European Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Electrochemotherapy in pediatrics: a systematic review.","authors":"M A Formstone, J J Neville, A N Smith, A C Sedgwick, I Diez-Perez, P A Patel, J Anderson, S Giuliani","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12554-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12554-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To systematically review the available evidence on electrochemotherapy (ECT) in pediatric patients, focusing on indications, treatment parameters, efficacy, and safety.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024575588). MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Studies reporting the use of ECT in patients ≤ 18 years were included. Data extraction covered patient demographics, pathologies, electroporation parameters, agents used, and outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1579 screened studies, 15 met the inclusion criteria, reporting at least 127 pediatric patients. Age was provided for 98 patients (pooled mean 8.5 years, range 0-17) and sex for 108 (58 female, 50 male). Two studies described tumors; the remainder reported vascular anomalies (VAs). Reversible electroporation with intralesional or intravenous bleomycin was the most common protocol. Complete response rates for tumors were 97-100%. Pooled volume reductions in VAs ranged from 52% to 100%. Most complications were minor, though serious events occurred, including sciatic nerve injury, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and airway compromise. Methodological quality was low, with small sample sizes and inconsistent reporting of multiple parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ECT is in the early stages of development but shows promising efficacy as a treatment for tumors and VAs in children. Preliminary data suggest favorable responses in children, although direct comparison with adults is limited. Further research is essential to establish standardized treatment guidelines, optimize safety, and define the role of ECT within pediatric oncology and interventional radiology. A minimum reporting dataset is proposed.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question Explain the unmet need/clinical problem your study addresses. What is the current evidence regarding indications, efficacy, safety, and treatment parameters of ECT in pediatric patients? Findings Fifteen studies, including 127 children, report high response rates for tumors and VAs, but evidence is limited by small cohorts and heterogeneous reporting. Clinical relevance ECT shows promise as a minimally invasive treatment for selected pediatric tumors and VAs, but standardized protocols and large prospective studies are required before broader clinical adoption in pediatric oncology and interventional radiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"7278-7291"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESR Bridges: colorectal peritoneal metastases: new developments in imaging and treatment-a multidisciplinary view.","authors":"Niels Kok, Max J Lahaye","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12530-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12530-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"6871-6873"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147698052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to the Letter to the Editor: As quiet as a baby… feasibility in protocols for MRI management.","authors":"André Lollert, Gundula Staatz","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12552-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12552-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"7364-7365"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-deployment monitoring of foundation models in radiology: Why outputs aren't enough.","authors":"Vera Sorin, Eyal Klang, Panagiotis Korfiatis, Eric E Williamson, Christoph Wald, Jeremy D Collins","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12572-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12572-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"6925-6927"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracranial vessel wall MRI in cerebrovascular disease: clarifying its current role in clinical practice.","authors":"Shan-Shan Lu","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12520-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12520-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"7341-7342"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147608496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT quantification of interstitial lung abnormalities: a prospective comparison between supine and prone positions.","authors":"Yura Ahn, Sang Min Lee, Jung Im Kim, Kyung-Hyun Do, Jang Ho Lee, Ho Cheol Kim, Joon Beom Seo","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12595-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12595-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To prospectively evaluate positional variability in quantitative CT (qCT)-derived measurements of interstitial lung abnormality (ILA) using the same-day supine and prone CT.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective study (February 2024-February 2025), participants with ILA underwent sequential non-contrast supine and prone CT scans using identical acquisition parameters. A commercially available deep learning-based software quantified fibrotic (reticulation and honeycombing) and nonfibrotic (ground-glass opacity) ILA components in accordance with Fleischner Society definitions. qCT differences between supine and prone measurements were assessed using paired t tests, Bland-Altman analysis with 95% limits of agreement (LOA), and concordance correlation coefficients (CCC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 47 consented participants, 38 (mean age, 70.9 ± 6.4 years; 27 men) were included in the final analysis. Mean total ILA extent was greater on supine than on prone scans (1.76% vs 1.39%, p = 0.02), largely due to a greater extent of fibrotic ILAs on supine images (1.43% vs 1.12%, p = 0.007). The 95% LOA between supine and prone scans were -1.49% to 2.23% for total ILA extent, -0.97% to 1.58% for the fibrotic component, and -0.89% to 1.03% for the nonfibrotic component. Agreement between positions was moderate for the fibrotic component (CCC = 0.770), and poor for the nonfibrotic component (CCC = 0.431), with the lowest reproducibility observed in dependent lung zones.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The measurement variability of qCT result of ILA between supine and prone scans was approximately 1.9%, with moderate agreement for the fibrotic component but poor agreement for the nonfibrotic component between the same-day supine and prone CT scans.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question Whether qCT-derived measurements of ILA are interchangeable between supine and prone CT scans remains unknown. Findings qCT measurements showed approximately 1.9% positional variability, with moderate agreement for fibrotic components but poor agreement for nonfibrotic components, especially in dependent lung zones. Clinical relevance Supine and prone scans should not be used interchangeably for qCT analysis of ILA. Consistent patient positioning is essential to ensure accurate longitudinal assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"7186-7198"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of ultrasound-derived fat fraction for grading hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic liver diseases: a multicenter study.","authors":"Jiahao Han, Lixin Yang, Licheng Chu, Kexin Lou, Qun Zhang, Pingping Wang, Huiming Shen, Jia Li, Zuowei Bao","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12574-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12574-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound-derived fat fraction (UDFF) using the DAX probe for evaluating hepatic steatosis in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients with liver biopsy. Possible influencing factors such as etiology, stage of necroinflammation, fibrosis, and anthropometric indices were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective multicenter study enrolled CLD patients between October 2024 and June 2025. The diagnostic performance of UDFF was evaluated by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) with liver biopsy as the reference standard. Subgroup analysis was performed in different etiologies, stages of necroinflammation, fibrosis, and anthropometric indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the total of 255 patients (mean age, 51.27 years ± 11.24; 148 men), 146 (57.25%) had no steatosis (S0). The AUC of UDFF for detecting hepatic steatosis ≥ S1, ≥ S2, and = S3 were 0.914 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.873-0.946), 0.950 (95% CI: 0.916-0.974), and 0.916 (95% CI: 0.875-0.947), respectively. The optimal cutoff values were: 7% for ≥ S1 (109, 42.75%), 11% for ≥ S2 (79, 30.98%), and 18% for = S3 (39, 15.30%). UDFF also demonstrated AUC > 0.9 for detecting hepatic steatosis ≥ S1 in following subgroups: (1) with necroinflammation (n = 164); (2) with advanced fibrosis (n = 61); (3) with skin-to-capsule distance ≥ 1.9 cm (n = 129); (4) with intercostal distance ≤ 2.5 cm (n = 162); (5) excluding isolated metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (n = 178).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>UDFF measured with the DAX probe excellently detected and graded hepatic steatosis in CLD patients regardless of etiology, stage of necroinflammation, fibrosis, or anthropometric indices.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question Can UDFF reliably grade hepatic steatosis in CLD patients, regardless of etiology, necroinflammation, or fibrosis? Findings In this mixed-etiology population of 255 CLD patients, UDFF demonstrated high diagnostic performance for grading steatosis, consistent across diverse etiologies, necroinflammation, and fibrosis stages. Clinical relevance UDFF provides a reliable alternative to liver biopsy for quantifying hepatic steatosis in CLD, enabling accurate diagnosis and timely monitoring without invasive procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"7047-7060"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High scan-rescan repeatability of AI-enabled coronary plaque quantification from coronary CT angiography.","authors":"Joel Lenell, Caroline Park, Jacek Kwiecinski, Guadalupe Flores Tomasino, Sevan Letourneau, John D Friedman, Donghee Han, Elliot K Fishman, Shenghan Lai, Daniel S Berman, Piotr J Slomka, Damini Dey","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12598-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12598-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the reproducibility of plaque quantification from serial cardiac computed tomography (CCTA) scans by a systematic side-by-side approach using validated AI-enabled software with both scan-specific and fixed attenuation thresholds.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty participants from two centers underwent serial CCTA within a short timeframe (median 6 days [IQR 0-30]). Volumes and burden (defined as plaque volume indexed by vessel volume) of total plaque (TP), calcified plaque (CP), non-calcified plaque (NCP), and low-density NCP (LD-NCP) were quantified per-patient while comparing the serial scans side-by-side. Analyses were done by two assessors using consensus readings to reduce individual bias, and inter-scan differences were compared using mean differences and the repeatability coefficient (RC, defined as 1.96 × standard deviation).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age was 59 years (70% male). Median TP volume was 159 mm³ (IQR 81-160) with a dominance of NCP, 88 mm³ (IQR 42-143). Intraclass correlation coefficients were excellent across all plaque metrics (≥ 0.96). Mean absolute difference between scans was 15.0 mm³ for TP volume, 1.5% for TP burden (RC 25.5 mm³ and 2.6%). Mean differences for CP, NCP, and LD-NCP volumes were 6.8, 11.1, and 2.3 mm³ (RC: 14.8, 21.7, and 5.1 mm³), and for burden 0.6%, 1.2%, and 0.3% for CP, NCP, and LD-NCP, respectively (RC: 1.3%, 2.4%, and 0.8%). Scan-specific thresholds presented with lower repeatability coefficients and narrower limits of agreement than fixed thresholds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Scan-rescan reproducibility was high across all plaque subcomponents for serial plaque quantification using a systematic assessment method and scan-specific attenuation thresholds with AI-enabled plaque software.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question Can comparisons of serial coronary CT angiography scans side-by-side offer reproducible quantifications of coronary plaque, and do scan-specific attenuation thresholds provide higher consistency than fixed thresholds? Findings AI-enabled plaque quantifications side-by-side were highly reproducible, and scan-specific attenuation thresholds provided higher consistency than fixed thresholds. Clinical relevance This study helps clinicians to reliably assess changes in coronary plaque volumes over time by defining the reproducibility across serial scans. The study also favors scan-specific attenuation thresholds over fixed thresholds for optimal reproducibility in the quantification of noncalcified plaque and calcified plaque.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"7129-7138"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147927949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: As quiet as a baby… Feasibility in protocols for MRI management.","authors":"Anna Palmese, Fabio Sbaraglia, Federica Tosi, Simona Gaudino, Alessandro Fabretti, Marco Rossi","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12551-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12551-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"7362-7363"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bowel ischemia detection on portal venous CT: multireader evaluation of dual-energy and photon-counting spectral imaging.","authors":"Fiona Mankertz, Josephine Berger, Nour Maalouf, Ulrich Schmid, Benedikt Stenzl, Reza Dehdab, Sebastian Werner, Andreas Brendlin, Saif Afat, Judith Herrmann","doi":"10.1007/s00330-026-12546-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-026-12546-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the diagnostic performance of portal-venous (PV) blended CT images alone vs PV blended images supplemented with spectral reconstructions for detecting acute bowel ischemia, stratified by scanner platform (dual-energy CT [DECT] vs photon-counting CT [PCCT]).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective single-center, multireader, crossover diagnostic accuracy study compared PV blended images alone (image set A) with PV blended images supplemented by spectral reconstructions (image set B: 40-keV virtual monoenergetic images, iodine maps, and virtual non-contrast images) acquired on DECT and PCCT. The reference standard was a prespecified composite derived from surgical and index-hospitalization documentation. Diagnostic performance was analyzed using mixed-effects logistic models for accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, cumulative link mixed models for 7-point suspicion scores, and ROC analyses using a multireader multicase framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 378 patients (mean age, 68.1 years ± 7.4, 206 men) were evaluated. 150/378 (39.7%) were ischemia-positive by the composite reference standard. Accuracy increased from 73% (95% CI: 68-77) with blended images to 86% (82-89) with spectral reconstructions (OR: 2.30; 95% CI: 1.70-3.10; p < 0.001). Sensitivity increased from 75% (68-82) to 87% (81-92) (p = 0.008) and specificity from 72% (65-78) to 86% (80-90) (p < 0.001). Mean AUC improved by 0.16 (95% CI: 0.12-0.20; p < 0.001). Effects were similar on DECT and PCCT (interaction p = 0.24).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adding spectral reconstructions to PV blended images improved accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic confidence for bowel ischemia detection, without evidence of platform-specific effect modification.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Question Can spectral reconstructions improve bowel ischemia detection on portal venous (PV) phase abdominal CT, and are these gains consistent across DECT and PCCT? Findings Adding spectral reconstructions to PV blended images improved diagnostic performance and agreement for bowel ischemia on abdominal CT, with comparable effects on DECT and PCCT. Clinical relevance Spectral reconstructions from a single PV acquisition may improve emergency abdominal CT interpretation for bowel ischemia without additional acquisitions or radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"7313-7326"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}