European Journal of Plant Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Melatonin improves the postharvest anthracnose resistance of mango fruit by regulating antioxidant activity, the phenylpropane pathway and cell wall metabolism","authors":"Dandan Lu, Yanfang Ren, Tengyu Yan, Xiangwei Jia, Haojie Xu, Boya Yang, Xinyu Zhang, Junyu He","doi":"10.1007/s10658-024-02930-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02930-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anthracnose caused by <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> is a major postharvest disease of mango. Melatonin (MT) is an endogenous plant hormone that plays a crucial role in both biotic and abiotic stress responses. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of MT treatment on anthracnose disease of “Tainong” mango fruit through both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> experiments. <i>In vivo</i> tests showed that 0.2 mmol L⁻¹ MT clearly postponed the occurrence of anthracnose and effectively reduced the lesion diameter on inoculated mango fruit. However, <i>in vitro</i> tests showed that MT had no significant effects on mycelium growth and spore germination of <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>. Further <i>in vivo</i> analysis demonstrated that MT significantly increased the activities of enzymes involved in phenylpropanoid metabolism and pathogenesis related proteins, as well as the contents of flavonoids, anthocyanins, lignin and total phenols in mango fruit. MT treatment caused an obvious production in the initial hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and nitric oxide (NO) contents in inoculated mango fruit, while it decreased their content at later stages by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, MT significantly reduced the activity of cell-wall hydrolases and the soluble pectin content, and slowed down the loss of cellulose and protopectin. Principal constituent analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis showed that MT enhanced the resistance of mango fruit to <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> by enhancing defense enzyme activities and the contents of secondary metabolites and inhibiting pectin hydrolysis. In summary, MT can be an effective alternative to fungicides aimed at controlling postharvest anthracnose.</p>","PeriodicalId":12052,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Plant Pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plants as an alternative to the use of chemicals for crop protection against biotic threats: trends and future perspectives","authors":"Adeyemi Oladapo Aremu, Temitope Olorunyomi Omogbene, Tobi Fadiji, Ibraheem Oduola Lawal, Umezuruike Linus Opara, Olaniyi Amos Fawole","doi":"10.1007/s10658-024-02924-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02924-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review entails a critical appraisal on the potential of plants as alternatives to synthetic chemicals for crop protection, aligning with the global shift towards green-based approaches in agriculture. Utilising a defined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 235 papers were extracted from Scopus. These articles were analyzed to address specific research questions related to plant-based biocontrol methods. Approximately 25% of the literature was published in journals such as \"Industrial Crops and Products\", \"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry\", \"Pest Management Science\", and \"Frontiers in Microbiology\". Thematic analysis identified core focus areas, including the chemical properties of antifungal agents, bioactive compounds, environmental protection, and the use of fungicides. Italy and China emerged as countries with the most represented authors, while China, India, and USA led in scientific production, corresponding authors' publications, and citation impact. We identified 91 plant species from 28 families, notably from the Lamiaceae, with strong potential as biocontrol agents. The most promising plants were <i>Platycladus orientalis</i> (L.) Franco, <i>Mentha piperita</i> L., <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i> L., <i>Coriandrum sativum</i> L., and <i>Allium ascalonicium</i> L. This study offers valuable insights and practical applications in the field of plant-based biocontrol, thereby underscoring the relevance and efficacy of green-based approaches in contemporary agricultural practices. There is an increasing scientific interest in sustainable crop protection strategies and the potential of plant-based biocontrol agents in addressing biotic stresses in crops. Overall, this review contributes to the understanding of plant-based biocontrol for crop protection, providing a foundation for further research and application in sustainable agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":12052,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Plant Pathology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using in silico analysis to investigate the false positive potential of qPCR systems for potato disease diagnosis","authors":"Junye Jiang, Will Feindel, Michael Harding, David Feindel, Stacey Bajema, Jie Feng","doi":"10.1007/s10658-024-02928-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02928-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) is one of the most important crops facing threats from different diseases. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is essential to control disease development and spread. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) has been widely used in potato disease diagnosis. In this study, we evaluated the specificity of 19 probe-based and four SYBR Green-based qPCR protocols for 17 potato diseases using <i>in silico</i> analysis. Primers and probes of those protocols were subjected to BLASTn analysis against the nucleotide collection (nr/nt) database and the whole-genome shotgun contigs (wgs) database of NCBI for the presence of primer/probe sequences in non-target species. Results showed that 12 of 23 qPCR protocols were not specific to the target pathogens. A qPCR experiment indicated that even nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are present on the sequences of the primer/probe binding sites between the potato silver scurf pathogen <i>Helminthosporium solani</i> and its close-related species <i>H. velutinum</i>, the primers/probe specific to the former could amplify signals from the latter. These findings highlight the need for additional methods to enhance the diagnostic accuracy and new sequencing technologies such as next generation sequencing could provide useful information to develop specific diagnostic protocols for these pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12052,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Plant Pathology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudoplagiostoma perseae sp. nov. causes leaf spot disease on avocado leaves in Taiwan","authors":"Chao-Jung Wu, Jin-Liang Chen, Shean-Shong Tzean, Hui-Fang Ni","doi":"10.1007/s10658-024-02921-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02921-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Leaf spot disease is commonly found on leaves of avocado plants in avocado orchards in Taiwan. Needle-like spots with yellow halos appear on diseased avocado leaves at the incipient stage, and these spots gradually enlarge and become brown lesions with black-brown centers. The causal agent of this disease is unknown. A <i>Pseudoplagiostoma</i> species was isolated from these leaf spots. Evaluation of morphological traits and phylogenetic analysis using the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer operon, β-tubulin, and partial large subunit of ribosomal DNA markers identified this fungal species as a novel species, <i>Pseudoplagiostoma perseae</i> sp. nov. A pathogenicity test was conducted on three avocado cultivars, ‘Choquette’, ‘Hall’, and ‘Hung Shin Yuan’. After 2 weeks of inoculation, needle-like leaf spots appeared on all three cultivars, and <i>P. perseae</i> was re-isolated from the spots of all inoculated leaves, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. This is the first report describing the novel species <i>P. perseae</i>, which was validated as the causal agent of avocado leaf spot disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12052,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Plant Pathology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cover crops on the suppressiveness of root rot and on the agronomic performance of cassava","authors":"Maria Cristiane Pereira Sousa, Maria Selma Alves Silva Diamantino, Camila Santiago Hohenfeld, Cristiana Bomfim Moreira Vidal, Saulo Alves Santos de Oliveira","doi":"10.1007/s10658-024-02925-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02925-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cassava (<i>Manihot esculenta</i> Crantz) is a major staple food in many developing countries, including Brazil. However, it faces significant challenges due to diseases such as dry root rot (DRR) and black root rot (BRR) caused by soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi. This study explored the use of cover crops to suppress these diseases and to improve the agronomic traits of cassava. Over four cultivation cycles, various cover crops (sunn hemp, black oat, jack bean, maize, peanut and cowpea) were alternated with cassava varieties 'BRS Kiriris' (resistant) and 'BRS Formosa' (susceptible) in soil infested with DRR (<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, <i>F. equiseti</i>, <i>F. verticillioides</i>, <i>F. solani</i>, <i>F. lateritium, F. chlamydosporum)</i> and BRR (<i>Lasiodiplodia theobramae</i><i>, </i><i>Neoscytalidium dimidiatum)</i> pathogens. In the 2nd cycle, only germination showed significant differences, but by the 4th cycle, various agronomic parameters, including fresh weight (FW.AP), dry weight (DW.AP) of the aerial part, fresh weight (FW.Root), dry weight (DW.Root) of the roots, and plant vigor. Cowpea was identified as the most effective cover crop for reducing the disease index (DI %) by promoting healthier and taller cassava plants. Jack beans and peanuts also had positive effects on vigor, FW.AP, DW.AP, FW.root, and DW.root. In contrast, maize, black oats, <i>Crotalaria ochroleuca</i>, cassava, and fallow soils had minimal impacts. Throughout these cycles, the selected cover crops consistently contributed to disease reduction and improved the agronomic performance of the cassava. This study highlights the potential of holistic disease management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12052,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Plant Pathology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudomonas syringae pv. coronafaciens, causing a new bacterial halo blight disease on oat (Avena sativa L.) in China","authors":"Jianjun Wang, Ruochen Zhang, Hongshan Deng, Xueqin Han, Xuekai Wei, Malik Kamran, James F. White, Guiqin Zhao, Chunjie Li","doi":"10.1007/s10658-024-02920-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02920-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>coronafaciens</i> (<i>Ps-c</i>) is a pathogenic bacterium species that can be found in agricultural environments and causes diseases in plants. During a survey in 2019–2020 of different areas, bacterial halo blight (BHB) caused by <i>Ps-c</i> in oat (<i>Avena sativa</i> L.) was observed in many oat fields in Huan county, Gansu Province of China. Average leaf disease incidence was approximately 1 to 14%. The symptoms of BHB were mainly observed on leaves of oat and appeared as white to yellow streaks. After 20–30 d, the streaks became yellow necrotic lesions and spread over whole leaves, eventually causing leaves to wilt and senesce. Symptomatic leaves of affected oats were collected to investigate the etiology of BHB disease. A group of 32 bacterial isolates (HK7) phenotypically similar were isolated from the necrotic lesion margins. Pathogenicity tests of this group of isolates by wounding and injection demonstrated that the symptoms induced by them on oat were similar to those observed in the field. HK7 isolates were identified as <i>Ps-c</i> based on Biolog Gen III MicroStation, morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization, 16S rRNA and <i>gyr</i>B gene sequence analysis, which compared with a reference strain (<i>Ps-c</i> ATCC 19608). Furthermore, <i>Ps-c</i> was host specific. After inoculation of <i>Ps-c</i> on <i>A. sativa</i> (B7) and <i>A. nuda</i> (B2) in greenhouse by Completely Randomized Design (CRD), number of tillers, plant height, flag-leaf length, flag-leaf width, fresh weight, dry weight, panicle length, grains per spike, reproductive branche number and thousand grains weight of infected oat decreased by 19.44%, 11.49%, 11.34%, 9.23%, 11.61%, 7.57%, 6.11%, 9.73%, 9.31% and 4.15% compared with that of healthy oat, respectively. BHB (<i>Ps-c</i>) is a new bacterial disease on oat in China and has a negative effect on plant growth, forage and grain yield of oat, and these negative effects increased with the increase of disease severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12052,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Plant Pathology","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization, pathogenicity and fungicide response of Exserohilum rostratum causing leaf spot on rice in Thailand","authors":"Yatavee Boonkorn, Veeranee Tongsri, Onuma Piasai, Pattavipha Songkumarn","doi":"10.1007/s10658-024-02918-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02918-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Exserohilum rostratum</i> has been recorded as an emerging pathogen causing rice leaf spot in many countries, and it is also implicated as one of the factors contributing to rice seed discoloration, which affects grain quality. However, there is currently insufficient understanding of the biological aspects of foliar symptoms and pathogen development during the interaction between rice and <i>E. rostratum</i>, particularly under varying temperatures. Additionally, there is limited information available regarding the sensitivity of <i>E. rostratum</i> to fungicidal treatment. Therefore, this study aims to address these gaps and gain insights into these areas. Herein, 29 selected fungal isolates recovered from rice leaves with tiny-spot symptoms from different paddies in Thailand were morphologically and molecularly characterized (based on the sequences of three loci: rDNA-ITS, Tef1a, and GAPDH), which subsequently were identified as <i>E. rostratum</i>. The investigation of symptom development on rice leaves after artificial infection with these isolates under greenhouse conditions (temperature range between 30–35 °C) and high humidity (&gt; 80% RH) conditions revealed that the fungal isolates developed reddish-brown, irregular ellipsoidal spots, along with merging lesions resulting in chlorosis and necrotic tissue. Tiny black spots were observed under growth room conditions of 27 °C and &gt; 80% RH. Experiments conducted on detached rice leaves infected under controlled conditions, with the only variable being temperature variation (33 °C and 27 °C) at constant RH, demonstrated that leaves treated at 33 °C exhibited greater symptom progression compared to those treated at 27 °C. This suggests that temperature influences the expression of symptoms related to rice leaf spot. Additionally, histopathological examination of rice leaf sheaths infected with <i>E. rostratum</i> confirmed the parasitic lifestyle of the fungus and could aid in tracking the pathogen development during exposure to different temperatures. Inhibition assays using flusilazole, azoxystrobin, tricyclazole, and mancozeb against <i>E. rostratum</i> mycelial growth showed that flusilazole had the strongest inhibition effect against all the isolates tested. Overall, our study contributes to a better understanding of the biological responses during <i>E. rostratum</i> infection in rice, particularly during distinct temperature exposure, as well as the response to fungicides of this pathogen, providing insights for future research and management practices in combating <i>E. rostratum</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12052,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Plant Pathology","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141742644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternaria solani IA300 induces growth and development in two common bean cultivars","authors":"Mayra Denise Herrera, Silvia Salas-Muñoz, Luis Roberto Reveles-Torres, Jorge Armando Mauricio-Castillo, Fátima Berenice Salazar-Badillo","doi":"10.1007/s10658-024-02909-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02909-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study of plant–rhizosphere microorganism associations has become an important knowledge resource for sustainable agriculture. However, little has been achieved in the replacement of synthetic fertilization because most of these studies have been carried out under controlled conditions and not in experimental fields. In this study, we evaluated the effect of inoculating plants of two common bean cultivars at the vegetative and reproductive stages of the crop cycle with <i>Alternaria solani</i> native strain IA300 under field conditions. Results showed that <i>A. solani</i> is capable of increasing the production of common bean cultivars, reflected over different vegetative and reproductive response variables: leaf area, plant length (cm), fresh weight (g), dry weight (g), number of leaves, flowers, seedpods, and seed yield. The findings showed that <i>Alternaria solani</i> native strain IA300 may be considered a growth-promoting microorganism under field conditions. The effects on leaf area after inoculating bean plants with <i>Alternaria</i> were cultivar-dependent.</p>","PeriodicalId":12052,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Plant Pathology","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141742509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the influence of rapeseed cultivar and pathogen isolate on Acremonium alternatum's efficacy in clubroot disease control","authors":"Susann Auer, Nazanin Zamani-Noor, Yamen Mahfoud, Jutta Ludwig-Müller","doi":"10.1007/s10658-024-02916-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02916-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Clubroot disease, caused by <i>Plasmodiophora brassicae</i>, ranks among the most significant diseases affecting rapeseed cultivars, leading to substantial annual yield losses. Current control methods are limited to a small selection of chemical or biological treatments. Using biocontrol organisms presents a promising strategy for reducing disease severity and promoting plant vigour. However, their efficacy is strongly dependent on biotic and abiotic factors during the growing season, as well as the specific application conditions. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of the biocontrol fungus <i>Acremonium alternatum</i> in reducing clubroot disease symptoms across different susceptible and resistant rapeseed cultivars (<i>Brassica napus</i>) under various experimental greenhouse settings employing different types of <i>P. brassicae</i> inoculum: a uniform single spore isolate e3 and two German field isolates P1 and P1 ( +). We found that <i>A. alternatum</i> can reduce clubroot disease symptoms in susceptible rapeseed cultivars Visby, Ability and Jenifer, but not cv. Jumbo, when inoculated with the aggressive single spore isolate <i>P. brassicae</i> e3 at moderate (10⁶ spores mL⁻¹) and high (10⁷ spores mL⁻¹) densities. <i>A. alternatum</i> enhanced plant vitality and shoot biomass in cv. Visby inoculated with field isolates P1 or P1 ( +) but did not considerably reduce clubroot severity there. The clubroot-resistant cv. Mentor displayed a reduction in clubroot symptoms after <i>A.</i> <i>alternatum</i> treatment. In conclusion, <i>A. alternatum</i> holds some promise in managing moderate <i>P.</i> <i>brassicae</i> levels in the soil and could serve as an option in integrated pest management of clubroot disease when combined with resistant cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":12052,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Plant Pathology","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141613922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replicase gene mediated RNA silencing mechanism confers resistance against groundnut bud necrosis virus in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)","authors":"Karthikeyan Gandhi, Suganyadevi Murugesan, Rajamanickam Suppaiah","doi":"10.1007/s10658-024-02908-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02908-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV), a member of the genus <i>Orthotospovirus</i>, is the most devastating pathogen causing bud blight of tomato and causes substantial crop losses in India. Current management strategies rely upon the use of virus tolerant cultivars, control of insect vectors, and other cultural practices. Under field conditions, these methods are ineffective in reducing the disease. Control can be achieved with RNA silencing, which regulates the homologous specific degradation of targeted genes, resulting in reduced virus multiplication. In the present study, virus infected tomato plant samples were collected from different parts of Tamil Nadu, and infection was confirmed through DAC-ELISA using a polyclonal antibody specific to GBNV. The virus inoculum was propagated on the local lesion host, cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i>), resulting in the production of chlorotic and necrotic spots on inoculated primary leaves. Our results demonstrated that the complete nucleotide sequence of the replicase gene identified using PCR shared an identity of 94.7 to 97.7% with other isolates of GBNV. To investigate the virus suppression mechanism, an effective RNAi construct was developed with the conserved sequence of the replicase gene for GBNV. A 3674 bp hpRNA cassette, comprising the sense and antisense fragments of 357 bp along with the flanking sequence, inserted in a pHANNIBAL vector, generated transgenic tomato plants using shoot apical meristem explants through <i>Agrobacterium</i> harboring the gene construct. The presence of the transgene in the developed putative transformants was assessed by PCR analysis using <i>nptII</i> and <i>Rep</i> genes and dot blot hybridization using a DIG luminescent detection kit. The expression of the replicase hpRNA construct revealed reduced symptom development upon artificial inoculation of GBNV. Further analysis of the transgenic tomato plants using DAC-ELISA confirmed the reduced level of virus titer. We propose that the RNAi construct, established with a conserved sequence of the replicase gene, showed a gene silencing mechanism as evidenced by reduced virus accumulation in putative transgenic lines, and this could be used as an effective strategy in the management of GNBV in tomato.</p>","PeriodicalId":12052,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Plant Pathology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141587977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}