ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY最新文献_第2页

Development of Sericulture in the Eastern Adriatic during the Austrian Administration 奥地利统治时期东亚得里亚海蚕桑业的发展

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.30958/ajhis.9-1-1

Marija Gjurašić, Tea Đurović

{"title":"Development of Sericulture in the Eastern Adriatic during the Austrian Administration","authors":"Marija Gjurašić, Tea Đurović","doi":"10.30958/ajhis.9-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhis.9-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"The production of silk, the queen of natural fibres, began in ancient China and was a well-kept secret for millennia. As silk was used for a variety of purposes, not only in making luxury clothes, wallpapers, and other expensive textile items, but also in papermaking and the production of musical instruments and fishing gear, it became a much desired commodity, which the Chinese exported along the Silk Road routes all the way to the Mediterranean. When seedlings of mulberry trees, silkworm eggs, and the knowledge of silk craftsmanship arrived in Constantinople in the 6th century, the tradition of sericulture and silk craftsmanship spread to numerous Mediterranean areas, including Greece, Italy, France, Spain, Portugal, and the Eastern Adriatic. Based on relevant literature and some previously unexplored archival sources, this paper presents the development of sericulture (cocoon or pupa production) and silk craftsmanship (making silk products) in the Eastern Adriatic region during the 18th and 19th centuries. Our research focuses on Croatia, at that time under the domination of the Habsburg Monarchy and divided into two parts – the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia (with the capital in Zagreb) and the Kingdom of Dalmatia (with the capital in Zadar).","PeriodicalId":120643,"journal":{"name":"ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131254307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Ecology and Economic Practices of the Isukha and Idakho Communities in Colonial Period 1895-1963 1895-1963年殖民时期Isukha和Idakho社区的生态和经济实践

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.30958/ajhis.9-1-4

Kizito Lusambili Muchanga

{"title":"The Ecology and Economic Practices of the Isukha and Idakho Communities in Colonial Period 1895-1963","authors":"Kizito Lusambili Muchanga","doi":"10.30958/ajhis.9-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhis.9-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"The penetration of colonialism in Isukha and Idakho can best be understood within the general framework of the global imperialism of the nineteenth century, with Europe being the hub of global imperialism where the imperialists were motivated by economic, humanitarian and strategic factors. After the 1886 and 1890 Anglo-German treaties at Berlin's conference, East Africa was divided between the British and the Germans. British East Africa (Kenya and Uganda) was under the control of the Imperial British East Africa Company (IBEACo). In 1894, Uganda was declared a protectorate and its sphere included the Baluyia. This same year, protectorate officials were sent to Mumias, which was by then a traders' entry-point on the road to Uganda. This paper analyses the ecology and economic environment of the Bisukha and Bidakho of the Luyia community during the colonial epoch. The paper took a qualitative approach to data collection, engaging participants in oral interviews and focused group discussions on understanding the two community practices. In what is termed an ethnographic approach, the author finds that the natives lost control of resources that were crucial in the proper management of their environments and the practice of various economic activities. This paper, therefore, finds that Land as a natural resource was alienated with forests being gazetted and animals confiscated to feed the soldiers of World Wars I and II.","PeriodicalId":120643,"journal":{"name":"ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117065309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Socio-cultural and Political Practices of the People of the Auchi Kingdom Before the Arrival of the Nupe in Nigeria 努佩人到达尼日利亚之前奥奇王国人民的社会文化和政治实践

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.30958/ajhis.9-1-3

S. Yakubu

{"title":"The Socio-cultural and Political Practices of the People of the Auchi Kingdom Before the Arrival of the Nupe in Nigeria","authors":"S. Yakubu","doi":"10.30958/ajhis.9-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhis.9-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Ancient African civilizations flourished for centuries in large expanse of land stretching from the Nile Valley to West Africa. In what is known as the Nigeran nation today was formerly made up of kingdoms and empires. One of such kingdoms was the Auchi Kingdom which was invaded by the Nupe in 1860 and they introduced some of their socio-cultural practices but the British dislodged the Nupe in 1897 by establishing British colonial rule which brought about socio-economic exploitation and also further innovations in the Auchi kingdom. Many socio-cultural and political practices of the Auchi Kingdom was abolished and the Nupe people introduced their own cultural and traditional practices after they established their imperial rule over the Auchi Kingdom. It must be said that many indigenous African traditions and socio-cultural practices dwindled away while some remained after European colonialism. Drawing from oral sources and ethnographic research in the region, the article argues that Auchi Kingdom in Nigeria had well-organized socio-cultural and political practices that was the binding force of the people before the Kingdom was overrun by the Nupe people that altered their indigenous practices in 1860 prior to the arrival of the British colonialist in 1897.","PeriodicalId":120643,"journal":{"name":"ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132698283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Queen Atossa: Adamantine Achaemenid Apron-Strings [Hdt. 2.1.1−2, Hdt. 3.66.2, 3.88.2, 3.133−134, Hdt.7.2.1−3, and 7.3.4]s

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.30958/ajhis.8-4-2

Oliver R. Baker

{"title":"Queen Atossa: Adamantine Achaemenid Apron-Strings [Hdt. 2.1.1−2, Hdt. 3.66.2, 3.88.2, 3.133−134, Hdt.7.2.1−3, and 7.3.4]s","authors":"Oliver R. Baker","doi":"10.30958/ajhis.8-4-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhis.8-4-2","url":null,"abstract":"Claims that Herodotus reveals himself as a proto-biographer, let alone as a proto-feminist, are not yet widely accepted. To help advance these claims, I have selected one remarkable, non-Greek, barbarian woman—Queen Atossa of Persia, the daughter of Cyrus the Great, and the spouse of three Achaemenid kings—whose exploits during their reigns are recounted in his Histories. It is to Heraclitus—a near contemporary—to whom we attribute the maxim êthos anthropôi daimôn (ἦθος ἀνθρώπῳ δαίμων)—character is human destiny—and it is the truth of this maxim—implying effective human agency—that makes Herodotus’ creation of historical narrative possible. From his many vignettes, which, without advancing the narrative, Herodotus is able to color-in the character of some of the more notable individuals he identifies in his Histories. Although never the cradle to grave accounts typical of Plutarch centuries later, by leap-frogging through three of the nine books, we can assemble a partially continuous narrative, and thus gauge Atossa’s character. Arguably this lets us attribute both credit and moral responsibility. This implied causation demonstrates that Herodotus’ writings include not only proto-biography but in several instances—one of which is given here—proto-feminism.","PeriodicalId":120643,"journal":{"name":"ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125742854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Greek Population of the Province of Alexandropol during the Turkish Invasions of 1918-1920: An Analysis based on Oral History 1918-1920年土耳其入侵期间亚历山德罗波尔省的希腊人口:基于口述历史的分析

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.30958/ajhis.8-4-3

Karine Bazeyan, Grigor Aghanyan

引用次数: 0

“Ther cam a Privee Theef, Men Clepeth Deeth”: A Tale of Two Plagues and of Altered Perspectives “他们有一个私人小偷，男人的死亡”:两个瘟疫的故事和改变的观点

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.30958/ajhis.8-4-1

Ken Moore

引用次数: 0

The Vlachs - People Formed Around a Dynasty 瓦拉克人——围绕一个王朝形成的民族

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.30958/ajhis.8-4-4

Ştefan Stareţu

{"title":"The Vlachs - People Formed Around a Dynasty","authors":"Ştefan Stareţu","doi":"10.30958/ajhis.8-4-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhis.8-4-4","url":null,"abstract":"Serbian kings were co-heirs to the Arpad dynasty, Stefan Dragutin and his son, Stefan Vladislav, son of the eldest daughter of the last significant Arpad king. His Angevin adversaries, descendants of a younger sister of Dragutin’s wife, had the support of the papacy. In the Hungarian regions where Dragutin and Vladislav’s supporters had estates, Serbian Vlachs were colonized. In the Krasso region, where even today the population is bilingual in Serb and Vlach and has a mixed identity, in which Serb and Vlach are interchangeable, the same, and which onomastically preserve all the main family names that Vlach nobility in counties colonized later from this region, such as Maramoros or Hunyad has (this is the Crisov land mentioned in the Roman and Vlachata medieval narrative, the first land settled by the Serb Vlachs under Dragutin in Hungary from which they later spread). In the Hunyad County, where the wedding of Dragutin’s son, Vladislav, and Laszlo Kán’s daughter took place, the first Vlachs from Serbia came as reinforcement of the political enterprise of the Nemanjic dynasty as a successor of the Arpad line, despite a papal ex-communication. Afterwards, in the areas of Miklos Pok (Maramaros, Ugocsa, Bereg), another ally of Dragutin, influenced by Andrew of Halics, another wave of Serbian Vlach colonists came, the ancestors of Maramaros nobility. In the acts of the Catholic Church in Câmpulung Muscel, a note about Negru Vodă’s wife is preserved. She is called Katalin, the daughter of the Hungarian King. This implies the identity between the semi-legendary XVIIth century figure of Negru Vodă and Dragutin. Negru Vodă probably is a translation of Maurovlach, black Vlach. Heraldry common to Serbia, Bosnia, Wallachia, and Moldavia, the Ethiopic heads, supports the identity between Hungarian Wallachia, and Nemanjic Serbia, and the origin of its dynasty from the Nemanjic. This genealogic identity is preserved in the painted family tree of Curtea de Argeş, where Neagoe Basarab implies the symbolism of the 12 tribes of Israel to suggest the political unity of Serbian Vlachs in the ottoman regions and the colonized north.","PeriodicalId":120643,"journal":{"name":"ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125463110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multinationals in the Grain Trade: Bunge and Nidera in the Lower Danube Region (1930–1948) 粮食贸易中的跨国公司:多瑙河下游地区的邦吉和尼德拉(1930-1948)

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.30958/ajhis.8-3-4

Cristian Constantin

引用次数: 0

Between Greeks and Latins: Pilies Street in Medieval Vilnius 希腊人和拉丁人之间:中世纪维尔纽斯的皮利斯街

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.30958/ajhis.8-3-2

Irma Kaplūnaitė

引用次数: 0

Wanted: A Date with Herodotus 通缉:与希罗多德约会

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HISTORY Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.30958/ajhis.8-3-3

Oliver R. Baker

引用次数: 0