European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports最新文献

{"title":"Chromone hybrids as interleukin-6 and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Design, docking, synthesis and evaluation","authors":"Shivam Mishra,&nbsp;Sukhvir Kaur,&nbsp;Gulshan Bansal,&nbsp;Yogita Bansal","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is largely influenced by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Therefore, concurrent suppression of these two targets is a rational approach for the development of anti-AD molecules. The study is aimed to design a molecule with pharmacophore capable of inhibiting both the targets. Four series are designed by coupling a chromone moiety (a pharmacophore that inhibits IL-6) with a N,N-disubstituted amine (that inhibits AChE) through a linker (1–4 carbon chain). The <em>in silico</em> studies on the designed compounds led to the identification of 16 best-fit compounds having good oral bioavailability and blood brain barrier permeability. All 16 compounds were synthesized and evaluated for anti-AChE activity. Six compounds showing &gt;45 % inhibition of AChE at 1 μM concentration are further evaluated for BuChE (butyrylcholinesterase) and IL-6 inhibitory activities. Compound YS3g is the most potent inhibitor of <em>Ee</em>AChE (IC₅₀ = 0.45 μM) and of IL-6 (IC₅₀ = 0.46 μM). Subsequently, it is found to show dose-dependent effects in STZ (streptozotocin)-induced memory deficit model at three doses (0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg). At higher dose (0.8 mg/kg), it reverses the deficit as also supported by histopathological studies. The findings reveal that a chromone nucleus coupled with a piperazine via a three-carbon linker may be a useful template for developing novel moieties against AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12015,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772417424000529/pdfft?md5=aba3c43ff2e3c43ceeb763d9dc7b1dcb&pid=1-s2.0-S2772417424000529-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141484485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the antimicrobial potential of novel 2-oxo-2-H-chromene conjugates with guanine, thiazole, and imidazole: Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation","authors":"Suman Lata ,&nbsp;Ramandeep Kaur ,&nbsp;Gurinder Singh ,&nbsp;Divya Dhawal Bhandari ,&nbsp;Vikrant Abbot","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Five derived forms of 2-oxo-2-H-chromene clubbed guanine, thiazole and imidazoline derivatives <strong>10 (i</strong>–<strong>v)</strong>, <strong>11 (i</strong>–<strong>v)</strong>, and <strong>12 (i</strong>–<strong>v)</strong> were synthesized, characterized, and biologically tested for <em>in vitro</em> antimicrobial activity against two types of bacteria <em>viz. Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MTCC 87) and <em>Escherichia coli</em> (MTCC 40). The synthesized compounds demonstrated mild to moderate antibacterial activity against <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> at all concentrations (100 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml, and 500 μg/ml) in comparison to standard drug ciprofloxacin. It was observed that the compounds 10i, 10v, 11i, 11v, 12i, 12ii, 12iv and 12v have noticeable activity at higher dose in comparison to standard drug. Zone of inhibition values indicated higher antimicrobial activity at 500 μg/ml against <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> in case of imidazoline and thiazole clubbed coumarin derivatives in comparison to guanine derivatives. The guanine derivatives have been found to be potent at lower dose (100 μg/ml) in comparison to thiazole and imidazoline derivatives having negligible activity at 100 μg/ml. This suggests a differential efficacy profile among the synthesized compounds, with guanine derivatives showing promising activity at lower doses while thiazole and imidazole derivatives manifesting increased potency at higher concentrations. These findings underscore the potential of these novel compounds as antimicrobial agents, warranting further investigation into their mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12015,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772417424000517/pdfft?md5=43f0f30d1d18ecc5e91b40de80f1d7fc&pid=1-s2.0-S2772417424000517-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141423974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the medicinal significance of l-Arginine mediated nitric oxide in preventing health disorders","authors":"Mega Obukohwo Oyovwi ,&nbsp;Adedeji David Atere","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>l</span>-Arginine is an essential amino acid that plays a crucial role in various physiological processes. It serves as a precursor for nitric oxide (NO), which has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review aims to comprehensively examine the medicinal importance of <span>l</span>-arginine as a natural antioxidant in preventing human health disorders. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and other databases. Studies investigating the antioxidant effects of <span>l</span>-arginine and its potential role in preventing various diseases were included. <span>l</span>-Arginine has been shown to mediate NO production with strong antioxidant properties, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. It has demonstrated therapeutic potential in preventing and mitigating various health conditions, including: Cardiovascular diseases, Neurodegenerative diseases, Metabolic disorders, Immune function and Anti-aging effects. <span>l</span>-Arginine is a potent natural antioxidant with significant medicinal importance. Its ability to scavenge free radicals, improve endothelial function, and support immune function makes it a promising therapeutic agent for preventing and treating a wide range of human health disorders. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action and optimal dosage for specific conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12015,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772417424000475/pdfft?md5=c0b2d13d2ad9bff021457166d317b75f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772417424000475-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanohybrid cerasomes: Advancements in targeted drug and gene delivery","authors":"Kalyani Pathak ,&nbsp;Mohammad Zaki Ahmad ,&nbsp;Riya Saikia ,&nbsp;Partha Protim Borthakur ,&nbsp;Pallab Pramanik ,&nbsp;Md Ariful Islam ,&nbsp;Aparoop Das ,&nbsp;Basel A. Abdel-Wahab ,&nbsp;Dibyajyoti Das ,&nbsp;Saptasikha Gogoi","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanohybrid cerasomes represent a significant advancement in the field of drug delivery systems, offering a superior alternative to traditional cerasomes and liposomes. Cerasomes are biocompatible colloidal nanoparticles characterized by an additional polyorganosiloxane network layer that enhances their stability compared to conventional liposomes. The novel hybrid liposomal cerasome, featuring a partial ceramic or silica coating, has garnered substantial interest due to its unique structure. This structure provides better morphological stability than traditional liposomes and, in comparison to silica nanoparticles, significantly reduces overall stiffness and density. By incorporating liposomal architecture, cerasomes achieve greater biocompatibility than silica nanoparticles. This unique combination leverages the benefits of both liposomes and silica nanoparticles while mitigating their respective drawbacks, positioning cerasomes as an optimal drug delivery system. Nanohybrid cerasomes offer extended circulation residence time, enabling more efficient drug delivery to disease sites and facilitating the targeting of specific disease cells. Their potential as intracellular delivery vehicles for proteins, peptides, antisense compounds, ribozymes, and DNA is particularly noteworthy. The presence of a liposomal bilayer structure in cerasomes reduces rigidity and density, enhancing their stability and effectiveness as drug and gene delivery vehicles. This article reviews the techniques for preparing cerasomes and explores their applications in targeted drug and gene delivery systems, highlighting their advantages over conventional liposomes and silica nanoparticles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12015,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772417424000505/pdfft?md5=852ad277ccffe286064af8d1d12f3201&pid=1-s2.0-S2772417424000505-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arylsulfonamido-alkyl-sulfamates act as inhibitors of bovine carbonic anhydrase II","authors":"Toni C. Denner,&nbsp;Niels V. Heise,&nbsp;René Csuk","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A small library of arylsulfonamido-alkyl sulfamates was prepared by a two-step synthesis from readily available starting materials. The compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit bovine carbonic anhydrase II. Several of them were found as good competitive inhibitors holding K_i values as low as K_i = 0.9 μM (compound <strong>47b</strong>). The activity was influenced by the substitution pattern of the arylsulfonamide moiety as well as the length of the spacer to the distal sulfamate group. Molecular docking studies were used to substantiate these findings. For the aryl-substituted analogues, the increase in inhibitory activity for compounds with a shorter spacer can be explained by stabilization via aromatic π-interactions. For the cyclopropyl or methylsulfonyl substituted analogues, their inhibitory activity can be attributed to their reduced steric hindrance. These results provide a basis for designing effective CA II inhibitors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12015,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772417424000499/pdfft?md5=30208c1ef5d38d1655abc55a5744ca14&pid=1-s2.0-S2772417424000499-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141314173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ivermectin and its synthetic derivatives – A new class of anticancer agents","authors":"Michał Sulik ,&nbsp;Dagmara Otto-Ślusarczyk ,&nbsp;Michał Antoszczak ,&nbsp;Marta Struga ,&nbsp;Adam Huczyński","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ivermectin (<strong>IVR</strong>) is a 16-membered macrocyclic lactone of Nobel prize-honored distinction, showing a broad spectrum of biological activity, especially antiparasitic. We have recently designed a practical and scalable procedure for the synthesis of <strong>IVR</strong> derivatives with a rearranged oxahydrindene (hexahydrobenzofuran) ring that revealed improved antiparasitic activity compared to that of the native structure. Of note, the compounds that show activity towards parasites, very often are active against cancer cells and <em>vice versa</em>. However, the anticancer potential of <strong>IVR</strong> has not been studied intensively as yet, and there have been no reports on the effects of its synthetic derivatives against cancer cells. Thus, in the study reported, we thoroughly investigated the anticancer activity of <strong>IVR</strong> and its derivatives against a panel of four human cancer cell lines. We have identified a number of <strong>IVR</strong> derivatives with improved cytotoxicity and/or cancer cell-targeting selectivity compared to those of reference compounds. Cell cycle analysis has proved that selected compounds increased the number of cancer cells in the subG1 and G0/G1 phases (PC3, MDA-MB-231 and A549) or S/G2/M phase (HCT-116). The strong proapoptotic effect observed for the most promising <strong>IVR</strong> derivatives has been associated with a significant increase in caspase-3/7 activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Finally, these derivatives also showed significant inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine secretion in cancer cells used. Our results indicate that chemical modification of <strong>IVR</strong> can lead to synthetic products with enhanced anticancer activity, which may provide an excellent starting point for further development of new <strong>IVR</strong>-derived agents for the treatment against cancer cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12015,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772417424000487/pdfft?md5=c465e83debae01a8751c0aae1b23c03a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772417424000487-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of natural alkaloid emetine against emerging COVID-19 and future viral pandemics","authors":"Biswanath Dinda ,&nbsp;Subhajit Dinda ,&nbsp;Manikarna Dinda ,&nbsp;Indrajit Sil Sarma ,&nbsp;Santanu Majumdar ,&nbsp;Shekhar Saha","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic caused by the infection of SARS-CoV-2, has become a global crisis, threatening public health and disrupting global economy. Until now, effective therapeutics against COVID-19 and other coronavirus diseases are in high demand. Several antiviral strategies of drug discovery have identified many small molecules with potent <em>anti</em>-COVID-19 activity. Emetine, one of the main alkaloids of <em>Carapichea ipecacuanha</em>, has been found to exhibit potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, and other human coronaviruses, multiple RNA and DNA viruses at low nanomolar concentrations in different cell lines. <em>In silico</em> analysis reveals that emetine directly disrupts the activities of SARS-CoV-2 S-protein with host ACE2, and of RdRp-, 3CL-, PL-,and N- proteins. Moreover, emetine shows potent anti-inflammatory and anti-pulmonary arterial hypertensive properties by down-regulating the p38, ERK1/2, NF-κB and RhoA/Rho-kinase/CyPA/Bsg signaling pathways. At low doses, emetine is effective for treatment of COVID-19 patients and other viral infections in rodents. This review discusses the current findings on the antiviral efficacy of emetine against the emerging SARS-CoV-2 and other corona, RNA and DNA viruses, as well as its immunoregulatory pathways and clinical potential in COVID-19 infection for its development as antiviral prodrugs to treat current COVID-19 and future viral pandemics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12015,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772417424000451/pdfft?md5=26a1fa84f3d80ecdbe2febe98edaa0a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2772417424000451-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141291004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan nanocarriers: Pioneering encapsulation and targeted delivery of 5-fluorouracil - A comprehensive review","authors":"Mariyeh Rajaei ,&nbsp;Hamid Rashedi ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Yazdian ,&nbsp;Mehrab Pourmadadi ,&nbsp;Abbas Rahdar ,&nbsp;Sadanand Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>5-Fluorouracil (5FU) is a common chemotherapy drug for various cancers. It has exhibited large potentials for the treatment of both malignant and premalignant tumors. In the meantime, topical application of 5FU has been limited to surface pre-carcinogenic tumors. So far, a number of nano systems have been developed for encapsulation and targeted delivery of 5FU to improve its solubility, bioavailability, and functional characteristics, leading to the development of, for example, 5FU carriers in topical treatments. Due to their considerable advantages over ordinary therapies, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems (DDSs), particularly polymeric nanocarriers (PNCs), have led to some sorts of evolution in many fields, including disease diagnosis and DDS. As a naturally occurring polymer, chitosan (CS) has long been regarded because of its biodegradability, biocompatibility, polycationic nature, non-toxicity, and non-allergenic nature. In addition, the pH-responsive nature of CS provides an exact drug dispersion in the cancer environment, converting it a promising carrier system. Utilization of 5-FU into carbon nanocarriers has indicated positive results such as targeted delivery to tumors and prevention of cancer activity. Researchers have successfully synthesized a handful of CS nanocarriers with distinctive characteristics for targeted delivery of 5FU; these come in different forms, including nano-sized particles (NPs), composites (NCs), emulsions (NEs), and fibers (NFs). This study reviews the mechanism of CS in different formulations by analyzing the physicochemical characteristics of the corresponding DDS in terms of morphology, surface charge, release profile, and encapsulation driving force. A more detailed analysis was performed on the most popular pharmaceutical applications of 5FU-loaded CS NPs. Effective facilitation of targeted delivery of 5FU and improvement of its therapeutic effects for various cancers by the CS were also indicated. Herein, the readers are introduced to nanoscale systems based on natural polymers like chitosan as promising platforms for cancer diagnosis and therapy. More recent discoveries on mechanistic anticancer behavior of 5FU-loaded CS NPs was further discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12015,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277241742400044X/pdfft?md5=d21a89eb5ba26635f02c0456f9397ed5&pid=1-s2.0-S277241742400044X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141097712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melphalan delivery and co-delivery nanoformulations for cancer therapy: A comprehensive review","authors":"Hamidreza Abdouss ,&nbsp;Arezoo Gholami ,&nbsp;Mehrab Pourmadadi ,&nbsp;Payam Zahedi ,&nbsp;Majid Abdouss ,&nbsp;Abbas Rahdar ,&nbsp;Sadanand Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Regardless of the area or the socio-economic status, cancer is currently the second or third prevalent cause of mortality ahead of stroke and coronary heart disease. Melphalan anticancer medication is the phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard and has been demonstrated to successfully treat various types of cancers by suppressing the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. Moreover, melphalan has been shown to exhibit synergetic effects in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tumors. However, its clinical application is restricted since it comes with severe adverse effects and significant drawbacks, such as non-target selectivity and short plasma half-life. To circumvent these constraints, various nanotechnological delivery platforms have been designed in recent years with the goal of improving melphalan delivery to tumor sites and regulating the EPR effect. This review article provides an overview of melphalan-based drug delivery systems (DDS), which include polymeric, lipid-based, and inorganic nanoformulations. The principal objective of this paper is to discuss the latest progress of the developed melphalan delivery systems and compare their essential factors such as particle size, size distribution, release profile, zeta potential, encapsulation and loading efficiency, and <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> assessments. Additionally, different platforms for the co-delivery of melphalan with other drugs have been reviewed, which provide promising future possibilities for cancer treatment. The information summarized in this context will contribute to developing a more practical approach for the future of cancer treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12015,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772417424000438/pdfft?md5=775cd21a0f5679d15226d10f2d3f2c18&pid=1-s2.0-S2772417424000438-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141139264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti inflammatory properties and safety of green synthesized metal and metal oxide nanoparticles: A review article","authors":"Ream Nayal ,&nbsp;Diana Mejjo ,&nbsp;Mohammad Yaser Abajy","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejmcr.2024.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>NSAIDs, glucocorticoids, aminosalicylates, and immunosuppressants are nowadays the most commonly used anti-inflammatory medicines, although they have cosiderable side effects. Nanoparticles (NPs), notably metallic NPs, have gained appeal in the development of safer anti-inflammatory drugs. Because conventional NP synthesis methods are limited by environmentally unfriendly chemicals and high energy consumption, alternative green synthesis of metallic and metal oxide NPs, including plant-mediated synthesis, has piqued the interest of researchers due to phytochemicals that can reduce metal precursors and stabilize the generated NPs. This method is an eco-friendly, non-toxic, and cost-effective. This review aimed to highlight studies concerningthe anti-inflammatory activity of different plant-mediated green synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles with anti-inflammatory properties covering papers since 2017. According to the findings, the majority of the NPs tested were AgNPs. Noticeably, few investigations were conducted to assess the stability and safety of these NPs. Remarkably, someNPs exert more anti-inflammatory activity than plant extract itself and the standard. Some anti-inflammatory tests were limited to <em>in vitro</em> testing. Obviously, there is a lack of information regarding the safety issues of these NPs and the determination of their active doses. Thus, further <em>invitro</em> and <em>invivo</em> pharmacological and toxicological studiesare required for these metal and metal oxide NPs to identify medicinal uses and avoid unintended adverse consequences. It is also urgent to test the stability of these NPs in various dosage forms after determining the optimal active dose.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12015,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772417424000414/pdfft?md5=70dae9d561019ebcd4298d2ccc3246c9&pid=1-s2.0-S2772417424000414-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141043829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}