European Radiology最新文献

{"title":"ChatGPT's diagnostic performance based on textual vs. visual information compared to radiologists' diagnostic performance in musculoskeletal radiology.","authors":"Daisuke Horiuchi, Hiroyuki Tatekawa, Tatsushi Oura, Taro Shimono, Shannon L Walston, Hirotaka Takita, Shu Matsushita, Yasuhito Mitsuyama, Yukio Miki, Daiju Ueda","doi":"10.1007/s00330-024-10902-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-024-10902-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the diagnostic accuracy of Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-4-based ChatGPT, GPT-4 with vision (GPT-4V) based ChatGPT, and radiologists in musculoskeletal radiology.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We included 106 \"Test Yourself\" cases from Skeletal Radiology between January 2014 and September 2023. We input the medical history and imaging findings into GPT-4-based ChatGPT and the medical history and images into GPT-4V-based ChatGPT, then both generated a diagnosis for each case. Two radiologists (a radiology resident and a board-certified radiologist) independently provided diagnoses for all cases. The diagnostic accuracy rates were determined based on the published ground truth. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of GPT-4-based ChatGPT, GPT-4V-based ChatGPT, and radiologists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GPT-4-based ChatGPT significantly outperformed GPT-4V-based ChatGPT (p < 0.001) with accuracy rates of 43% (46/106) and 8% (9/106), respectively. The radiology resident and the board-certified radiologist achieved accuracy rates of 41% (43/106) and 53% (56/106). The diagnostic accuracy of GPT-4-based ChatGPT was comparable to that of the radiology resident, but was lower than that of the board-certified radiologist although the differences were not significant (p = 0.78 and 0.22, respectively). The diagnostic accuracy of GPT-4V-based ChatGPT was significantly lower than those of both radiologists (p < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GPT-4-based ChatGPT demonstrated significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than GPT-4V-based ChatGPT. While GPT-4-based ChatGPT's diagnostic performance was comparable to radiology residents, it did not reach the performance level of board-certified radiologists in musculoskeletal radiology.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance statement: </strong>GPT-4-based ChatGPT outperformed GPT-4V-based ChatGPT and was comparable to radiology residents, but it did not reach the level of board-certified radiologists in musculoskeletal radiology. Radiologists should comprehend ChatGPT's current performance as a diagnostic tool for optimal utilization.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>This study compared the diagnostic performance of GPT-4-based ChatGPT, GPT-4V-based ChatGPT, and radiologists in musculoskeletal radiology. GPT-4-based ChatGPT was comparable to radiology residents, but did not reach the level of board-certified radiologists. When utilizing ChatGPT, it is crucial to input appropriate descriptions of imaging findings rather than the images.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"506-516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of deep learning-based X-ray techniques in detecting and classifying K-L grades of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Haoming Zhao, Liang Ou, Ziming Zhang, Le Zhang, Ke Liu, Jianjun Kuang","doi":"10.1007/s00330-024-10928-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-024-10928-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Knee osteoarthritis (KOA), a prevalent degenerative joint disease, is primarily diagnosed through X-ray imaging. The Kellgren-Lawrence grading system (K-L) is the gold standard for evaluating KOA severity through X-ray analysis. However, this method is highly subjective and non-quantifiable, limiting its effectiveness in detecting subtle joint changes on X-rays. Recent researchers have been directed towards developing deep-learning (DL) techniques for a more accurate diagnosis of KOA using X-ray images. Despite advancements in these intelligent methods, the debate over their diagnostic sensitivity continues. Hence, we conducted the current meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, and IEEE up to July 11, 2023. The QUADAS-2 tool was employed to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Given the multi-classification nature of DL tasks, the sensitivity of DL across different K-L grades was meta-analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 19 studies were included, encompassing 62,158 images. These images consisted of 22,388 for K-L₀, 13,415 for K-L₁, 15,597 for K-L₂, 7768 for K-L₃, and 2990 for K-L₄. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the sensitivity of DL was 86.74% for K-L₀ (95% CI: 80.01%-92.28%), 64.00% for K-L₁ (95% CI: 51.81%-75.35%), 75.03% for K-L₂ (95% CI: 66.00%-83.09%), 84.76% for K-L₃ (95% CI: 78.34%-90.25%), and 90.32% for K-L₄ (95% CI: 85.39%-94.40%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The DL multi-classification methods based on X-ray imaging generally demonstrate a favorable sensitivity rate (over 50%) in distinguishing between K-L₀-K-L₄. Specifically, for K-L₄, the sensitivity is highly satisfactory at 90.32%. In contrast, the sensitivity rates for K-L_1-2 still need improvement.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance statement: </strong>Deep-learning methods have been useful to some extent in assessing the effectiveness of X-rays for osteoarthritis of the knee. However, this requires further research and reliable data to provide specific recommendations for clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>X-ray deep-learning (DL) methods are debatable for evaluating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) under The Kellgren-Lawrence system (K-L). Multi-classification deep-learning methods are more clinically relevant for assessing K-L grading than dichotomous results. For K-L3 and K-L4, X-ray-based DL has high diagnostic performance; early KOA needs to be further improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"327-340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141598954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-high b-value DWI in rectal cancer: image quality assessment and regional lymph node prediction based on radiomics.","authors":"Yongfei Hao, Jianyong Zheng, Wanqing Li, Wanting Zhao, Jianmin Zheng, Hong Wang, Jialiang Ren, Guangwen Zhang, Jinsong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00330-024-10958-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-024-10958-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate image quality and regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with rectal cancer (RC) on multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 199 patients with RC who had undergone multi-b-value DWI. Subjective (five-point Likert scale) and objective assessments of quality images were performed on DWI_b1000, DWI_b2000, and DWI_b3000. Patients were randomly divided into a training (n = 140) or validation cohort (n = 59). Radiomics features were extracted within the whole volume tumor on ADC maps (b = 0, 1000 s/mm²), DWI_b1000, DWI_b2000, and DWI_b3000, respectively. Five prediction models based on selected features were developed using logistic regression analysis. The performance of radiomics models was evaluated with a receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean signal intensity of the tumor (SI_tumor), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and artifact and anatomic differentiability score gradually were decreased as the b-value increased. However, the contrast-to-noise (CNR) on DWI_b2000 was superior to those of DWI_b1000 and DWI_b3000 (4.58 ± 0.86, 3.82 ± 0.77, 4.18 ± 0.84, p < 0.001, respectively). The overall image quality score of DWI_b2000 was higher than that of DWI_b3000 (p < 0.001) and showed no significant difference between DWI_b1000 and DWI_b2000 (p = 0.059). The area under curve (AUC) value of the radiomics model based on DWI_b2000 (0.728) was higher than conventional ADC maps (0.690), DWI_b1000 (0.699), and DWI_b3000 (0.707), but inferior to multi-b-value DWI (0.739) in predicting LNM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DWI_b2000 provides better lesion conspicuity and LNM prediction than DWI_b1000 and DWI_b3000 in RC.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance statement: </strong>DWI_b2000 offers satisfactory visualization of lesions. Radiomics features based on DWI_b2000 can be applied for preoperatively predicting regional lymph node metastasis in rectal cancer, thereby benefiting the stratified treatment strategy.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Lymph node staging is required to determine the best treatment plan for rectal cancer. DWI_b2000 provides superior contrast-to-noise ratio and lesion conspicuity and its derived radiomics best predict lymph node metastasis. DWI_b2000 may be recommended as the optimal b-value in rectal MRI protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"49-60"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-contrast spectral CT vs chemical-shift MRI in discriminating lipid-poor adrenal lesions.","authors":"Yasunori Nagayama, Ryutaro Uchimura, Natsuki Maruyama, Narumi Taguchi, Ryuya Yoshida, Ryota Harai, Masafumi Kidoh, Seitaro Oda, Takeshi Nakaura, Toshinori Hirai","doi":"10.1007/s00330-024-10929-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-024-10929-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the diagnostic performance of conventional non-contrast CT, dual-energy spectral CT, and chemical-shift MRI (CS-MRI) in discriminating lipid-poor adenomas (> 10-HU on non-contrast CT) from non-adenomas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 110 patients (69 men; 41 women; mean age 66.5 ± 13.4 years) with 80 lipid-poor adenomas and 30 non-adenomas who underwent non-contrast dual-layer spectral CT and CS-MRI were retrospectively identified. For each lesion, non-contrast attenuation on conventional 120-kVp images, ΔHU-index ([attenuation difference between virtual monoenergetic 140-keV and 40-keV images]/conventional attenuation × 100), and signal intensity index (SI-index) were quantified. Each parameter was compared between adenomas and non-adenomas using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and sensitivity to achieve > 95% specificity for adenoma diagnosis were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Conventional non-contrast attenuation was lower in adenomas than in non-adenomas (22.4 ± 8.6 HU vs 32.8 ± 48.5 HU), whereas ΔHU-index (148.0 ± 103.2 vs 19.4 ± 25.8) and SI-index (41.6 ± 19.6 vs 4.2 ± 10.2) were higher in adenomas (all, p < 0.001). ΔHU-index showed superior performance to conventional non-contrast attenuation (AUC: 0.919 [95% CI: 0.852-0.963] vs 0.791 [95% CI: 0.703-0.863]; sensitivity: 75.0% [60/80] vs 27.5% [22/80], both p < 0.001), and near equivalent to SI-index (AUC: 0.952 [95% CI: 0.894-0.984], sensitivity 85.0% [68/80], both p > 0.05). Both the ΔHU-index and SI-index provided a sensitivity of 96.0% (48/50) for hypoattenuating adenomas (≤ 25 HU). For hyperattenuating (> 25 HU) adenomas, SI-index showed higher sensitivity than ΔHU-index (66.7% [20/30] vs 40.0% [12/30], p = 0.022).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Non-contrast spectral CT and CS-MRI outperformed conventional non-contrast CT in distinguishing lipid-poor adenomas from non-adenomas. While CS-MRI demonstrated superior sensitivity for adenomas measuring > 25 HU, non-contrast spectral CT provided high discriminative values for adenomas measuring ≤ 25 HU.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance statement: </strong>Spectral attenuation analysis improves the diagnostic performance of non-contrast CT in discriminating lipid-poor adrenal adenomas, potentially serving as an alternative to CS-MRI and obviating the necessity for additional diagnostic workup in indeterminate adrenal incidentalomas, particularly for lesions measuring ≤ 25 HU.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Incidental adrenal lesion detection has increased as abdominal CT use has become more frequent. Non-contrast spectral CT and CS-MRI differentiated lipid-poor adenomas from non-adenomas better than conventional non-contrast CT. For lesions measuring ≤ 25 HU, spectral CT may obviate the need for additional evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"370-380"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between 24/7 workforce coverage, organizational challenges, and well-being of emergency radiologists: a national survey.","authors":"Guillaume Herpe, Marion Van den Boom, Rime Najji, Jean Pierre Tasu, Jean-Paul Beregi, Louis Boyer, Rémy Guillevin","doi":"10.1007/s00330-024-10945-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-024-10945-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The last decade has seen a surge in the demand for imaging exams in emergency radiology (ER), necessitating an evolution in organizational systems for departments offering round-the-clock care, while safeguarding patient care quality and physician well-being to prevent burnout.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop a nationwide overview of ER organizations in France and identify structures that promote job satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Two surveys were sent to 709 radiological centers across France from March to June 2022, inquiring about organizational aspects and quality of life (QOL), incorporating four validated QOL questionnaires. The organization of each center was mapped, and correlations between respondent characteristics and mental health were analyzed using Pearson's and Wilcoxon tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 284 centers answered the organizational survey, with a response rate of about 41.6%. Among them, there were 32 university hospitals, 208 general hospitals, 2 teaching army hospitals, and 42 private facilities. Of these, night-time operations showed 14% on-site coverage, 12% on-call from home, 69% utilized external teleradiology, and 4% used in-house teleradiology. These trends persisted over weekends and holidays. Regarding the quality of working life, academic, general, and private radiologists are more satisfied with their practice compared to trainees. Depersonalization, part of the three dimensions of burnout, was high in every class, at 60% (n = 210/350).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Outside of university hospitals, most radiology centers in France no longer have on-site radiologists during off hours. Residents are prone to lower job satisfaction and quality of life than more experienced radiologists.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance statement: </strong>The survey illustrates how French ER is structured, pointing out the escalating significance of teleradiology and noting that radiologists generally experience high job satisfaction while also confronting typical organizational challenges.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>The need for continuous radiology coverage comes with unique logistical challenges, especially in ER. Night shifts show a significant reliance on teleradiology services, especially by external companies. Pay, shift patterns, and seniority affect the well-being of emergency radiologists, particularly the residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"496-505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of high-resolution MRI in evaluating statin efficacy on symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis.","authors":"Juan Huang, Cong Liu, Sheng Jiao, Yuhui Chen, Lei Xu, Tao Gong, Chengcheng Zhu, Yan Song","doi":"10.1007/s00330-024-10968-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-024-10968-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the efficacy of statins on symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic plaques using high-resolution 3.0 T MR vessel wall imaging (HR-MRI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic plaques (cerebral ischemic events within the last three months) confirmed by HR-MRI from July 2017 to August 2022 were retrospectively included in this study. The enrolled patients started statin therapy at baseline. All the patients underwent the follow-up HR-MRI examination after statin therapy for at least 3 months. A paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to evaluate the changes in plaque characteristics after statin therapy. Multivariate linear regression was further used to investigate the clinical factors associated with statin efficacy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 48 patients (37 males; overall mean age = 60.2 ± 11.7 years) were included in this study. The follow-up time was 7.0 (5.6-12.0) months. In patients treated with statins for > 6 months (n = 31), plaque length, wall thickness, plaque burden, luminal stenosis and plaque enhancement were significantly reduced. Similar results were found in patients with good lipid control (n = 21). Younger age, lower BMI and hypertension were associated with decreased plaque burden. Lower BMI, hypertension and longer duration of statin therapy were associated with decreased plaque enhancement. Younger age and hypertension were associated with decreased luminal stenosis (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HR-MRI can effectively evaluate plaques changes after statin therapy. Statins can reduce plaque burden and stabilize plaques. The effect of statin may have a relationship with age, BMI, hypertension, and duration of statin therapy.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance statement: </strong>High-resolution MRI can be applied to evaluate the efficacy of statins on symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic plaques. Long-term statin use and well-controlled blood lipid levels can help reduce plaque burden and stabilize plaques.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>High-resolution MRI provides great help evaluating the changes of plaque characteristics after statin therapy. Efficacy of statins is associated with duration of use, controlled lipid levels, and clinical factors. High-resolution MRI can serve as an effective method for following-up symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"441-452"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141727081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiomics in ophthalmology: a systematic review.","authors":"Haiyang Zhang, Huijie Zhang, Mengda Jiang, Jiaxin Li, Jipeng Li, Huifang Zhou, Xuefei Song, Xianqun Fan","doi":"10.1007/s00330-024-10911-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-024-10911-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiomics holds great potential in medical image analysis for various ophthalmic diseases. In recent times, there have been numerous endeavors in this area of research. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the strengths and limitations of radiomics in ophthalmology.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Conforming to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a systematic review with a pre-registered protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42023446317). We explored the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for original studies on this topic and made a comprehensive descriptive integration. Furthermore, the included studies underwent quality assessment by the radiomics quality score (RQS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 41 articles from an initial search of 227 studies were finally selected for further analysis. These articles included research across five disease categories and covered seven imaging modalities. The radiomics models demonstrated robust performance, with area under the curve (AUC) values mostly falling within 0.7-1.0. The moderate RQS (mean score: 11.17/36) indicated that most studies were retrospectively, single-center analyses without external validation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Radiomics holds promising utility in the field of ophthalmology, assisting diagnosis, early-stage screening, and prognostication of treatment response. Artificial intelligence algorithms significantly contribute to the construction of radiomics models in ophthalmology. This study highlights the strengths and challenges of radiomics in ophthalmology and suggests potential avenues for future improvement.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance statement: </strong>Radiomics represents a valuable approach for generating innovative imaging markers, enhancing efficiency in clinical diagnosis and treatment, and aiding decision-making in clinical contexts of many ophthalmic diseases, thereby improving overall patient prognosis.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Radiomics has attracted extensive attention in the field of ophthalmology. Articles included five disease categories over seven imaging modalities, consistently yielding AUCs mostly above 0.7. Current research has few prospective and multi-center studies, underlining the necessity for future high-quality studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"542-557"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141733864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic assessment of body composition in children with lymphoma: results of a [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/MR study.","authors":"Chiara Giraudo, Celeste Cavallin, Marta Pillon, Elisa Carraro, Giulia Fichera, Diego Cecchin, Pietro Zucchetta","doi":"10.1007/s00330-024-10957-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-024-10957-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To use Dixon-MR images extracted from [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/MR scans to perform an automatic, volumetric segmentation and quantification of body composition in pediatric patients with lymphoma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Pediatric patients with lymphoma examined by [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/MR at diagnosis and restaging were included. At each time point, axial fat and water Dixon T1w images of the thighs were automatically segmented and muscle volume, subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intermuscular fat volume were quantified. The metabolic activity of the largest nodal lesion and of muscles and subcutaneous fat was recorded. The paired samples t-test and Spearman's correlation coefficient were applied to evaluate potential differences between the two time points and the relationship between metabolic and body composition metrics, respectively. By logistic regression analysis, the prognostic role of the investigated variables was assessed. The applied significance level was p < 0.05 for all analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-seven patients (mean age ± SD 14 ± 3-years-old; 20 females) matched the inclusion criteria. After chemotherapy (interval between the two PET/MR scans, 56-80 days; median 65 days), muscle volume significantly decreased (629 ± 259 cm³ vs 567 ± 243 cm³, p < 0.001) while subcutaneous, intramuscular and intermuscular fat increased (476 ± 255 cm³ vs 607 ± 254 cm³, p < 0.001; 63 ± 20 cm³ vs 76 ± 26 cm³, p < 0.001; 58 ± 19 cm³ vs 71 ± 23 cm³, p < 0.001); the metabolic activity of the main nodal lesion, muscles, and subcutaneous fat significantly decreased (p < 0.05, each). None of the examined variables acted as predictors of the response to treatment (p = 0.283). A strong correlation between BMI and subcutaneous fat volume at diagnosis (r = 0.675, p < 0.001) and restaging (r = 0.600, p < 0.001) emerged.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed method demonstrated that pediatric patients with lymphoma undergo muscle loss and an increase of subcutaneous fat during treatment.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance statement: </strong>The proposed automatic and volumetric MR-based assessment of body composition in children with lymphoma can be used to monitor the effect of chemotherapy and may guide tailored exercise programs during chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>T1w Dixon images can be used for the automatic segmentation and quantification of body composition. Muscle and subcutaneous fat volume do not act as predictors of the response to treatment in children with lymphoma. Chemotherapy induces changes in body composition in children with lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"341-350"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to \"Radiation exposure and estimated cancer risk in neonates: a cautionary perspective\".","authors":"Deliah Weiß, Martin Beeres, Ulrich Rochwalsky, Thomas J Vogl, Rolf Schlößer","doi":"10.1007/s00330-024-11120-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-024-11120-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"311-312"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zero-echo time MRI: an alternative method for the diagnosis of urinary stones in children.","authors":"H Nursun Ozcan, Gozde Ozer, Hasan Serkan Dogan, Jale Karakaya, Berna Oguz, Serdar Tekgul, Mithat Haliloglu","doi":"10.1007/s00330-024-10950-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00330-024-10950-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the potential of zero-echo time-magnetic resonance imaging (ZTE-MRI) in the assessment of urolithiasis and compare ZTE-MRI with computed tomography (CT) in pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a single-center, prospective cross-sectional study conducted between April 2023 and December 2023. 23 patients (12 girls, 11 boys; mean age: 12.3, range 1-18) with urinary tract stones detected on non-enhanced abdominal CT were enrolled. The images were evaluated independently by two radiologists for the presence, and number of stones in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. In the second session, two radiologists evaluated whether urinary tract stones could be detected by MRI compared to CT, and the maximum diameter of the stones was measured. The CT and MRI results were compared with the Wilcoxon test. The agreement between the results of the observers was examined using Spearman's rho correlation coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 58 urinary tract stones were detected by CT and 39 of these were detected by MRI. Most of the stones that MRI could not detect were < 5 mm and the detection sensitivity of MRI increased in correlation with stone size (p < 0.001). There was poor intermodality agreement for stones < 5 mm, substantial agreement for stones 5-10 mm, and almost perfect agreement for stones > 10 mm. Interobserver agreement for stone detection on MRI was almost perfect for stones > 10 mm and 5-10 mm and was substantial for stones < 5 mm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ZTE-MRI is a promising modality for detecting urinary stones without radiation exposure in children.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance statement: </strong>Zero-echo time-magnetic resonance imaging is a potential method for identifying urinary stones in children and other populations who are particularly sensitive to radiation.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Urinary system stone disease in children is increasing and imaging is needed for managing urolithiasis. Zero-echo time-magnetic resonance imaging (ZTE-MRI) had an accuracy of 81.8% and 93.7% for stones larger than 5 mm and 10 mm, respectively. ZTE-MRI is a potential non-irradiating method for the diagnosis and management of urolithiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12076,"journal":{"name":"European Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"289-296"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}