval. The Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Tool was used to appraise each article’s quality. Results: Eighteen articles were chosen for inclusion in this review. Nurses’ job satisfaction had several key impacts on nurses’ work lives. Five themes that reflected the outcomes of nurses’ job satisfaction were identified: commitment to the workplace, workplace environment, emotional status, career ladder, and accountability. Conclusions: The findings show that workplace commitment, workplace environment, emotional status, career ladder, and accountability contribute to nurses’ job satisfaction. These factors need to be taken into account in developing interventions to increase nurses’ job satisfaction and their work output.","PeriodicalId":121009,"journal":{"name":"QScience Connect","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116726543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between body mass index (BMI) percentile and asthma in children of 5–12 years old: A case–control study using electronic medical records in Primary Health Care Corporation, Qatar 2016–2017","authors":"S. T. Veettil, A. Alnuaimi","doi":"10.5339/CONNECT.2019.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/CONNECT.2019.6","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Over the last several decades, obesity and asthma prevalence have risen among children. The increase in overweight and obesity has been associated with an increased risk of asthma in children. Most epidemiological studies have proposed that a high body mass index (BMI) at infancy and early childhood increases the risk of asthma in children. A recently adopted electronic recording system for health service encounters in Primary Health Care Corporation of Qatar has provided a convenient opportunity to assess the possible link between asthma and obesity in children aged 5–12 years. Objectives: To calculate the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity among asthmatic children aged 5–12 years using primary health care centers during 2016–2017. To measure the strength of the association between BMI and asthma in children aged 5–12 years after adjusting for age, gender, and nationality. Methodology: This was a case–control study on the electronic health records of children aged 5–12 years who visited one of the primary health care centers during the two-year study period (2016–2017). A total of 9889 children with a diagnosis of asthma and valid BMI measurements were included in the case group, and an identical number of children who visited the health care centers for other reasons and had valid BMI measurements were randomly enrolled in the control group. Results: The prevalence of obesity (BMI-for-age Z-score >2) was significantly higher among asthmatics (24.9%) compared with non-asthmatic controls (17.7%). Asthma significantly increased the risk of being obese by 41% in bivariate analysis. The calculated risk estimate for the association between asthma and obesity increased to 70% after adjusting for the confounding effect of age, gender, and nationality. Conclusions: The present observational study based on a large sample of 5 to 12-year-old children documented a strong association between asthma and obesity (BMI-for-age Z-score 2 or above). This positive association between asthma and high BMI was stronger among older children, females, and Qatari nationals.","PeriodicalId":121009,"journal":{"name":"QScience Connect","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116325748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and relatedness in Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) revealed by SSR markers","authors":"K. Elmeer, Imene Matatt, Ameena Al-Malki, Md Samsul Alam","doi":"10.5339/connect.2019.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/connect.2019.3","url":null,"abstract":"Information on genetic relatedness can be used to control the rate of inbreeding by applying the sib-avoidance mating strategy. Estimation of genetic relatedness based on molecular markers is a potential technique to infer the degree of genetic relationships among individuals identified as parent–offspring, full-sib, half-sib, and unrelated pairs. The objectives of the study were to assess the genetic variation, the population structure, and the level of inbreeding and relatedness in seven different collections of Oryx leucoryx based on the analysis of 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci, in order to provide information about the impact of captive breeding management. The analysis revealed that the mean number of alleles per locus, the polymorphic information content, and the observed and expected heterozygosity across the loci were 6.46 ± 0.95, 0.523 ± 0.028, 0.391 ± 0.032, and 0.583 ± 0.031, respectively. The inbreeding coefficient was found to be significant in five of the seven collections. The structure analysis identified two groups among the 96 individuals. The pairwise relatedness (rXYW) in the combined sample followed the distributions expected under the unrelated category. A low level of heterozygosity and a high level of inbreeding and relatedness were found in the samples of O. leucoryx collected from Qatar. As individual animals can be identified by tags, this relatedness information can be used to control the rate of inbreeding by avoiding mating between close relatives.","PeriodicalId":121009,"journal":{"name":"QScience Connect","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128775849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}