African Journal of Political Science and International Relations最新文献_第10页

Election observation and its political impact in Southern Africa 南部非洲的选举观察及其政治影响

African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Pub Date : 2017-02-28 DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0923

Z. Maundeni, N. Musekiwa, B. Seabo

引用次数: 1

On the brink of an Arab spring-style conflict: Zimbabwes quagmire and policy options 在阿拉伯之春式冲突的边缘:津巴布韦的困境和政策选择

African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0917

Torque Mude

引用次数: 0

Authoritarian trends and their continuity in Sri Lankan politics: A study of operationalizing of authoritarianism from 2005 to 2015 Period 斯里兰卡政治中的威权主义趋势及其连续性:2005年至2015年期间威权主义运作化研究

African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0946

Upul Abeyrathne, Upali Pannilage, N. Ranawaka

{"title":"Authoritarian trends and their continuity in Sri Lankan politics: A study of operationalizing of authoritarianism from 2005 to 2015 Period","authors":"Upul Abeyrathne, Upali Pannilage, N. Ranawaka","doi":"10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0946","url":null,"abstract":"This study talks about the authoritarian trends and their continuity in Sri Lankan Politics since 2005. Sri Lanka was considered a model Third World Democracy at the initial phase of political independence from colonial rule. However, the country has been converted into a constitutionally established authoritarian type regime through constitution making exercise. This trend was increased in galloping speed with Mahinda Rajapakshe regimes since 2005 to 2015. The defeat of Rajapakshe regime in an unexpected electoral defeat where election was calculated as an opportunity to extend the regime with the possibility of eroding democratic values forever made the possibility of democracy in the country a clear sign. The regime went beyond authoritarianism type and embraced many features of a totalitarian type regime. However, totalitarian trends long last event after initial defeat of such regimes. This trend remains largely unexplored and non-theorized within the Sri Lankan scholarship. The objective of the present study was to fill the afoermentioned gap in the scholarship. The methodology of the study has been the observations made by the three authors for the said period and they have been critically reflected upon and presented. The study concluded that the biggest political challenge ahead of Sri Lanka is to do away with the ethnic consciousness nurtured among the majority Sinhalese as a political tool of maintaining totalitarian culture and those legacies need to be address in harnessing democratic culture \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Authoritarianism, totalitarian, Mahinda Rajapakshe, Sri Lanka, Third World totalitarian.","PeriodicalId":120632,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Political Science and International Relations","volume":"27 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125996510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Military intervention in Africas conflicts as a route to peace: Strengths and pitfalls 军事干预非洲冲突是通往和平之路:优势与缺陷

African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Pub Date : 2016-12-31 DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0930

John K. Akokpari

{"title":"Military intervention in Africas conflicts as a route to peace: Strengths and pitfalls","authors":"John K. Akokpari","doi":"10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0930","url":null,"abstract":"This study seeks to answer a basic question: what are the merits and flaws of military intervention as a tool of conflict management in Africa? It uses a qualitative research approach and draws on existing literature on conflicts and military intervention in Africa. The study argues that military intervention and peacekeeping operations (PKOs) have become the most common approaches to conflict management in Africa. While these approaches have been effective in mitigating, or at least managing, most of the continent’s conflicts, they are not without lapses. In addition to human and financial costs, dubious intentions of interventions, and damning recent revelations of misdemeanour of peacekeepers, an additional troubling lapse of interventions and PKOs is their inability to address the fundamental causes of conflicts. Consequently, intervention-induced peace in most post-conflicts states remains tenuous, leaving them susceptible to relapse into conflict with the exit of peacekeepers. The article suggests that addressing the root causes is a better and a more sustainable way of mitigating conflicts and promoting peace in Africa. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Africa, conflict, peace, military intervention, PKOs.","PeriodicalId":120632,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Political Science and International Relations","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114061687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Domestic sources of international action: Ethiopia and the global war on terrorism 国际行动的国内来源:埃塞俄比亚和全球反恐战争

African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Pub Date : 2016-11-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0906

Y. K. Mulat

{"title":"Domestic sources of international action: Ethiopia and the global war on terrorism","authors":"Y. K. Mulat","doi":"10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0906","url":null,"abstract":"Using the concept of ‘strategies of extraversion’ as an analytical framework, this paper argues that governments in the developing world exploit Western concerns about security, especially US anti-terrorism policies, as a domestic policy instrument. The paper focuses on Ethiopia’s 2006 military intervention in Somalia to argue that Ethiopia’s active role in the fight against terrorism is centered on the regime’s domestic concerns. By successfully positioning itself as a key Western ally in the turbulent Horn of Africa, the Ethiopian Government has redefined external perception especially in the wake of the highly contested election of May 2005. The regime has managed to delegitimize internal opposition under the pretense of fighting terrorism; at the same time it became impervious to criticism from Western countries of its human rights records and democratic credentials. On the basis of the case study, the paper contributes to the analysis of Western/US relations with developing governments in the context of GWOT, and more broadly to the debate on the trade-off between security and the promotion of democracy in the third world. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Ethiopia, horn of Africa, war on terror, 'extraversion', foreign aid.","PeriodicalId":120632,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Political Science and International Relations","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121493340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Party system, its peculiarities and development of political practices in Nigeria 尼日利亚政党制度及其特点与政治实践的发展

African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Pub Date : 2016-10-31 DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2015.0852

A. O. Taiwo

{"title":"Party system, its peculiarities and development of political practices in Nigeria","authors":"A. O. Taiwo","doi":"10.5897/AJPSIR2015.0852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPSIR2015.0852","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts a reasoned critique of the applicability of the concept of traditional ‘party system’ vis-a-vis the emergence and peculiar nature of political parties in Nigeria. Focusing on the various theoretical expositions of party systems and its heuristic adaptations across the globe, the paper investigated the historical antecedents of party formation, administration, composition and party loyalty and its metastasis in Nigeria. The paper observed that while multi-partism appears to have been the dominant practice from the colonial period till date, the spirit behind the formation and administration of the parties bears much of regional overtone than the entrenchment of democratic values and enhanced freedom of association, which the presence of many parties customarily entails. Beyond the various reforms in the Nigerian party system, therefore, this study hazards an observation that putting good framework on ground is not enough, there is also the palpable threat that can be self-inflicted by various factions within the political parties while each strives to find ways to secure relevance and control in usually fierce and sly manners. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Democratic governance, Nigeria, party system, political practices, good governance.","PeriodicalId":120632,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Political Science and International Relations","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129383743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Analysis of politics in the land tenure system: Experience of successive Ethiopian regimes since 1930 土地权属制度中的政治分析:1930年以来埃塞俄比亚历届政权的经验

African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Pub Date : 2016-09-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0919

Teshome Chala

{"title":"Analysis of politics in the land tenure system: Experience of successive Ethiopian regimes since 1930","authors":"Teshome Chala","doi":"10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0919","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the politics of land tenure in the last three regimes in Ethiopia, the Imperial, Derg and the incumbent government. It critically examines the nature and mechanisms of land alienation and related controversial issues carried out in the context of Ethiopian history by national actors. Ethiopian regimes have experienced a strong political debate on the appropriate land tenure policy. Imperial regime encouraged complex tenure system characterized by extreme state intervention. However, Derg effectively abolished previous feudal land owning system thereby distribute access to land through Peasant Associations. The incumbent government on the other hand changed certain the policies of former regime by declaring state land ownership in the Federal Constitution. The debate continued yet again with privatization -vs- state ownership dichotomy. The key source of controversy is emanated from how Ethiopian regimes have used land resource as an instrument to realize sustainable development. Therefore, the nature of those contentions would be analyzed by taking into account private and government ownership system from theoretical perspective in need of policy option in this subject. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Land tenure system, state land ownership, Derg, Ethiopian People Revolution Democratic Front (EPRDF).","PeriodicalId":120632,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Political Science and International Relations","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129733892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Chinas non-alliance strategy: Facing the XXI century 面向二十一世纪的中国不结盟战略

African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Pub Date : 2016-08-31 DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0900

M. Campayo

引用次数: 1

The US attempt of supremacy in the twenty first century: Russian and Chinese response 美国在21世纪称霸的企图:俄罗斯和中国的反应

African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Pub Date : 2016-07-31 DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0888

N. Hettiarachchi, Upul Abeyrathne

{"title":"The US attempt of supremacy in the twenty first century: Russian and Chinese response","authors":"N. Hettiarachchi, Upul Abeyrathne","doi":"10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0888","url":null,"abstract":"This study is about international politics of post-cold war period in which US attempted to become the singular hegemonic power in the international political affairs. The major purpose of the study was to explore the responses of emerging powers in the international political system to US ambition. The article will start with a discussion on elements of US Grand Strategy in its foreign affairs. It has been revealed that strategy was based on modernist premises even though the world has been changed by globalizing forces. However, the thesis that the end of cold war has brought with the end of sovereignty of the states was questioned by arguing that sovereignty of small states had decreased, while the sovereignty of strong states had increased. Rogue states defined by US had become allies of emerging powers. The regional wars fought by US in different locations simultaneously had weakened its capacity and economically unsustainable. Economic power of rising powers and military modernization of their armories had given them impetus to become more and more assertive. China and Russia had worked together in coalition in international forums to challenged US hegemony. The division within the allies of US also had weakened its position further. Thus, international politics of the contemporary world order could best understood multi-polar in character and content. The US attempt at the sole hegemonic power in international politics has become a dream in the context of emerging powers claim for greater role in international politics. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: United States, Russia, China, grand strategy, unipolarity, emerging powers.","PeriodicalId":120632,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Political Science and International Relations","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122660429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The patterns of state rebuilding and federalism in Somalia 索马里国家重建和联邦制的模式

African Journal of Political Science and International Relations Pub Date : 2016-06-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0904

A. Abubakar

{"title":"The patterns of state rebuilding and federalism in Somalia","authors":"A. Abubakar","doi":"10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPSIR2016.0904","url":null,"abstract":"Public opinions and evaluations of federal systems are important to the functionality and vitality of those systems. Yet little is known about the general public opinion on whether a federal system of government in Somalia promotes positive political stability, accommodates the interests of different groups and the barriers to transitioning into a federal system whilst being a fragile state. 165 participants representing the stakeholders of society in the Somali Federal Parliament participated in the study. This study argues that the design of federalism is a significant factor for the success of the system in post conflict countries. To enhance the prospects of state rebuilding from a political perspective and to facilitate the envisaged decentralization, there is an enormous need for reform when public institutions are weak. The reforms will have to include political inclusion through a multi-party system, constitutional review, supportive atmosphere for political competition, the clear separation of powers of the federal government and defined exercisable powers between the regional states and central government. In addition, a fair and transparent process is necessary for the creation of federal member states. Barriers are inherent and inevitable in the process of shifting from the previous centralized system and current clan power sharing arrangements to federalism. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Federalism, state rebuilding, political stability, Somalia.","PeriodicalId":120632,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Political Science and International Relations","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133319609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4