European Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Summary of Safety and Efficacy of COVID Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.","authors":"Eva Pernicová,&nbsp;Petra Macounová,&nbsp;Martin Krsek,&nbsp;Rastislav Maďar","doi":"10.1159/000529982","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000529982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic represents one of the most challenging issues that have recently influenced everyday life in countries all over the world. Understanding the risk of this disease is of high importance in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) as they represent a vulnerable population through their treatment with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). Infective episodes may trigger relapses and lead to deterioration of the health condition.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Vaccination is an important preventive measure against infectious diseases. In MS patients, concerns have been raised about the effectiveness of vaccines in patients on various immunomodulatory drugs and about their possible adverse effects including impairment of neurological functions. The objectives of this article were to summarize the current knowledge on immune responses to the COVID-19 vaccines and their safety in MS patients and to provide practical guidance based on the data available to date.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Although MS is not associated with a higher risk of COVID-19, this infection can trigger relapses or pseudo-relapses. Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are recommended for all MS patients who are not in the active phase of the disease, despite the fact that there is still a lack of long-term reliable data on the effectiveness and safety of vaccines against COVID-19. Some DMTs can reduce vaccine humoral responses, but might still provide some protection and adequate T-cell response. To optimize the effectiveness of vaccination, the ideal timing of vaccine application and DMTs dosing regimen is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":12065,"journal":{"name":"European Neurology","volume":"86 4","pages":"263-276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10614228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10193572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endovascular Treatment plus Medical Treatment versus Medical Treatment Alone in Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Ahmad A Toubasi, Thuraya N Al-Sayegh, Farah H Albustanji, Layla M Al-Harasis","doi":"10.1159/000531285","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000531285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study was conducted to assess the hypothesis that endovascular treatment in addition to medical treatment improve stroke mortality and post-stroke disability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials in design and compared between endovascular treatment and medical therapy versus medical therapy alone in stroke management.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 22 articles that included 5,049 patients. The analysis showed significant association between the intervention and reduction in disability measured by Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) (mRS = 0-2) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.61; 95% confidence intervals [95% CI]: 1.27-2.06) and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (NIHSS = 0-15) (OR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.04-4.34). Also, we found a significant difference in disability scores between the intervention and the medical therapy group (mRS weighted mean difference [WMD] = -0.59; 95% CI: -1.15 to -0.02, NIHSS WMD = -4.52; 95% CI: -6.32 to -2.72). Additionally, there was significant reduction in mortality in the intervention group (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.68-0.92). There was no significant difference in the rate of any serious adverse effects between the two study groups except for asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides strong evidence stemmed from randomized clinical trials that endovascular treatment combined with medical therapy is superior to medical therapy alone in the management of stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":12065,"journal":{"name":"European Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41120609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral Gray Matter Volume Changes in Patients with Neuropathic Pain from Total Brachial Plexus Injury.","authors":"Jing-Wei Wang,&nbsp;Zhu-Qing Huang,&nbsp;Yu-Jie Lu,&nbsp;Ke Sha,&nbsp;Wen-Mei Li,&nbsp;Jin-Min Zhao","doi":"10.1159/000525527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Total brachial plexus injury not only significantly affects the motor and sensory function of the affected upper limbs but also causes further physical and mental damage to patients with long-term intractable pain. Previous studies mainly focused on the surgical treatment, while only a few paid attention to the intractable neuropathic pain caused by this injury. Changes in the volume of gray matter in the brain are thought to be associated with chronic neuropathic pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Voxel-based morphometry analysis was used to compare the difference in cerebral gray matter volume between total brachial plexus injury patients with neuropathic pain and healthy controls. Correlations between pain duration, pain severity, and GM changes were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The volume of cerebral gray matter in the patient group was decreased significantly in multiple regions, including the parahippocampal gyrus, paracentric lobule, inferior frontal gyrus, auxiliary motor cortex, middle occipital gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, while it was increased in the insular, pons, middle frontal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, bilateral thalamus, and globus pallidus. There were no significant correlations between pain duration and rGMV changes, while a positive correlation was observed between pain severity and rGMV changes in one specific region, involving the anterior cingulate cortex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Total brachial plexus injury patients with chronic pain have widespread regions of gray matter atrophy and hypertrophy. The only positive correlation was observed between pain severity and rGMV changes in one specific region, suggesting that nociceptive stimuli trigger a variety of nonpain-specific processes, which confirms the multidimensional nature of pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":12065,"journal":{"name":"European Neurology","volume":"86 1","pages":"45-54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9109258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constipation in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Lulu Yao,&nbsp;Wei Liang,&nbsp;Jiahao Chen,&nbsp;Qian Wang,&nbsp;Xiaobo Huang","doi":"10.1159/000527513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Constipation is a common nonmotor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) and has been reported to increase the risk of developing PD. However, previous studies have yielded conflicting results. Understanding this correlation may promote early diagnosis and treatment of PD, which could help patients improve their quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the association between constipation and PD onset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. We searched the Medline, Embase, Scopus, SINOMED, and Cochrane databases as well as specific journals from inception to September 2021 for observational studies that evaluated the association between constipation and the risk of PD. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies. Associations were summarized as odds ratios (ORs) using a random-effects model. Subgroup, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen studies comprising 3,024,193 participants (case-control = 1,636,831; cohort = 1,387,362) were eligible for inclusion. The pooled OR for the association between constipation and PD was 2.36 (95% confidence interval: 1.93-2.88), although strong heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 90%, p < 0.01). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses indicated that study design and disease duration were the major sources of heterogeneity. A sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the outcomes. In addition, the prevalence of among those with prodromal PD was 20%, whereas it was only 11% in the control group (p < 0.01). Moreover, there were no significant age-based differences in constipation between the prodromal stage of PD patients and the controls (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Constipation has a relatively high incidence in the prodromal phase of PD and is associated with an increased risk of developing PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12065,"journal":{"name":"European Neurology","volume":"86 1","pages":"34-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9110713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Dietary Patterns with Parkinson's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on the United States National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey Database.","authors":"Shulan Xu,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Qing Di","doi":"10.1159/000527537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although studies have explored some dietary patterns for Parkinson's disease (PD), more other dietary patterns and food item under the dietary pattern are needed to investigate. This study aimed to identify more categories of dietary patterns for PD and further explore the association of single food item with PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 2015-2018 US National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) database was used for data extraction. The data on demographics and nutrient intake were collected. Dietary patterns were derived from food categories by factor analysis. The association between dietary patterns or single food item and PD was explored using logistic regression analysis in the overall and only in secure PD cases, and results were expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding participants using unsecure PD medication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5,824 participants aged over 50 years, 91 were diagnosed as PD. Factor analysis identified 5 major dietary pattern factors. We observed that the increased adherence to Mediterranean diet (MeDi) was associated with the reduced odds of PD (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65-0.93). The higher adherence to Western pattern was associated with the increased odds of PD (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.16-4.14). In addition, high intake of sweets under Western pattern was found to be associated with the higher odds of PD (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.08-3.71).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The odds of PD decreased by higher MeDi adherence and increased by higher Western pattern adherence, especially sweets intake in this pattern, suggesting population ≥50 years should adhere to MeDi pattern and decrease the adherence to Western pattern, reducing the intake of sweets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12065,"journal":{"name":"European Neurology","volume":"86 1","pages":"63-72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9110714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Friar with the Crutch: A Pictorial Hint of the Stroke Suffered by Bernardino da Fossa (1420-1503).","authors":"Luca Ventura","doi":"10.1159/000528032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Works of art may serve as a source of evidence of diseases and help to better understand their natural history.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Bernardino da Fossa was a 15th-century Italian Franciscan friar who wrote sermons and historical works. He described the events of the Observance Reformation movement since its dawn, but the last chapter is unexplainably interrupted. This has been considered suggestive for an acute and disabling illness. A painting dating back 12 years after his death depicts Bernardino holding a crutch with his left arm. This may represent an important clue to establish a gait disturbance, whereas the permanent interruption in drafting his writing may be ascribed to a serious writing impairment.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>The historical detail of the writing suspension and the crutch in this painting represent important hints of the stroke suffered by Bernardino da Fossa.</p>","PeriodicalId":12065,"journal":{"name":"European Neurology","volume":"86 2","pages":"155-160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9156431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Direct Oral Anticoagulants' Nonrecommended Dose in Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Maria Giulia Mosconi,&nbsp;Giorgio Maraziti,&nbsp;Maurizio Paciaroni,&nbsp;Michela Giustozzi,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Vedovati,&nbsp;Giulio Bogliari,&nbsp;Chiara Urbini,&nbsp;Laura Traballi,&nbsp;Valeria Caso","doi":"10.1159/000525407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The efficacy and safety profiles of nonrecommended direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) doses in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) are still undefined.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>We searched for randomized controlled trials and observational studies that compared nonrecommended versus recommended doses of DOACs, published up to December 2021. Primary study outcomes were ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack/systemic embolism (IS/TIA/SE) and major bleeding (MB). All-cause mortality was a secondary outcome. We determined pooled odds ratios (ORs) between groups of patients with a random-effect model. Twenty-three studies with 175,801 patients were included. Nonrecommended doses were associated with a higher risk of IS/TIA/SE and all-cause mortality, but not of MB as compared to recommended doses of DOACs (OR 1.25 [95% CI: 1.14-1.38], OR 1.69 [95% CI: 1.31-2.18] and OR 1.10 [95% CI: 0.93-1.31], respectively). The nonrecommended low dose was associated with an increased risk of IS/TIA/SE and all-cause death (OR 1.21 [95% CI: 1.05-1.39] and OR 1.66 [95% CI: 1.18-2.35], respectively) but not of MB (OR 1.01 [95% CI: 0.83-1.22] as compared to recommended doses. Subgroup analysis of nonrecommended low doses of DOACs showed a nonsignificant increase in IS/TIA/SE in Asians (OR 1.17 [95% CI: 0.89-1.54] vs. non-Asian (OR 1.21 [95% CI: 1.07-1.36]).</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Compared with recommended doses, nonrecommended low doses of DOACs increase the risk of ischemic events without decreasing the risk of bleeding. For Asians, the efficacy of DOACs seemed preserved despite the nonrecommended low-dose prescription. Clinicians should carefully adhere to recommended DOAC prescription advice in managing NVAF patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12065,"journal":{"name":"European Neurology","volume":"86 1","pages":"13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9163193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Pesticide Exposure with Cognitive Function in Farmers.","authors":"Ismail Setyopranoto, Abdul Gofir, Laxmiprita Pusparani Rahardjo, Andre Stefanus Panggabean, Ery Kus Dwianingsih, Indarwati Setyaningsih, Cempaka Thursina Srie Setyaningrum, Sri Sutarni, Rusdy Ghazali Malueka","doi":"10.1159/000530899","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Organophosphate and carbamate are two types of pesticides that can induce cholinesterase suppression in humans. These lead to poisoning symptoms including muscle paralysis and respiratory depression in acute settings. In chronic settings, the mechanism of organophosphate and carbamate poisoning is still openly discussed. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify any correlations between erythrocyte cholinesterase and type of pesticides with cognitive performance of the subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in two sampling periods (July 2017 and October 2018) in Ngablak Districts, Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The study subjects were farmers with history of pesticide exposure. Cholinesterase levels (ChE) were analyzed from blood samples. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Stroop Test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 151 subjects aged between 23 and 91 years old were included. The long-term organophosphate exposure group had significantly lower MMSE scores compared with other types of pesticides, but not in carbamate (p = 0.017). After comparing \"organophosphate only\" and \"carbamate only\" groups, there were significant differences in MMSE scores (p = 0.018) but not in blood ChE levels (p = 0.286). Detailed assessment in MMSE domains showed significantly lower scores for orientation, attention, and registration domains (p &lt; 0.05) in the organophosphate group. There were no significant associations between types of pesticides and blood ChE levels with the Stroop Test results (p &gt; 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long-term organophosphate exposure could produce lower cognitive function and the insignificant association between blood ChE levels to MMSE could lead to non-cholinergic pathways as its underlying pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12065,"journal":{"name":"European Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"305-314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9688589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Acute Transverse Myelitis following COVID-19 Infection: A Review on the Potential Pathways.","authors":"Majid Reza Farrokhi,&nbsp;Farideh Iravanpour,&nbsp;Negar Nejabat","doi":"10.1159/000529927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a rare neurological disorder in adults characterized by localized inflammation of gray and white matter in one or more contiguous spinal cord segments in the absence of a compressive injury. Several reports have connected the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to the pathophysiology of ATM.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Direct invasion of the spinal cord, cytokine storm, or an autoimmune response are the possible pathways by which the SARS-CoV-2 virus can affect the spinal cord and lead to ATM. Direct invasion is facilitated by the presence of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors on the membranes of the spinal cord neurons. Cytokine storm syndrome could be derived from elevated levels of several immunological factors following severe involvement with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Finally, autoimmune responses can cause post-infectious ATM through several hypothesized processes, including molecular mimicry, epitope spreading, bystander activation, and polyclonal B-cell activation.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>COVID-19-induced ATM is mostly a longitudinally-extensive ATM (LEATM), in which more spinal cord segments are damaged, which results in a worse sequel compared to short-segment ATM. Therefore, it is suggested that COVID-19 patients, particularly severe cases, be followed up for a probable incidence of ATM, even long after recovery from the disease and elimination of the virus from the host, because an early diagnosis and effective therapy may stop the spread of inflammation to adjacent segments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12065,"journal":{"name":"European Neurology","volume":"86 3","pages":"209-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9788872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minor Salivary Gland Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Neurosarcoidosis.","authors":"Nicolas Fournier,&nbsp;Yvan Jamilloux,&nbsp;Mathieu Gerfaud-Valentin,&nbsp;Nathalie Streichenberger,&nbsp;Sandra Vukusic,&nbsp;Romain Marignier,&nbsp;Géraldine Androdias,&nbsp;Pascal Seve","doi":"10.1159/000529920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The definite diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis is challenging since it requires a compatible histology of the nervous system. When neurosarcoidosis is suspected, other systemic manifestations are investigated to confirm the diagnosis. A minor salivary gland biopsy (MSGB) is often performed since it is minimally invasive. The objective of the present study was to assess its performance for the diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective single-center study included patients who underwent a MSGB in a tertiary neurological university hospital (Lyon, France) between 2015 and 2018. Clinical presentations unlikely to be compatible with neurosarcoidosis were excluded. Positive cases of neurosarcoidosis were defined as definite, probable, and possible cases, according to the latest international neurosarcoidosis diagnostic criteria from the Neurosarcoidosis Consortium Consensus Group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 529 patients underwent a MSGB for clinical manifestations compatible with neurosarcoidosis. Among the 13 who fulfilled the criteria for neurosarcoidosis, only one had a positive MSGB. The sensitivity of MSGB was 7.7% (95% CI [0.2-36.0%]) and the specificity was 100.0% (95% CI [99.3-100%]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering the low sensitivity of MSGB for the diagnosis of NS, MSGB should be performed in selected indications, including a suspicion of spinal cord sarcoidosis, or when there is a strong clinical, laboratory, and radiological suspicion of NS. MSGB should rather not be performed when the chest CT-scan does not show signs of pulmonary or lymph node sarcoidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12065,"journal":{"name":"European Neurology","volume":"86 3","pages":"171-177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9790800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}