{"title":"Lymph node metastasis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: the present and prospect of detection and dissection.","authors":"Ruoyu Zhang, Yunfei Tan, Mei Liu, Liming Wang","doi":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002856","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) ranks as the second most primary liver cancer that often goes unnoticed with a high mortality rate. Hepatectomy is the main treatment for ICC, but only 15% of patients are suitable for surgery. Despite advancements in therapeutic approaches, ICC has an unfavorable prognosis, largely due to lymph node metastasis (LNM) that is closely linked to the elevated recurrence rates. Consequently, the identification of precise and suitable techniques for the detection and staging of LNM assumes paramount importance for ICC therapy. While preoperative imaging plays a crucial role in ICC diagnosis, its efficacy in accurately diagnosing LNM remains unsatisfactory. The inclusion of lymph node dissection as part of the hepatectomy procedures is significant for the accurate pathological diagnosis of LNM, although it continues to be a topic of debate. The concept of sentinel lymph node in ICC has presented a novel and potentially valuable approach for diagnosing LNM. This review aims to explore the current state and prospects of LNM in ICC, offering a promising avenue for enhancing the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ICC to improve patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11999,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cumali Kus, Selen Acehan, Salim Satar, Muge Gulen, Sarper Sevdimbas, Ali İlker Akdoganlar, Mehmet Gorur
{"title":"Optic nerve sheath diameters predict mortality and severity in hepatic encephalopathy.","authors":"Cumali Kus, Selen Acehan, Salim Satar, Muge Gulen, Sarper Sevdimbas, Ali İlker Akdoganlar, Mehmet Gorur","doi":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002858","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the predictive power of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measured by brain computed tomography (CT) in patients diagnosed with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in the emergency department, with other factors for mortality and disease severity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 217 patients aged 18 years and older with acute decompensation of cirrhosis diagnosed with HE in the emergency department were included in the study. To compare with patients diagnosed with HE, a total of 217 individuals were included in the study as the healthy control group. ONSD measurements were performed on both the HE patients and the healthy control group in the brain CT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mortality rate of HE patients was 32.7%. Regarding the severity of the disease, 53% of the patients had late-stage HE. The presence of acute-on-chronic liver failure was detected in 51.4% of patients. The mortality rate among acute-on-chronic liver failure patients was 56.6%. According to the study data, ONSD, creatinine, lactate, and procalcitonin were independent predictors of mortality. Meanwhile, Child-Pugh score, direct bilirubin, ONSD, ammonia, and total bilirubin were independent predictors of disease severity. In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the ONSD had the highest predictive power for mortality and disease severity among the determined predictive values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data from the study suggests that assessing the ONSD through brain CT scans in individuals diagnosed with HE in the emergency department may provide valuable insights for clinicians, aiding in the prediction of both mortality rates and the severity of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":11999,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ping Geng, Yuting Heng, Xian Wang, Heqin Zhan, Qianqian Fang, Li Tao, Jun Liu, Xiangpeng Hu
{"title":"Exploring the clinicopathological characteristics of submucosal tumor-like esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and the diagnostic significance of endoscopic ultrasound: a comprehensive analysis.","authors":"Ping Geng, Yuting Heng, Xian Wang, Heqin Zhan, Qianqian Fang, Li Tao, Jun Liu, Xiangpeng Hu","doi":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0000000000002838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Completely intramural growth submucosal squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, also known as SMT-like esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), represents a rare and distinct form of esophageal cancer. Its white light endoscopic manifestations resemble those of esophageal subepithelial lesions, and biopsy pathology is often negative, leading to potential oversight or misdiagnosis. This study aimed to comprehensively summarize the clinicopathological and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) characteristics of patients with SMT-like ESCC while also evaluating the immunohistochemical expression of these patient.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study collected clinical data, including demographic and clinicopathological data, as well as EUS findings, from six patients with SMT-like ESCC. Immunohistochemical analysis was also conducted on tumor tissues to assess the expression of CK7, CK19, CK20, TTF-1, SMA, S-100, Melan-A, CD117, Mucin (MUC) 2, and MUC5.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In EUS, SMT-like ESCC is characterized by nonuniform hypoechoic lesions with indistinct borders, often exhibiting a burr or serrated appearance. Most of these lesions involved multiple levels. Cytological specimens obtained through EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) revealed suspected squamous cell carcinoma with positive expression of CK5/6, P40, and P63, further confirming the diagnosis of ESCC. Additionally, four patients exhibited CK7+/CK20- immune-expression profiles, and all patients had positive CK19 expression. TTF-1, SMA, S-100, Melan-A, CD117, MUC2, and MUC5 were negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining EUS with EUS-FNA is a valuable approach for diagnosing and differentiating SMT-like ESCC. Furthermore, the characteristic CK7+/CK20- immune profile suggested a potential origin from the esophageal submucosa glands.</p>","PeriodicalId":11999,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predictive value of early-stage postoperative albumin-bilirubin grade on the overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing resection.","authors":"Zheng Pan, Yan-Shuo Ye, Zhan-Peng Wang, Wei Li","doi":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002866","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) and ΔALBI grades have attracted substantial attention for their ability to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the ALBI grade at different time points for the OS of patients with HCC who underwent surgical resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical data of patients with HCC who underwent radical resection in our hospital were collected and analyzed. The survival rate was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. The risk factors influencing OS were identified via univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 104 patients with HCC were included in this study. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates of these patients were 91.3%, 64.0%, and 60.2%, respectively. The OS rates were significantly higher in patients with early-stage postoperative ALBI grade 2 than in those with grade 3 (P < 0.001); however, the preoperative ALBI grade, later-stage postoperative ALBI grade, ΔALBI grade (early stage), or ΔALBI grade (later stage) did not affect the OS rate. Furthermore, resection of ≥3 Couinaud liver segments [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.74; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.32-9.67; P < 0.001], occurrence of postoperative complications (HR = 2.95; 95% CI, 1.38-6.31; P = 0.005), and early-stage postoperative ALBI grade 3 (HR = 2.50; 95% CI, 1.18-5.31; P = 0.02) were identified as independent risk factors for the OS of patients with HCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early-stage postoperative ALBI grade can be used to predict the OS of patients with HCC who have undergone radical hepatectomy. Early-stage postoperative ALBI grade 3, resection of ≥3 Couinaud liver segments, and occurrence of postoperative complications are independent risk factors affecting the OS of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11999,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and colorectal cancer: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Li Yang","doi":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002859","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Observational studies suggest a connection between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. It, however, remains unclear whether such a connection is causal. This study aims to examine the association between NAFLD and CRC using a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Summary statistics for NAFLD were obtained from four genome-wide association studies, including 8434 cases and 770 180 controls. Meanwhile, CRC and controls (1803 vs. 174 006) were collected from the FinnGen. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used primarily, while sensitivity analyses were conducted via the weighted median, MR Egger method, simple mode, and weighted mode to enhance result reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a positive correlation between NAFLD and CRC by IVW method in the forward MR analysis (odds ratio = 1.270, 95% confidence interval: 1.154-1.398, P = 1.092 × 10-6). Inverse MR analysis, however, suggested that CRC may not have a causal effect on NAFLD. Besides, we observed an absence of horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity in this MR analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our forward MR study found that NAFLD may increase CRC risk. In contrast, CRC may not have a causal relationship with NAFLD. This study provides genetic evidence supporting a cause-and-effect association between NAFLD and CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11999,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinfang Du, Fangyi Xu, Xia Qiu, Xi Hu, Liping Deng, Hongjie Hu
{"title":"A novel computed tomography enterography radiomics combining intestinal and creeping fat features could predict surgery risk in patients with Crohn's disease.","authors":"Jinfang Du, Fangyi Xu, Xia Qiu, Xi Hu, Liping Deng, Hongjie Hu","doi":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002839","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to segment creeping fat and intestinal wall on computed tomography enterography (CTE) and develop a radiomic model to predict 1-year surgery risk in patients with Crohn's disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 135 Crohn's disease patients who underwent CTE between January and December 2021 (training cohort) and 69 patients between January and June 2022 (test cohort). A total of 1874 radiomic features were extracted from the intestinal wall and creeping fat respectively on the venous phase CTE images, and radiomic models were constructed based on the selected features using the Boruta and extreme gradient boosting algorithms. The combined models were established by integrating clinical predictors and radiomic models. The receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analyses were used to compare the predictive performance of models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the training and test cohorts, the area under the curve (AUC) values of the creeping fat radiomic model for surgery risk stratification were 0.916 and 0.822, respectively, similar to the intestinal model with AUC values of 0.889 and 0.822. Moreover, the combined radiomic model was superior to the single models, showing good discrimination with the highest AUC values (training cohort: 0.963; test cohort: 0.882). Addition of clinical predictors to the radiomic models failed to significantly improve the diagnostic ability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CTE-based creeping fat radiomic model provided additional information to the intestinal radiomic model, and their combined radiomic model enables accurate surgery risk prediction of Crohn's disease patients within 1 year of CTE.</p>","PeriodicalId":11999,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Primary Cause of Markedly Elevated Aminotransferases in Hospitalized Patients with Cirrhosis in Ischemic Hepatitis: Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0000000000002871","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11999,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fatty liver index as an independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality.","authors":"Ruixin Zhang, Shuhao Ren, Hongfei Mi, Meixia Wang, Tingjuan He, Renyan Zhang, Wei Jiang, Chenghao Su","doi":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002865","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to assess the prognostic value of the fatty liver index (FLI), a noninvasive tool for hepatic steatosis assessment, in predicting all-cause and disease-specific mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We linked data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988-1994) with Public-Use Mortality Files, forming a cohort of 11 297 participants with a median follow-up period of 26.25 years. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between FLI and all-cause mortality, while Fine and Gray's models assessed the relationship between FLI and disease-specific mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The FLI ≥ 60 was independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio = 1.24, P < 0.001), as well as mortality from malignant neoplasms (hazard ratio = 1.18, P = 0.048), diabetes (hazard ratio = 2.62, P = 0.001), and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) (hazard ratio = 1.18, P = 0.018), compared to FLI < 30. No significant associations were found with Alzheimer's disease, influenza and pneumonia, chronic lower respiratory diseases, or renal disorders. Subgroup analyses indicated that individuals who were females aged 40-60 (hazard ratio = 1.67, P = 0.003), non-overweight (hazard ratio = 1.75, P = 0.007), or without abdominal obesity (hazard ratio = 1.75, P = 0.007) exhibited a stronger association between FLI ≥ 60 and all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings support the prognostic value of the FLI for predicting mortality from all causes, malignant neoplasms, diabetes, and CVDs. Targeted attention is needed in postmenopausal women, non-overweight, and non-abdominally obese populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11999,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"String used for oesophageal capsule endoscopy: help or hindrance?","authors":"Mark E McAlindon","doi":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0000000000002837","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11999,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haider Sabhan, Francesca Bello, Samer Muhsen, Alexandra Borin, Fredrik Johansson, Charlotte Höög, Ole Forsberg, Christina Wennerström, Mikael Lördal, Sven Almer, Charlotte Söderman
{"title":"Long-term real-world data of ustekinumab in ulcerative colitis: the Stockholm Ustekinumab Study (STOCUSTE).","authors":"Haider Sabhan, Francesca Bello, Samer Muhsen, Alexandra Borin, Fredrik Johansson, Charlotte Höög, Ole Forsberg, Christina Wennerström, Mikael Lördal, Sven Almer, Charlotte Söderman","doi":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002854","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MEG.0000000000002854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ustekinumab (UST) is an anti-interleukin-12/23 antibody used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. This study includes patients treated at four hospitals in Stockholm to provide long-term real-world data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study including patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and treated with UST between the years 2019 and 2021. Patients were followed until withdrawal of treatment, or until a predefined end of study, 31 July 2021. Disease activity was assessed with Physician Global Assessment (PGA); Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS), laboratory parameters, and drug persistence. The primary outcome was steroid-free remission (PGA = 0) and response (decrease PGA ≥ 1 from baseline) at 3 and 12 months, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 96 patients, 44 women and 52 men were included. The patients had either extensive colitis (69%), left-sided colitis (29%), or proctitis (3%). All but two patients were anti-TNF-experienced; 94 (98%) had failed ≥1, 59 (61%) ≥ 2, and 34 (35%) had failed ≥ 3 anti-TNF drugs. In addition, 28 (29%) had failed vedolizumab. At inclusion, 92/96 patients (96%) had active disease and four patients were in remission. Among patients who were treated with UST, 9/71 (13%) were in steroid-free remission at 3 months, and 26/33 (78%) were at 12 months. Withdrawal rates at 3 and 12 months, were 12 and 26%, respectively, mainly due to persisting disease activity (20%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this group of patients with difficult-to-treat ulcerative colitis, UST was shown to be effective in the majority, with high drug persistence at 12 months in combination with a favorable safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":11999,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}