European Journal of Sport Science最新文献

{"title":"Association between pre-exercise food ingestion timing and reactive hypoglycemia: Insights from a large database of continuous glucose monitoring data.","authors":"Andrea Zignoli, Federico Y Fontana, David J Lipman, Kristina Skroce, Felipe M Maturana, Howard C Zisser","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2233468","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2233468","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using a large database of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data, this study aimed to gain insights into the association between pre-exercise food ingestion timing and reactive hypoglycemia. A group of 6,761 users self-reported 48,799 pre-exercise food ingestion events and logged minute-by-minute CGM, which was used to detect reactive hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL) in the first 30 min of exercise. A linear and a non-linear binomial logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between food ingestion timing and the probability of experiencing reactive hypoglycemia. An analysis of variance was conducted to compare the predictive ability of the models. On average, reactive hypoglycemia was detected in 8.34 ± 3.04% of the total events, with <15% of individuals experiencing hypoglycemia in >20% of their events. The majority of the reactive hypoglycemia events were found with pre-exercise food timing between ∼30 and ∼90 min, with a peak at ∼60 min. The superior accuracy (62.05 vs 45.1%) and F-score (0.75 vs 0.59) of the non-linear vs the linear model were statistically superior (P < 0.0001). These results support the notion of an unfavourable 30-to-90 min pre-exercise food ingestion time window which can significantly impact the likelihood of reactive hypoglycemia in some individuals. HIGHLIGHTS Large datasets of self-reported continuous glucose monitoring and food events are used here for the first time to get insights into reactive hypoglycemia, a condition often regarded as negative for endurance performance events Using a binomial non-linear logistic regression model, the association between pre-exercise food ingestion timing and reactive hypoglycemia revealed the presence of an unfavourable window, when reactive hypoglycemia is more likely to occur. Results confirm an individual predisposition to reactive hypoglycemia and, for 8 in 100 individuals, the pre-exercise food ingestion timing can meaningfully impact the likelihood of experiencing reactive hypoglycemia.","PeriodicalId":12061,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9895108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific collagen peptides increase adaptions of patellar tendon morphology following 14-weeks of high-load resistance training: A randomized-controlled trial.","authors":"Simon Jerger, Christoph Centner, Benedikt Lauber, Olivier Seynnes, Till Friedrich, David Lolli, Albert Gollhofer, Daniel König","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2232758","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2232758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a supplementation with specific collagen peptides (SCP) combined with resistance training (RT) on changes in structural properties of the patellar tendon. Furthermore, tendon stiffness as well as maximal voluntary knee extension strength and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the rectus femoris muscle were assessed. In a randomized, placebo-controlled study, 50 healthy, moderately active male participants completed a 14-week resistance training program with three weekly sessions (70-85% of 1 repetition maximum [1RM]) for the knee extensors. While the SCP group received 5g of specific collagen peptides daily, the other group received the same amount of a placebo (PLA) supplement. The SCP supplementation led to a significant greater (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increase in patellar tendon CSA compared with the PLA group at 60% and 70% of the patellar tendon length starting from the proximal insertion. Both groups increased tendon stiffness (<i>p</i> < 0.01), muscle CSA (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and muscular strength (<i>p</i> < 0.001) throughout the intervention without significant differences between the groups. The current study shows that in healthy, moderately active men, supplementation of SCP in combination with RT leads to greater increase in patellar tendon CSA than RT alone. Since underlying mechanisms of tendon hypertrophy are currently unknown, further studies should investigate potential mechanisms causing the increased morphology adaptions following SCP supplementation.<b>Trial registration:</b> German Clinical Trials Register identifier: DRKS00029244..</p>","PeriodicalId":12061,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9931347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The physical determinants of maximal jumping time of flight in elite trampolining.","authors":"Natalie Dyas, David Green, Kevin Thomas, Esme Matthew, Glyn Howatson","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2227128","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2227128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Time of flight (ToF) is an objective scoring component of elite trampolining, assessed in training by maximal jump tests. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between physical floor based performance meaures and 20-maximum ToF. Thirty-two elite level gymnasts (13 senior; 19 junior) performed a battery of floor based tests and a 20-maximum jump test. Floor based tests included cycling peak power output, reactive strength index (RSI), unloaded countermovement jumps (CMJ), and loaded CMJ's to construct a load-velocity profile for prediction of theoretical maximum force (CMJ F₀). Very large and large, positive bivariate relationships were observed between CMJ F₀ and ToF for the seniors (r = 0.85) and juniors (r = 0.56), respectively. Very large, positive bivariate relationships were observed between CMJ height and total ToF for both seniors (r = 0.74) and juniors (r = 0.77). Step-wise multiple regression analyses revealed CMJ F₀ predicted 72% of ToF variability between seniors, and CMJ height (59%), 10 to 5 RSI (13%), and CMJ F₀ (10%) predicting 82% of ToF variability between juniors. This suggests CMJ F_0, lower limb maximal isometric capabilities, and CMJ height are important floor based predictors of maximal ToF in elite gymnasts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12061,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9719719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What happens in the prefrontal cortex? Cognitive processing of novel and familiar stimuli in soccer: An exploratory fNIRS study.","authors":"Lena F Schmaderer, Mathilda Meyer, Rüdiger Reer, Nils Schumacher","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2238699","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2238699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The importance of both general and sport-specific perceptual-cognitive abilities in soccer players has been investigated in several studies. Although these perceptual-cognitive skills could contribute significantly to soccer players' expertise, the underlying cortical mechanisms have not been clarified yet. Examining activity changes in the prefrontal cortex under different cognitive demands may help to better understand the underlying mechanisms of sports expertise. The aim of this study was to analyse the prefrontal activity of soccer experts during general and sport-specific cognitive tasks. For this purpose, 39 semi-professional soccer players performed four perceptual-cognitive tests, two of which assessed general cognition, the other two assessed sport-specific cognition. Since soccer is a movement-intensive sport, two tests were performed in motion. While performing cognitive tests, prefrontal activity was recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) (NIRSport, NIRx Medical Technologies, USA). Differences of prefrontal activity in general and sport-specific cognitive tasks were analysed using paired t-tests. The results showed significant increases in prefrontal activity during general cognitive tests (novel stimuli) compared to sport-specific tests (familiar stimuli). The comparatively lower prefrontal activity change during sport-specific cognition might be due to learned automatisms of experts in this field. These results seem in line with previous findings on novel and automated cognition, \"repetition suppression theory\" and \"neural efficiency theory\". Furthermore, the different cortical processes could be caused by altered prefrontal structures of experts and might represent a decisive factor for expertise in team sports. However, further research is needed to clarify the prefrontal involvement on expertise in general and sport-specific cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":12061,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9927508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute beetroot juice supplementation did not enhance intermittent running performance in trained rugby players.","authors":"Ozcan Esen, Raci Karayigit, Daniel J Peart","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2230942","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2230942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b><b>Purpose:</b> Since the effect of dietary nitrate (NO₃^-) supplementation on rugby performance is unclear, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of acute NO₃^- supplementation, on the modified Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 (IR1) performance test in trained male rugby players.<b>Methods:</b> In a randomised, counterbalanced, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, 12 trained rugby union players performed two experimental trials three hours after supplementation of either 140 mL NO₃^--rich (BRJ; ∼12.8 mmol NO₃^-) or NO₃^--depleted (PLA) BRJ. After blood sampling, players performed the modified Yo-Yo IR1 test. Countermovement jumps (CMJ) were also measured before (pre-CMJ) and after (post-CMJ) the prone Yo-Yo IR1 test.<b>Results:</b> Plasma NO₃^- (BRJ: 570 ± 146 µM <i>vs.</i> PLA: 72 ± 23 µM) and nitrite (NO₂^-) concentrations (BRJ: 320 ± 123 nM <i>vs.</i> PLA: 103 ± 57 nM) were increased after BRJ compared to PLA supplementation (both <i>P</i> < 0.001). Performance in the modified Yo-Yo IR1 test did not differ between BRJ (542 ± 209 m) and PLA (498 ± 185 m, <i>P</i> = 0.3). The jump height in pre-CMJ and in post-CMJ were similar between trials (both <i>P</i> > 0.05).<b>Conclusions:</b> Acute BRJ supplementation increased plasma NO₃^- and NO₂^- concentrations but had no benefit on an intermittent running test that reflects the demands of rugby performance, and CMJ performances. The findings do not support acute high-dose NO₃^- supplementation as an ergogenic aid to enhance physical performance in trained male rugby players.</p>","PeriodicalId":12061,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10602727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in fatigability and recovery following a 5 km running time trial in recreationally active adults.","authors":"Maria Solleiro Pons, Sandra K Hunter, Paul Ansdell","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2233483","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2233483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>Females demonstrate greater fatigue resistance compared to males in tasks ranging from single-limb contractions to whole-body exercise, including running. Many of the studies investigating sex differences in fatigability following running, however, occur after long duration, low-intensity tasks and it is unknown whether there is a sex difference in fatigability following high-intensity running. This study compared fatigability and recovery following a 5 km running time trial in young males and females. Sixteen recreationally active participants (8 males, 8 females, age: 23 ± 4 years) completed a familiarisation and experimental trial. Knee-extensor maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) were performed before and up to 30 min after a 5 km time trial on a treadmill. Heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded after every kilometre during the time trial. Although not significantly different, males completed the 5 km time trial 15% faster than females (<i>p = </i>0.095). Heart rate (<i>p </i>= 0.843) and RPE (<i>p </i>= 0.784) were similar between the sexes during the trial. Prior to running, males had larger MVCs (<i>p </i>= 0.014). The relative decrease in MVC force was less in females than males immediately post-exercise (-4.6 ± 2.4% vs. -15.1 ± 3.0%, <i>p </i>< 0.001) and at 10-minutes post-exercise (<i>p </i>= 0.018). At 20- and 30-minutes recovery, however, relative MVC force was not different between the sexes (<i>p </i>≥ 0.129). These data demonstrate that females experienced less fatigability of the knee extensors than males following a high-intensity 5 km running time trial. The findings highlight the need to understand responses to exercise in both sexes and have implications for recovery from training and exercise prescription.<b>Highlights</b> Data regarding sex differences in fatigability following high-intensity running is relatively sparse.Therefore, this study quantified the decrease in knee-extensor maximum voluntary contraction force (MVC) following a 5-km self-paced running time trial.Despite similar heart rates and ratings of perceived exertion, the percentage decrease in MVC was three times greater in males compared to females.Relative MVCs remained greater in females compared to males until 20 min post-exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":12061,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9946634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing is everything, but does it really matter? Impact of 8-weeks morning versus evening iron supplementation in ballet and contemporary dancers.","authors":"Caitlin Attwell, Alannah McKay, Marc Sim, Cory Dugan, Joanna Nicholas, Luke Hopper, Peter Peeling","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2224285","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2224285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>The effectiveness of a morning versus evening oral iron supplement strategy to increase iron stores was explored. Ballet and contemporary dancers with serum ferritin (sFer) < 50μg/L (n = 14), were supplemented daily with 105 mg elemental oral iron in either the morning (Fe_AM) or evening (Fe_PM) for 8 weeks. A control group (n = 6) with sFer >50μg/L were given no supplement over the same period. Dancers' sFer were measured at baseline and post-intervention. Assessment of daily training load, dietary intake, and menstruation were made. A significant interaction (<i>p</i> < 0.001) showed the within group sFer change over the 8-week intervention in Fe_AM (+25.9 ± 10.5μg/L) and Fe_PM, (+22.3 ± 13.6μg/L) was significantly different to CON (-30.17 ± 28.7μg/L; both <i>p</i> = 0.001). This change was not different between Fe_AM and Fe_PM (<i>p</i> = 0.778). sFer levels within Fe_AM and Fe_PM significantly increased over the 8-weeks; however, they significantly decreased in the CON group (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). Post-intervention sFer levels were no longer different between the three groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Training load, dietary intake, and number of menstrual cycles incurred were similar between Fe_AM and Fe_PM (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Oral iron supplementation in either the morning or evening appears equally effective in increasing sFer levels in dancers with sub-optimal iron status.</p>","PeriodicalId":12061,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9767168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"11 for Health\" in China - Effects on physical fitness in 9-11-year-old schoolchildren.","authors":"Zhen Li, Peter Krustrup, Morten Bredsgaard Randers, Bo Xu, Weixin Yang, Zhixiong Huang, Lijuan Mao","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2227139","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2227139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>Previous studies have shown that the school-based physical activity programme entitled \"11 for Health\" has been effective in improving the physical fitness, well-being and overall health profile of European children. The main purpose of the present study was to examine whether the \"11 for Health\" programme can have a positive impact on the physical fitness of primary school pupils in China. A total of 124 primary school pupils aged 9-11 years were included in the experiment, randomly divided into the experimental group (EG, <i>n</i> = 62) and the control group (CG, <i>n</i> = 62). EG carried out three weekly 35-minute sessions of small-sided football for a total of 11 weeks. All data were analysed by a mixed ANOVA with the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test. The results showed greater improvements (<i>p</i><0.001) in EG than CG in relation to systolic blood pressure (-2.9 vs +2.0 mmHg). Moreover, greater improvements (all <i>p</i><0.05) were observed in postural balance (13 vs 0%), standing long jump (5.0 vs 0.5%), 30-metre sprint (4.1 vs 1.3%) and Yo-Yo IR1C running performance (17% vs 6%). In both EG and CG, physical activity enjoyment was observed to be higher (<i>P</i><0.05) compared to the start of the intervention with increases of 3.7 and 3.9 AU respectively. In conclusion, the study revealed that the \"11 for Health\" programme has positive effects on aerobic and muscular fitness, and it appears to be a relevant tool in the physical activity promotion in the Chinese school system.</p>","PeriodicalId":12061,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9725989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of acute heat exposure on the determination of critical power and W' in women and men.","authors":"Gil Bourgois, Patrick Mucci, Kevin Caen, Alessandro L Colosio, Manon Kerckhove, Jan G Bourgois, Silvia Pogliaghi, Jan Boone","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2240748","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2240748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of this study was to investigate to what extent acute heat exposure would affect the parameters of the power-duration relationship, i.e. CP and W', using multiple constant workload tests to task failure, in women and men. Twenty four young physically active participants (12 men, 12 women) performed 3-5 constant load tests to determine CP and W', both in temperate (TEMP; 18°C) and hot (HOT; 36°C) environmental conditions. A repeated-measures ANOVA was executed to find differences between TEMP and HOT, and between women and men. In HOT, CP was reduced by 6.5% (227 ± 50 vs. 212 ± 47 W), while W' increased 12.4% (16.4 ± 4.4 vs. 18.5 ± 5.6 kJ). No significant two-way sex × temperature interactions were observed, indicating that the environmental conditions did not have a different effect in men compared with women. The intersection of the average curvatures in TEMP and HOT occurred at 137 s and 280 W in women, and 153 s and 397 W in men. Acute heat exposure had an impact on the parameters CP and W', i.e. CP decreased whereas W' increased. The increase in W' might be a consequence of the mathematical modelling for the used test methodology, rather than a physiological accurate value of W' in HOT. No differences induced by heat exposure were observed between women and men.</p>","PeriodicalId":12061,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9948507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dynamic model of the bi-exponential reconstitution and expenditure of W' in trained cyclists.","authors":"Alan Chorley, Simon Marwood, Kevin L Lamb","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2238679","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17461391.2023.2238679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different recovery power outputs on the reconstitution of W' and to develop a dynamic bi-exponential model of W' during depletion and reconstitution. Ten trained cyclists (mass 71.7 ± 8.4 kg; V̇O_2max 60.0 ± 6.3 ml·kg^-1·min^-1) completed three incremental ramps (20 W·min^-1) to the limit of tolerance on each of six occasions with recovery durations of 30 and 240 s. Recovery power outputs varied between 50 W (LOW); 60% of critical power (CP) (MOD) and 85% of CP (HVY). W' reconstitution was measured following each recovery and fitted to a bi-exponential model. Amplitude and time constant (<i>τ</i>) parameters were then determined via regression analysis accounting for relative intensity and duration to produce a dynamic model of W'. W' reconstitution slowed disproportionately as recovery power output increased (<i>p </i>< 0.001) and increased with recovery duration (<i>p </i>< 0.001). The amplitudes of each recovery component were strongly correlated to W' reconstitution after 240 s at HVY (<i>r </i>= 0.95), whilst <i>τ</i> parameters were found to be related to the fractional difference between recovery power and CP. The predictive capacity of the resultant model was assessed against experimental data with no differences found between predicted and experimental values of W' reconstitution (<i>p </i>> 0.05). The dynamic bi-exponential model of W' accounting for varying recovery intensities closely described W' kinetics in trained cyclists facilitating real-time decisions about pacing and tactics during competition. The model can be customised for individuals from known CP and W' and a single additional test session.<b>Highlights</b>A dynamic bi-exponential model of W' accounting for both varying power output and duration.Individual customisation of the model can be achieved with a single specific test session.W' reconstitution slows disproportionally with increasing intensity after repeated bouts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12061,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10269525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}