European journal of paediatric dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Associations between overprotective parenting and children's cooperation during dental treatment, toothbrushing behaviour and dental caries experience.","authors":"E Geuns, M de Jong-Lenters, D Duijster","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.2296","DOIUrl":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.2296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study explored the association between overprotective parenting and children's behaviour during dental treatment, toothbrushing behaviour and children's dental caries experience in the Netherlands.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overprotective parenting is significantly associated with more disruptive behaviour of children during dental treatment and more difficult toothbrushing behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"272-279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypomineralised Second Primary Molars (HSPM): Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics and Association with Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) in Children in Jordan.","authors":"T Bani-Hani, H Taha, O B Al-Batayneh","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.2210","DOIUrl":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.2210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HSPM, its clinical presentation and any association to MIH in Jordanian children.</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>A cross-sectional study involving six- to-eight-year-old schoolchildren was carried out by two calibrated examiners. The MIH/HSPM index was used for scoring defects. A self-administered questionnaires exploring pre-, peri-, and post-natal relevant histories were also completed by parents. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used for data analysis with a p set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 783 children (417 males and 366 females) with a mean age of (7.27 ± 0.6) years were enrolled in the study. The prevalence reported for MIH and HSPM was 40.1% and 44% respectively. Gender had no influence on the prevalence of HSPM (p=0.28), however, for MIH, the condition was more significantly reported in females compared to males (53.5% vs. 46.5%, p =0.002). The lower molars were significantly more affected than upper molars. Demarcated opacities were the most common clinical presentation. Mild lesion severity was the most frequently reported for both MIH and HSPM. The two conditions were significantly associated with each other (p =0.00,). However, HSPM was not predictive of MIH (OR=1.17, 95% CI=0.95 to 1.44). Regarding potential etiological/ risk factors, maternal intake of vitamin D during pregnancy was significantly associated with less MIH in their children.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MIH and HSPM were quite prevalent in Jordanian schoolchildren. The two conditions were significantly associated with each other, but HSPM was not predictive of MIH.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"315-321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on fluoride prophylaxis.","authors":"P Defabianis","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.S03","DOIUrl":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.S03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluoride is a chemical element widely distributed throughout nature. In our bodies, fluoride is considered a trace element, meaning mineral salts that, although present only in small quantities or even trace amounts, perform important biological functions. Fluoride is present in the body primarily associated with calcium, for which it has a high affinity, in teeth and bones. It is rapidly absorbed in the stomach and proximal small intestine, and peak serum levels are reached within 40-60 minutes. Fluoride absorption from water in the form of fluoride ions is faster and more complete than that bound to proteins, the form in which it is found in foods. Fluoride is excreted in urine. In children, 20% of the fluoride is eliminated, with 80-90% retained by bone tissue and developing teeth. The main benefits of fluoride are obtained through local administration, on the tooth surface. Fluoride is considered safe when consumed at recommended levels, but excessive fluoride exposure will lead to the occurrence of fluorosis [Srivastava et al., 2020] with detrimental effects on teeth, bone strength [Wei et al., 2019; Helte et al., 2021; Lindsay et al., 2023] thyroid function and cognitive development [Iamandii et al., 2023; Granjean, 2019; Taylor et al., 2025]. Efforts to develop safe and effective strategies to prevent this common disease are critical, particularly among lower-to-middleincome countries. The aim of this work is to discuss evidence that excessive fluoride exposure is not essential for caries prevention, offers little benefit to the fetus and young infant, and is particularly hazardous for young children due to the vulnerability of their developing brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"26 4 Suppl","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145667541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Skeletal and Airway Changes Between Subjects with Class II Malocclusion Treated with Functional Therapy in the Pre-Pubertal and Pubertal Phases.","authors":"A D Inchingolo, G Marinelli, P Bassi, R Lagioia, F Inchingolo, F Vinjolli, A Palermo, D Celli, A M Inchingolo, G Dipalma","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.2544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2025.2544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Evaluate the skeletal and upper airway changes induced by the Twin Block device in patients with Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrognathia using 2D imaging and compare the effects of prepubertal and pubertal treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty patients (15 males and 15 females) with Class II malocclusion who were treated with the Twin Block device were selected. Latero-lateral teleradiographs were acquired at the beginning (T0) and end (T1) of treatment. The sample was divided into two groups (pre-pubertal and pubertal) according to cervical vertebral maturation (CVM). Patients wore the device 24 hours a day, except during meals and oral hygiene, and underwent monthly checkups. Images were analysed using DeltaDent software.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Twin Block effectively improved mandibular position and dental occlusion, positively contributing to upper airway development with comparable effects in the two growth stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"26 4","pages":"255-267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145741354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing lack of compliance in children: use of behaviour techniques in paediatric dentistry among Italian practictioners.","authors":"S Arcari, M Severino, A Mattei, D Tripodi, G Gallusi, M Moscati","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.S05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2025.S05","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The purpose of this study was to survey Italian dental practitioners on behaviour guidance techniques (BGTs). Use of tell-show-do (TSD), sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen according to the Langa technique, audio-visual distraction (AVD) and referral to general anaesthesia (GA) were enquired, particularly focusing on nitrous oxide usage in paediatric dental patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The research was conducted between September 2022 and December 2023. Data from 153 surveys were eligible to be processed using the STATA/BE software program, version18.0. The sample was stratified based on time in practice (≤10 and &gt;10 years in practice), gender, practicing area (northern, central or southern Italy). Descriptive and inferential analysis were conducted comparing groups using X2 test or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. The level of statistical significance was set at P value &lt;0.05.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;One hundred fifty-three complete surveys were analysed. Of the respondents, 79.8% (121) were female and 20.92% (32) were male. Regarding years in practice, 53.59% (82) were in practice for less than or equal to 10 years and 46.41% (71) were in practice for more than 10 years. As for location of the practice, 45.10% (69) worked in northern Italy, 23.53% (36) practiced in central Italy and 31.37% (48) were from southern Italy, Sicily and Sardegna included. Significant difference was found between genders, with 55.37% (67) female practitioners who assessed to have more than 50% of their patients in paediatric age, compared to 28.12% (9) male participants. Statistical significance was also found between years in practice and referral to general anaesthesia: 29.27% (24) respondents in practice for equal or less than 10 years stated to refer no patients to general anaesthesia compared to 9.86% (7) providers in practice for more than 10 years. In the sample stratified by geographical area, statistical significance was noticed among practitioners who do not refer any paediatric patient to GA: 37.50% (18) Southern Italian practitioners versus 27.78% (10) central Italian practitioners and 4.35% (3) northern Italian practitioners. Northern Italy was found to be the territory with the highest referral to GA: the answer category &lt;10% paediatric patients indicated for GA was selected by 71.01% (49) northern practitioners versus 66.67% (24) central respondents and 45.83% (22) southern participants in the survey.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Behaviour guidance technique selection and utilisation among Italian practicing paediatric dentists is influenced by multiple factors, including gender, time in practice and geographic location of practice. The results showed Tell-Show-Do as the preferred behaviour guidance technique among Italian practitioners. GA referral was assessed to be significantly higher among northern practitioners. Responders in practice for more than 10 years referred to GA a statistically h","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"26 4 Suppl","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145741057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention in Pregnancy.","authors":"A Cosi, M T Petricca, F Marziali, M P Rongione, M L Scaramazza, R Valloreo, D Tripodi","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.S02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2025.S02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the oral health, oral hygiene, and dietary habits of pregnant women, as well as the health status and habits of their children in their first few months of life. This project, implemented through an agreement between the Pescara Local Health Authority and the \"G. d'Annunzio\" University of Chieti and Pescara, enabled these investigations to be carried out and assessed satisfaction with pre-/post-partum courses.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This is a descriptive statistical analysis conducted on a sample of participants from a maternal and child oral health education project.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The project was conducted from June 2023 to December 2024 and enabled 500 pregnant women to participate in pre- and post-partum courses. Of these participants, 105 underwent a free dental examination and agreed to complete a first questionnaire. Subsequently, 53 of these women responded to a second questionnaire regarding the post-partum period. The questionnaires aimed to collect data on general and oral health, dietary and oral hygiene habits, and information about the newborn, their birth, and their first few months of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the first questionnaire, it was found that 52.4% of women reported gum bleeding during pregnancy and 40% reported gum swelling. 51.4% had a dental check-up in the previous year, and 58.1% did not use interdental cleaning aids. The second questionnaire revealed that 51.9% of mothers experienced oral problems after childbirth, but of these, only 34.6% underwent a dental check-up. Regarding family habits, 51.9% of parents stated that they engaged in salivary exchange with the child, and 7.69% of newborns had a dental check-up after birth. 88.5% of mothers found the courses useful.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study confirms the prevalence of gum problems during pregnancy and, at the same time, the low level of interest in oral health and, consequently, in dental check-ups. The need to increase awareness about the risks of certain habits, such as salivary exchange, is evident. However, the high satisfaction rate with the courses and the interest shown by most of the project participants-who are still in contact with the dental facilities-demonstrate the effectiveness of the courses. It is therefore hoped that the study can be expanded on a larger scale and that the role of the paediatric dentist can be included in pre-/post-partum pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"26 4 Suppl","pages":"9-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145667561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Prevention & Lifelong health.","authors":"L Paglia, S Colombo, G Gallusi","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.S01","DOIUrl":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.S01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the dental field, the value of early prevention is self-evident. Appropriate use of fluoride, parental and child education on correct oral hygiene practices, early detection of conditions such as molar-incisor hypomineralisation, implementation of pit and fissure sealing programmes, and dietary management aimed at reducing sugar intake are all interventions that demonstrate long-term benefits. These measures not only improve the prognosis of future treatments, but also reduce susceptibility to oral diseases in adulthood as well as systemic disorders. Dental caries, the most prevalent chronic disease worldwide, continues to increase in both primary and permanent dentition. Its early occurrence is not merely a dental problem, but also an indicator of exposure to unhealthy lifestyles and to risk factors common to other major conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. This highlights oral prevention as a cornerstone of broader non-communicable disease prevention strategies, in line with WHO recommendations. Examples from daily practice clearly show that paediatric dental prevention is not a cost, but a lifelong investment: every early intervention generates benefits that persist for decades. The challenge in the coming years will be to increasingly integrate oral prevention into maternal and child health programmes, schools, and public health policies, building concrete bridges with paediatrics, nutrition, and other health disciplines, extending through to geriatrics. On the occasion of this anniversary, this special issue seeks to reaffirm a key message: paediatric dental prevention is fundamental to securing oral health and general well-being across the life-course, from childhood to old age. This statement is not a rhetorical claim, but a commitment firmly grounded in scientific evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"26 4 Suppl","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145654139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"25th Anniversary of the European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry.","authors":"L Paglia","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.26.04.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2025.26.04.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"26 4","pages":"254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145741387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caries risk assessment in children: experimental study on the effectiveness of the C.A.M.B.R.A. system.","authors":"S Caruso, V D'Antò, S Caruso, G Botticelli, M Di Carlo, R Gatto, L Lisi, F Emiliani, F Fiasca, A Mattei, G Di Fabio, G F Ferrazano","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.S04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2025.S04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The caries risk assessment (CRA) is the set of procedures that aim to determine a personalised treatment of the caries pathology in the patient. CRA establishes the probability to develop carious lesions over a certain time period or the likelihood that there will be a change in size or activity of lesions already present [Kriegler et al., 2021]. This \"assessment\" occurs in two phases: the first phase is to determine specific disease indicators, risk factors, and protective factors each patient has such as the presence of bacterial biofilm, the quantity and quality of saliva, the quality and quantity of the patient's diet, the presence or absence of a correct lifestyle from a hygienic point of view; the use of fluorine and calcium phosphate substances; In the second phase a risk level is assigned to the patient (low, moderate, high, or extreme) in order to allow an individualised treatment plan, which combines restorative treatments with a preventive chemical therapy [Featherstone and Chaffee, 2018; Khallaf et al., 2021]. The aim of this preliminary study is to analyse the correlation of caries with the risk factors related in young patients from 6 to 12 years old, associated to moderate and severe risk levels of caries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study that included 64 children and adolescents aged from 6 to 12 years, considering the possible and possible samples not acceptable to the study, due to the exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were as follows: all children visiting the pediatric dental clinic who co-operated during the oral examination who have from \"moderate\" to\" high\" risk of caries according with CAMBRA [Featherstone et al., 2007].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample consisted of 64 subjects, of which only one with a C.R.A. score less than 11 (score 1 for the compliance factor, workable soil index, and score 3 for the fluorine factor to indicate no fluoroprophylactic measure) and was considered \"low risk\". This patient was excluded from the subsequent analysis, which compared subjects with a C.R.A. score of 11-15 (\"high risk\", n = 29) with those with a score of 16-27 (\"extreme risk\", n = 34).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results showed that patients at extreme risk of tooth decay compared to high-risk patients, not only had all the highest rating rates, but also had more difficulty changing their habits. We can therefore conclude that both the risk of caries is directly proportional to a worsening of the clinical conditions and the delay of the intervention by the clinician is itself a risk factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"26 4 Suppl","pages":"37-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145741659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of an adapted Interdisciplinary Orofacial Examination Protocol for Children and Adolescents for the Early Identification of Speech Disorders in Paediatric Orthodontic Patients.","authors":"A Scribante, M Pascadopoli, M C Vitale, G Verdi, C Nasser, K Tase, L Carenzi, M F Sfondrini","doi":"10.23804/ejpd.2025.S08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2025.S08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders (OMDs) affect oral functions and influence craniofacial development, contributing to skeletal and dental malocclusions. The collaboration between orthodontists and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) is crucial for early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic competence of orthodontic residents in identifying OMDs, and to determine whether the application of a standardised interdisciplinary orofacial assessment protocol enhances diagnostic accuracy and interprofessional consistency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-nine postgraduate orthodontic residents (PORs) at the University of Pavia were asked to conduct the first visit of one patient each to assign a Diagnostic Score (DS) from 1 to 10, where 1 indicated no need for intervention and 10 indicated an absolute necessity for orofacial myofunctional therapy (T0). Subsequently, an adapted version of the Interdisciplinary Orofacial Examination Protocol for Children and Adolescents (aIOEPCA) was used to improve the diagnostic ability of PORs. aIOEPCA comprised 15 clinical items, including assessment of sagittal, vertical, and transverse malocclusion patterns, lip competence, tongue mobility, breathing, swallowing, and speech articulation-each scored to quantify the severity of dysfunction. A second evaluation of the DS was conducted after the use of the protocol (T1), to assess improvements in PORs diagnostic ability. An expert SLP independently evaluated the same patients using the interdisciplinary protocol and DS were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between the PORs and the SLP evaluations across several functional parameters. Regarding DS, a significant difference was found between PORs T0 and SLP (p < 0.05), while after the use of the protocol the score improved, and PORs T1 vs SLP resulted not significant (p > 0.05). The use of the aIOEPCA improved diagnostic consistency, highlighting its potential as a standardised interdisciplinary diagnostic tool.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight a deficiency in the ability of orthodontic residents to identify functional impairments requiring orofacial myofunctional therapy. Implementing interdisciplinary assessment tools could help to mitigate this deficit and foster more cohesive diagnostic pathways. Structured interprofessional education should be considered an imperative part of orthodontic education.</p>","PeriodicalId":11930,"journal":{"name":"European journal of paediatric dentistry","volume":"26 4 Suppl","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145741672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}