Panagiotis Theofilis, Panayotis K Vlachakis, George Koutsopoulos, Ioannis Kachrimanidis, Panagiotis Iliakis, Nikolaos Ktenopoulos, Polykarpos Christos Patsalis, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Konstantinos Tsioufis
{"title":"Post-treatment risks of transcatheter aortic valve implantation: should we be increasing preventative measures?","authors":"Panagiotis Theofilis, Panayotis K Vlachakis, George Koutsopoulos, Ioannis Kachrimanidis, Panagiotis Iliakis, Nikolaos Ktenopoulos, Polykarpos Christos Patsalis, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Konstantinos Tsioufis","doi":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2749914","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2749914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become an established treatment for severe aortic stenosis across an expanding risk spectrum. As indications extend to younger and lower-risk patients, post-treatment complications with implications for survival, quality of life, and valve durability require attention.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This narrative review discusses major post-TAVI complications with direct implications for procedural planning and lifetime management, including cerebrovascular events, conduction abnormalities, coronary obstruction and aortic root injury, bioprosthetic valve dysfunction, valve thrombosis, residual regurgitation, and TAVI-associated infective endocarditis. Evidence was reviewed from pivotal randomized trials, contemporary registries, consensus documents, systematic reviews, and mechanistic studies addressing incidence, pathophysiology, predictors, prognosis, prevention, diagnosis, and management of these complications.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Post-TAVI risk reduction should move beyond reactive complication management toward individualized prevention. Meticulous computed tomography-based planning, optimized valve selection and implantation technique, rational antithrombotic therapy, structured rhythm and valve surveillance, selective use of cerebral embolic protection, timely correction of clinically or hemodynamically significant residual regurgitation, and infection-prevention pathways are central components of contemporary care. Future progress will depend on better risk stratification, longer-term durability data, and targeted preventive strategies adapted to lower-risk patients with longer life expectancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12098,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Issameddine Ajmi, Mathis Philipp Frings, Mathias Forkmann, Christian Mahnkopf
{"title":"Left ventricular ejection fraction recovery under contemporary quadruple guideline-directed therapy and the need for ICD/CRT-D implantation in HFrEF: a retrospective single-center cohort study.","authors":"Issameddine Ajmi, Mathis Philipp Frings, Mathias Forkmann, Christian Mahnkopf","doi":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2748165","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2748165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Guidelines advise deferring primary-prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D) implantation until left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is reassessed after at least three months of medical therapy in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Real-world data under contemporary quadruple therapy are limited.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Retrospective single-center cohort of 65 HFrEF patients (Coburg Hospital, Germany; October 2023-December 2024), prescribed beta-blocker, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist and SGLT2 inhibitor (all four in 92%; doses not recorded). LVEF was measured by echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) at baseline and ~3 months; reader blinding was not documented. Device implantation followed guideline criteria. Patients with severe arrhythmic events were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine patients (44.6%) received a device. LVEF rose on TTE (28.0→36.0%) and CMR (26.3→38.5%) (both <i>p</i> < 0.001), mainly without device implantation (TTE +13.0 vs + 1.5 points). Larger baseline left ventricular end-diastolic diameter was associated with smaller recovery (β = -0.41, <i>p</i> = 0.006) and device implantation (odds ratio 1.11/mm, 95% CI 1.01-1.22). Adverse events were not recorded.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LVEF recovery was common, and associations are consistent with disease severity. Findings are hypothesis-generating; absent dose, arrhythmic-outcome and wearable-defibrillator data and the selected cohort limit generalizability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12098,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcelle Barbosa Rosa, Denise Mafra, Agnes Ciafrino, Mariana Granito, Laetitia Koppe, Natália Alvarenga Borges, Ludmila Ferreira Medeiros de França Cardozo
{"title":"Micro- and nanoplastics as emerging cardiovascular risk factors: a new atherogenic player?","authors":"Marcelle Barbosa Rosa, Denise Mafra, Agnes Ciafrino, Mariana Granito, Laetitia Koppe, Natália Alvarenga Borges, Ludmila Ferreira Medeiros de França Cardozo","doi":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2745395","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2745395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Microplastics and nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) are emerging environmental contaminants widely detected in food, drinking water, and human biological tissues. As human exposure continues to increase, accumulating evidence suggests that these particles may represent an emerging cardiovascular risk factor by inducing oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, lipid dysregulation, and other mechanisms that promote atherosclerosis.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review examines the association between MPs/NPs and atherosclerosis, with emphasis on dietary exposure as a major route of human contamination. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases up to May 2026, focusing on experimental, epidemiological, and mechanistic evidence regarding the cardiovascular effects of MPs/NPs. The review discusses sources of dietary exposure, estimated ingestion, bioaccumulation, molecular mechanisms underlying atherogenesis, and emerging human evidence linking MPs/NPs to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Current evidence supports the biological hypothesis that MPs/NPs contribute to the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Although experimental findings and observational human studies support this association, current clinical evidence does not establish causality. Nevertheless, MPs/NPs should be considered emerging, potentially modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, highlighting the need for standardized exposure assessment and further longitudinal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12098,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew Xanthopoulos, Vasiliki Androutsopoulou, Prokopis-Andreas Zotos, Grigorios Giamouzis, John Skoularigis, Dimitrios E Magouliotis
{"title":"Complications associated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair: highlighting the role of peri- and post-operative cardiac monitoring.","authors":"Andrew Xanthopoulos, Vasiliki Androutsopoulou, Prokopis-Andreas Zotos, Grigorios Giamouzis, John Skoularigis, Dimitrios E Magouliotis","doi":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2748716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779072.2026.2748716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is first-line therapy for most descending thoracic aortic pathologies, yet it is performed in patients with a heavy burden of coronary disease, hypertension and limited cardiac reserve, and its cardiac complications remain underemphasized relative to neurological and device-related events.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We summarize the complication profile of TEVAR briefly and then concentrate on its cardiac dimension: myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery, arrhythmia, acute heart failure, and the chronic ventricular consequences of stent-graft-induced aortic stiffening. We review the mechanisms linking endograft deployment to ventricular-arterial uncoupling, the echocardiographic markers of interest, blood pressure management, and a phase-based framework for peri- and post-operative cardiac monitoring, distinguishing guideline-supported recommendations from expert opinion and from evidence extrapolated from general vascular surgery. PubMed/MEDLINE were searched from database inception to August 2026.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Cardiac surveillance around TEVAR is inconsistent and largely informal. We argue for baseline echocardiography in all elective patients, protocolized high-sensitivity troponin and natriuretic peptide measurement, defined-duration rhythm monitoring, structured blood pressure control, and longitudinal assessment of ventricular-arterial coupling within a heart-team pathway. TEVAR-specific outcome data and Windkessel-preserving graft design are the priorities for the next phase of endovascular aortic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12098,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margo Kaminska, Kavi Gupta, Aditya Lumb, Amin Hasheminia, Nehmat Kaur Badhan, Jose Luis Morales-Arteaga, Ergi Duli, Cheyenne Ding, Shaun Malik, Souzan Yacob, Amin Meghdadi, Gustavo Vazquez, Rafael Porcile, Angel Gonzalez Medina, Adrian Baranchuk
{"title":"The influence of loneliness & social isolation on cardiovascular risk factors: a narrative review.","authors":"Margo Kaminska, Kavi Gupta, Aditya Lumb, Amin Hasheminia, Nehmat Kaur Badhan, Jose Luis Morales-Arteaga, Ergi Duli, Cheyenne Ding, Shaun Malik, Souzan Yacob, Amin Meghdadi, Gustavo Vazquez, Rafael Porcile, Angel Gonzalez Medina, Adrian Baranchuk","doi":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2747542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779072.2026.2747542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite substantial advances in treatment and preventive medicine, heart disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While traditional risk factors have been identified, emerging research continues to underscore the importance of social interactions.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review examines research on how loneliness and social isolation influence the major risk factors for heart disease. Studies from 2000 up to April 2026 were searched using PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science. The included research focused on loneliness and social isolation, alongside seven primary risk factors such as smoking, stress, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and lack of physical activity, and showed that people who are lonely and socially isolated have approximately a 29% higher chance of developing heart disease. Loneliness and isolation are linked with both physiological and behavioral changes, and many of these relationships are bidirectional, creating feedback loops in which social disconnection and cardiometabolic risk reinforce one another.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Treating loneliness as a modifiable and deeply integrated risk factor helps patient well-being and long-term health outcomes, and supports more effective clinical care, community health, and policy planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":12098,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Panagiota Anyfanti, Christina Antza, Eleni Korki, Eleni Aintinidou, Kyriakos Papadopoulos, Elena Angeloudi, Vasilios Kotsis
{"title":"Recent advances in hypertension genomics and RNA interference-based therapeutics: the key to future management?","authors":"Panagiota Anyfanti, Christina Antza, Eleni Korki, Eleni Aintinidou, Kyriakos Papadopoulos, Elena Angeloudi, Vasilios Kotsis","doi":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2745393","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2745393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Given the suboptimal control rates with conventional antihypertensive medication, novel approaches are warranted. In the era of precision medicine, integrating hypertension genomics into diagnostic and therapeutic approaches may greatly advance hypertension management.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This narrative review summarizes recent advances in hypertension genomics and discusses their potential integration into current diagnostic and risk assessment algorithms toward personalized hypertension management. We searched PubMed for relevant publications up to January 2026. Pharmaceutical exploitation of genomic advances has led to the development of molecules utilizing Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) interference. Zilebesiran is an investigational RNA interference therapeutic agent resulting in durable silencing of angiotensinogen gene synthesis. Clinical trials conducted so far demonstrate that a single subcutaneous injection of zilebesiran is well-tolerated and induces sustained reductions in blood pressure (BP) for several months.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Recent advances in hypertension genomics may fundamentally reshape cardiovascular prevention and therapy over the next decade. Among emerging RNA-based therapeutic candidates, zilebesiran leads the way in translating these molecular advances into clinical practice. Results of the ongoing phase 3 cardiovascular outcomes trial are eagerly anticipated and could potentially reshape the field of cardiovascular therapeutics by advancing genetically targeted approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":12098,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seda Tanyeri Uzel, Barkin Kultursay, Murat Karacam, Dogancan Ceneli, Enver Yucel, Ali Karagoz
{"title":"Pregnancy-associated cardiac remodeling: from physiological adaptation to long-term cardiovascular risk.","authors":"Seda Tanyeri Uzel, Barkin Kultursay, Murat Karacam, Dogancan Ceneli, Enver Yucel, Ali Karagoz","doi":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2743947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779072.2026.2743947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pregnancy imposes a sustained hemodynamic load that can unmask latent cardiovascular vulnerability, yet distinguishing physiological adaptation from early maladaptive remodeling remains difficult with conventional echocardiography.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This special report reviews trimester-specific cardiac adaptation, myocardial deformation imaging, right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling, postpartum reverse remodeling, and the maladaptive phenotypes of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and peripartum cardiomyopathy. It also covers circulating biomarkers and the risk framework of the 2025 European Society of Cardiology guidelines, including the modified World Health Organization 2.0 classification and the Pregnancy Heart Team. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for articles published between January 2000 and March 2026.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Strain imaging and biomarkers can detect subclinical dysfunction that ejection fraction misses, but pregnancy- and ethnicity-specific reference values and outcome data are lacking. Until these are available, such tools should be used selectively, serially, and in combination within Pregnancy Heart Team pathways that extend well beyond delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":12098,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wissam Alam, Arnaud Bisson, Laurent Fauchier, Cyrus Moini
{"title":"Advances in left bundle branch area pacing: current evidence, clinical applications, and future perspectives.","authors":"Wissam Alam, Arnaud Bisson, Laurent Fauchier, Cyrus Moini","doi":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2744007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14779072.2026.2744007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) resynchronizes the left ventricle through the conduction system rather than through a coronary sinus lead, and is increasingly used as an alternative to biventricular pacing (BVP) for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>Drawing on a search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov from January 2015 through September 2026, this review covers the anatomical basis of LBBAP, implantation and confirmation of capture, complications, observational and randomized comparisons with BVP, guideline and consensus positions, and emerging technologies from ultra-high-frequency electrocardiography to leadless pacing.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Registries and meta-analyses favor LBBAP, but six randomized trials point in different directions, from inferiority to a large reduction in death or heart failure hospitalization over three years. Where capture type was reported, outcome followed confirmed conduction system capture more closely than randomized allocation, a pattern that is consistent but unproven. Until trials with hard endpoints report capture type, we would place LBBAP first in centers able to document conduction system capture in most of their patients, and keep BVP as the default elsewhere.</p>","PeriodicalId":12098,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia through population screening.","authors":"Anthony S Wierzbicki","doi":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2741509","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2741509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by raised levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and premature cardiovascular disease (CVD), with a prevalence of 1 in 300, which can be successfully treated. These features make it amenable for large-scale screening.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This article reviews studies identified as using by the terms 'screening' and 'familial hypercholesterolaemia.' It highlights clinical criteria (LDL-C; Simon Broome and Dutch Lipid Clinic Network scores) as well as machine learning and genetic testing approaches that have been applied to adult and pediatric populations.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Despite numerous pilot studies, data remain limited as genetic testing is not always performed. Depending on healthcare and educational system models, two approaches seem to be best. In adults, tiered multicriteria screening (possibly allied to artificial intelligence approaches) is clinically cost-effective. Pediatric screening, either using neonatal dried blood spots or tiered screening in school medical assessments, is feasible and may be more cost effective. Genetic multidisorder genetic testing is also feasible in children or adults. The choice of screening model in any country will depend on national models of care, local cost-effectiveness, and available resources for implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12098,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Russell G Saltzman, Karina D Asensi, Arnab Chakraborty, Shathiyah Kulandavelu, Joshua M Hare
{"title":"Beating the heart failure epidemic: can emerging cell therapies deliver what conventional approaches cannot?","authors":"Russell G Saltzman, Karina D Asensi, Arnab Chakraborty, Shathiyah Kulandavelu, Joshua M Hare","doi":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2735936","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14779072.2026.2735936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Heart failure (HF) is one of the most urgent unmet challenges in cardiovascular medicine. Despite advances in guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), substantial morbidity and mortality remain high in patients with advanced disease. This suggests a need for disease-modifying interventions that address underlying biological mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review examines the mechanistic evolution of cardiac cell therapy, from the original engraftment-and-differentiation paradigm to paracrine and immunomodulatory frameworks. Based on a PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov search (January 2000 - June 2026), we discuss advances in mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles, CRISPR-based gene editing, and emerging precision medicine strategies including multi-omics profiling, machine learning-based patient stratification, and adaptive trial design.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Meaningful clinical progress will require matching biologically informed cell or cell-free products to genetically and phenotypically defined patient subgroups, adopting repeat-dosing paradigms, and integrating regenerative therapies within the existing heart failure treatment framework rather than deploying them as standalone interventions. If these approaches are implemented successfully, cell-based regenerative therapies will have the potential to substantially impact the prognosis and treatment of HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":12098,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}