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Depicting the Past and its Diversity in the Age of Nationalisms: The Armenian Memory Books (houshamadyan) 在民族主义时代描绘过去及其多样性:亚美尼亚记忆书(houshamadyan)
Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.06.30
Vahé Tachjian
{"title":"Depicting the Past and its Diversity in the Age of Nationalisms: The Armenian Memory Books (<i>houshamadyan</i>)","authors":"Vahé Tachjian","doi":"10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.06.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.06.30","url":null,"abstract":"To remember a native village or town, collect written accounts, photos, and maps, and raise funds to publish a book that displayed all of this material, this was the decades-long dream of many who made up the first generation of Armenian exiles. It was in this general environment, starting in the 1920s, that books— houshamadyans—began to appear in succession in various Armenian diasporan communities. This article analyzes the post-genocide ideological environment where most of the houshamadyans were written and published. It examines the contents of this genre of book in detail and shows how the houshamadyans, which in their essence are a depiction of a past life characterized by diversity, adapt themselves to diasporic nationalist environments.","PeriodicalId":119873,"journal":{"name":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Settler Colonial Memorial Book: The Agricultural School and Museum of Sidi-Bel-Abbès, Algeria 定居者殖民纪念书:阿尔及利亚西迪-贝尔-阿布兹农业学校和博物馆
Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.30
Susan Slyomovics
{"title":"A Settler Colonial Memorial Book: The Agricultural School and Museum of Sidi-Bel-Abbès, Algeria","authors":"Susan Slyomovics","doi":"10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.30","url":null,"abstract":"In French colonial Algeria (1830–1962), a European settler community was made from both displacement and the encounter with Indigenous Algerian collectives. After Algeria's independence from France in 1962, this community was remade by a second displacement and the encounter in France with the metropolitan community. Known as Pieds-Noirs, this community has organized associative life, books, and newsletter publications, and sometimes return visits to Algeria. This article looks at Pieds-Noir settler associations devoted to Algeria's colonial agricultural schools, model farms, and nurseries, and how they reconstitute metropole-colony and colony-metropole through memory and a memorial book. This case study of the agricultural school in the town of Sidi-Bel-Abbès, former headquarters of the French Foreign Legion, discusses post-independent Algerian responses to return visits, claims, and writings by settlers.","PeriodicalId":119873,"journal":{"name":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Merchant, a Spy, an Artist, and a Viennese Coffeehouse Owner: Some Notes on an Armenian Sketchbook-Chronicle Preserved in the National Library of Austria 一个商人、一个间谍、一个艺术家和一个维也纳咖啡馆老板:奥地利国家图书馆保存的一本亚美尼亚速写纪事笔记
Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.08.10
Sebouh David Aslanian
{"title":"A Merchant, a Spy, an Artist, and a Viennese Coffeehouse Owner: Some Notes on an Armenian Sketchbook-Chronicle Preserved in the National Library of Austria","authors":"Sebouh David Aslanian","doi":"10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.08.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.08.10","url":null,"abstract":"This essay is a detailed study of a heretofore largely ignored and extraordinary notebook written by an Armenian merchant, tailor, and late-seventeenth-century artist named Gabriel stored at the Austrian National Library (Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek). Part sketchbook with beautiful illuminations of religious and other landmarks and part chronicle, this notebook destabilizes clear-cut distinctions between travel diary, first-person narrative, chronicle, and a work of “nouveau literacy” in Islamicate Eurasia. This essay probes the multilayered contents of Gabriel's notebook and on the basis of an archival reconstruction of the author's microhistory, it places the author at the center of a complex underground spy ring involved in the 1687 Habsburg reconquest of the Ottoman fortified city of Buda in Hungary.","PeriodicalId":119873,"journal":{"name":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Moroccan “Yizkor Book”: Holocaust Memory, Intra-Jewish Marginalization, and Communal Empowerment in Israel 摩洛哥“伊兹克尔书”:大屠杀记忆、犹太人内部边缘化和以色列的社区赋权
Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.08.09
Aviad Moreno, Haim Bitton
{"title":"The Moroccan “Yizkor Book”: Holocaust Memory, Intra-Jewish Marginalization, and Communal Empowerment in Israel","authors":"Aviad Moreno, Haim Bitton","doi":"10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.08.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.08.09","url":null,"abstract":"The writing of “Yizkor books” (Yizker bikher, רעכיב רוכזי)—memorial books for European Jewish communities that were destroyed in the Holocaust—has developed and expanded as the remnants of these lost communities scattered around the globe in the post-war era. The motives for writing comparable books among non-European Jewish communities—which experienced different circumstances of dispersal but were still influenced by Holocaust memory—and the way these books nourished the intentional creation of immigrant communities, are understudied. This article focuses on the related genre of what we define as community-oriented autobiographical memoirs penned by Moroccan Jews who migrated to Israel in the 1950s. Within these books, we trace patterns of narration and memory construction utilized by Moroccan leaders in an effort to cope with the stereotyping and exclusion of their communities from mainstream culture by the Ashkenazi-European elite in Israel. We explore how these narratives by Moroccan immigrants were, on the one hand, inspired by commonplace Israeli Holocaust memories depicting the traumatic annihilation of Jewish life in Morocco, and, on the other hand, accounts of Moroccan marginality in Israel.","PeriodicalId":119873,"journal":{"name":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Near and Far: A Transnational History of France 从近到远:法国的跨国历史
Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.29
Sarah-Jane (Saje) Mathieu
{"title":"From Near and Far: A Transnational History of France","authors":"Sarah-Jane (Saje) Mathieu","doi":"10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":119873,"journal":{"name":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Let this Book be a Monument: Yizker Bikher and Jewish Collective Memory 让这本书成为一座纪念碑:伊兹克·比克和犹太人的集体记忆
Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.07
Jennifer Rich
{"title":"Let this Book be a Monument: Yizker Bikher and Jewish Collective Memory","authors":"Jennifer Rich","doi":"10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.07","url":null,"abstract":"In the immediate aftermath of the Holocaust, Eastern European Jews turned to a rich tradition of remembering lost peoples and cultures, and organized the collaborative writing of memorial books. There were over 1,000 of these place-based memory texts written by survivors and pre-war emigres in order to shape knowledge about the war, to emphasize the vibrancy of their prewar lives, and to share their memories and perceptions with future generations. This corpus of material has been largely overlooked by scholars over the past seventy years; this article begins to fill the gap in what is known about postwar memorial books.","PeriodicalId":119873,"journal":{"name":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Crowding out the Algerian War in French Memorial Books 法国纪念书籍中排挤阿尔及利亚战争
Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.25
Amy L. Hubbell
{"title":"Crowding out the Algerian War in French Memorial Books","authors":"Amy L. Hubbell","doi":"10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.23.2.2023.07.25","url":null,"abstract":"France's colonial history in Algeria has been the subject of “Memory Wars” since the end of the 1990s. Culminating in 2012 at the fiftieth anniversary of the Algerian War (1954–1962), these Memory Wars contributed to numerous publications about every aspect of Algeria. Large format coffee-table photographic books ( beaux livres), as well as paperbacks full of collected memories of the colonial years and the war, from both French and Algerians, flooded French bookshops. In this article, I engage with the concepts of competitive, hoarded, and multidirectional memory to demonstrate how French memorial books that are especially photo driven appear to place war on display, but, at the same time, bury difficult and traumatic memory. The research examines three French memorial books published between 2010 and 2012, leading up to the fiftieth anniversary of Algerian independence, and addresses how traumatic memories are recuperated and still hidden within texts that attempt to fill a memorial void. Despite book titles that claim to examine the memories of war, within the books, Algeria often remains a beautiful, peaceful, and nostalgic backdrop. War is not clearly depicted in the images but emerges in accompanying descriptive texts. In light of France's establishment of the Truth and Memory Commission on the Algerian War in 2022, I examine how diverse versions of the past come into dialogue with each other, while individual memorial books continue to crowd out unspeakable violence.","PeriodicalId":119873,"journal":{"name":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Plotting Democratic Change in Chat Rooms: The Role of PalTalk as an Eritrean Diaspora Forum 策划聊天室中的民主变革:PalTalk作为厄立特里亚侨民论坛的角色
Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.3138/diaspora.23.1.2023.01.23
Yonatan Tewelde
{"title":"Plotting Democratic Change in Chat Rooms: The Role of PalTalk as an Eritrean Diaspora Forum","authors":"Yonatan Tewelde","doi":"10.3138/diaspora.23.1.2023.01.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.23.1.2023.01.23","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This study explores the utilization of the PalTalk chat application by the Eritrean diaspora as a platform for solidarity building and long-distance activism against totalitarianism in their home country between 2000 and 2016. The objective of this research is to analyze the role of Eritrean PalTalk as a transnational mobilization network, with a particular focus on “Smer” room, one of the most popular Eritrean PalTalk groups. The study delves into the evolution, struggles, and milestones of “Smer” room and illustrates how Eritrean migrants, living under a regime where private press is banned and criticism of the government is not tolerated, utilized chat rooms as safe spaces for solidarity building and public opinion construction. Additionally, the research considers how PalTalk may have enabled diaspora Eritreans to overcome fears of punishment from the repressive state, and how chat room patrons planned and mobilized diasporic mass demonstrations in Europe demanding the stepping down of their state leader.","PeriodicalId":119873,"journal":{"name":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122547917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Imperial Inheritances: A Meditation in Five Parts 帝国遗产:五部观
Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.3138/diaspora.23.1.2023.02.03
A. Kini
{"title":"Imperial Inheritances: A Meditation in Five Parts","authors":"A. Kini","doi":"10.3138/diaspora.23.1.2023.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.23.1.2023.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay queries the dynamics of history and diasporic memory, difference and affiliation, in the context of empire, by dwelling on the spectral presence of my great uncle, D. K. Sharda, in stories passed on to me by my mother and grandmother. Sharda was a journalist in British East Africa, part of a network of leftist anticolonial activists who used the independent press to advocate for Black-Asian alliance in the Kenyan struggle for independence. Grappling with the fragmentary nature of diasporic memory, I engage personal family history in order to disrupt the conventional politics of knowledge production in the academy, particularly scholarly disinterest and critical distance. Drawing on and juxtaposing archival research, personal interviews, and analyses of family photographs, I examine the gendered visual, narrative, and affective mechanisms by which histories and knowledges of imperial migration and diaspora are transmitted, and the political imaginaries such transmissions might produce.","PeriodicalId":119873,"journal":{"name":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132075818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Shoal on a New Shore: Afro-Indigeneity and Multilingualism in M. NourbeSe Philip's Zong! 新海岸上的浅滩:诺贝斯的《宗》中的非洲土著与多语言!
Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.3138/diaspora.23.1.2023.02.01
Caitlin Simmons
{"title":"A Shoal on a New Shore: Afro-Indigeneity and Multilingualism in M. NourbeSe Philip's Zong!","authors":"Caitlin Simmons","doi":"10.3138/diaspora.23.1.2023.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.23.1.2023.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the eight sections of her 2008 book-length poem Zong!, Afro-Canadian poet NourbeSe Philip breaks apart the representational, colonialist, and objectifying language of an archived insurance document, repurposes it, and transforms it into poetry that establishes new methods of reading that resist the semantic logic of slavery's necropolitical archive. While many critics focus on the de(con)structive nature of Philip's response to the murder of 133 enslaved persons at sea, I assert that Zong! is ultimately an antinomian text of recovery and reconstruction by virtue of her inclusion of multiple Indigenous African tongues. In doing so, I turn to Tiffany Lethabo King's exploration of the “shoal”—a liminal spot of convergence between the sea and land that connects the Black Atlantic to Indigenous violence—to establish that Zong! is more than a text of the Black Atlantic. Through the inclusion of thirteen Afro-Indigenous languages, I argue that Philip creates a convergence between the Black Atlantic and Indigeneity, in a new Afro-Indigenous shoal. This expands King's shoal to the shores of Africa, demonstrating that these multiethnic convergences exceed an Americanist approach.","PeriodicalId":119873,"journal":{"name":"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133047283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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