European Journal of Epidemiology最新文献_第2页

Null within-twin estimates on education and dementia: cautions for within-family contrasts. 对教育和痴呆的双胞胎内估计为零：对家庭内对比的警告。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01305-x

Soohyeon Ko

引用次数: 0

Sex, male origin microchimerism, and mortality in a Danish cohort. 性别，男性起源微嵌合和丹麦队列的死亡率。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01309-7

Gitte Lindved Petersen,Tri-Long Nguyen,Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen,Anne Tjønneland,Mads Kamper-Jørgensen

引用次数: 0

Ultra-processed food intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of three prospective cohorts of Korean adults and an updated meta-analysis. 超加工食品摄入与2型糖尿病风险：一项对韩国成年人三个前瞻性队列的汇总分析和一项更新的荟萃分析

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01297-8

Yujin Kim,Yoonkyoung Cho,Bonjae Koo,Zhangling Chen,Qi Sun,Hannah Oh

{"title":"Ultra-processed food intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of three prospective cohorts of Korean adults and an updated meta-analysis.","authors":"Yujin Kim,Yoonkyoung Cho,Bonjae Koo,Zhangling Chen,Qi Sun,Hannah Oh","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01297-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01297-8","url":null,"abstract":"Studies suggest a positive association between ultra-processed food (UPF) intake and type 2 diabetes risk. However, studies were primarily conducted in Western populations with diets and disease profiles different from populations living elsewhere. In addition, the dose-response relationship needs to be further elucidated. We conducted an individual-level pooled analysis of three Korean prospective cohorts (n = 72,776). UPF intake (in the percentage of g/d as the main UPF unit) was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires and categorized according to Nova classification. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We subsequently conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies, including recent studies from both Western and non-Western populations, to assess the dose-response relationship. In a pooled analysis of Korean cohorts (up to 18 years of follow-up), the highest (vs. lowest) quartile of UPF intake was associated with an increased type 2 diabetes risk (pooled HR [95% CI] = 1.11 [1.02, 1.21] , p-trend = 0.03). The positive association persisted after additional adjustment for BMI, nutritional factors (fiber, sodium, and carbohydrate intakes), or diet quality score. Among individual UPF subgroups, processed meats, ready-to-eat/heat mixed dishes, and ice cream were positively associated with diabetes risk. In a meta-analysis of 17 prospective cohorts, every 10% (of g/d) increment in UPF intake was associated with a 10% (summary RR [95% CI] = 1.10 [1.08, 1.12] ) higher risk in a dose-response fashion. Our meta-evidence supports that higher UPF intake may monotonically increase type 2 diabetes risk.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generalized additive mixed models to discern data-driven theoretically informed strategies for public brain, cognitive and mental health. 为公众大脑、认知和心理健康辨别数据驱动的理论知情策略的广义加性混合模型。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01296-9

Laurenz Lammer,Frauke Beyer,Steffi Riedel-Heller,Julia Sacher,Heide Glaesmer,Arno Villringer,A Veronica Witte

{"title":"Generalized additive mixed models to discern data-driven theoretically informed strategies for public brain, cognitive and mental health.","authors":"Laurenz Lammer,Frauke Beyer,Steffi Riedel-Heller,Julia Sacher,Heide Glaesmer,Arno Villringer,A Veronica Witte","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01296-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01296-9","url":null,"abstract":"Social isolation is recognized as a public health emergency. However, major guidelines provide vastly different recommendations on how to target it, and no strategy has been substantiated on firm theoretical or empirical grounds, yet. Rose's seminal The Strategy of Preventive Medicine provided a theoretical framework for such arbitrations between approaches. Therein, determining the shape of the relationship between risk factor and outcome is of paramount importance. However, quantitative approaches immediately applying this theory to evidence are still lacking. Thus, in this pre-registered analysis, we pursued a novel approach and employed generalized additive mixed models to model the shape of social isolation's Links to brain, cognitive and mental health outcomes in a well-characterised population-based sample. We derived brain measures from 3T MRIs, assessed cognitive functions with extensive neuropsychological testing and measured social isolation and mental health outcomes using established questionnaires. Overall, we studied over 10,000 (mean age 58a, 53% women) participants at baseline and over 5500 (mean age 64a, 53% women) at follow-up after ~ 6 years. The relationship of social contact with almost all outcomes was firmly linear and did not differ above and below the standard threshold for social isolation. Only for processing speed did we detect a steeper slope amongst socially isolated individuals. Hence, most of the health effects of social contact were observed in individuals that would not be categorised as socially isolated. Applying advanced statistical methods to a large and well-characterised dataset we provide evidence in support of a shift in focus away from individual-level and towards population-level preventive approaches.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elucidating some common biases in randomized controlled trials using directed acyclic graphs. 用有向无环图阐明随机对照试验中的一些常见偏差。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01298-7

Erin E Gabriel,Alex Ocampo,Arvid Sjölander

引用次数: 0

An instrumental variable analysis of body mass index and risk of long-term sick leave: the HUNT Study, Norway. 体质指数与长期病假风险的工具变量分析：HUNT研究，挪威。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01299-6

Karoline Moe,Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno,Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen,Silje L Kaspersen,Solveig Osborg Ose,David Carslake,Paul Jarle Mork,Lene Aasdahl

{"title":"An instrumental variable analysis of body mass index and risk of long-term sick leave: the HUNT Study, Norway.","authors":"Karoline Moe,Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno,Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen,Silje L Kaspersen,Solveig Osborg Ose,David Carslake,Paul Jarle Mork,Lene Aasdahl","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01299-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01299-6","url":null,"abstract":"A more comprehensive understanding of the causal relationships between body mass index (BMI) and sick leave is needed. We aimed to examine the effect of BMI on the risk of cause-specific and all-cause long-term sick leave using an instrumental variable approach. The study included 21,918 adults participating in the two latest surveys of the population-based HUNT Study (HUNT3, 2006-2008 and HUNT4, 2017-2019) linked with registry data on cause-specific sick leave, including musculoskeletal and mental disorders. We used Cox regression to estimate risk of long-term sick leave per standard deviation (SD) increase in z-score of BMI, applying both conventional analysis of own BMI and instrumental variable analysis based on offspring BMI. In the conventional analyses, hazard ratios per SD increase in z-score of BMI ranged from 1.04 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99-1.08) for mental health disorders in women to 1.17 (95% CI 1.13-1.22) for musculoskeletal disorders in men. The instrumental variable approach supported that higher BMI increased the risk of long-term sick leave, except for sick leave due to mental health disorders in men. The analyses suggested that offspring BMI as an instrument is not independent of shared confounding. The results from both the conventional and instrumental variable analyses show that higher BMI increases the risk of long-term sick leave, except for sick leave due to mental health disorders in men. The instrumental variable method is likely to remove bias due to reverse causation, but residual bias due to shared confounding factors cannot be ruled out.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Caveats of assessing incidence trends using publicly available registry data. 使用可公开获得的登记数据评估发病率趋势的注意事项。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01288-9

Volker Arndt,Soo-Zin Kim-Wanner,Bernd Holleczek,Alice Nennecke,Frederik Peters,Annika Waldmann

引用次数: 0

Plasma metabolites, metabolic risk score and colorectal cancer risk: a prospective cohort study. 血浆代谢物、代谢风险评分和结直肠癌风险：一项前瞻性队列研究。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01284-z

Ying Deng,Miaomiao Yang,Panxin Peng,Ying Lin,Jiaqi Lin,Jingyao Huang,Kejia Wu,Xingxing Hu,Zibo Ni,Dongsheng Hu,Ming Zhang,Baochang He,Yinggang Chen,Lin Tian,Chunsheng Cheng,Qingtian Luo,Pei Qin,Xiuyun Chen,Jian Yang,Fulan Hu

{"title":"Plasma metabolites, metabolic risk score and colorectal cancer risk: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Ying Deng,Miaomiao Yang,Panxin Peng,Ying Lin,Jiaqi Lin,Jingyao Huang,Kejia Wu,Xingxing Hu,Zibo Ni,Dongsheng Hu,Ming Zhang,Baochang He,Yinggang Chen,Lin Tian,Chunsheng Cheng,Qingtian Luo,Pei Qin,Xiuyun Chen,Jian Yang,Fulan Hu","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01284-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01284-z","url":null,"abstract":"The associations of colorectal cancer (CRC) risk with metabolites, lifestyle factors and their joint effects have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we conducted a prospective cohort study to estimate the associations of CRC risk with metabolites, metabolic risk score (MRS) and its joint associations with lifestyle factors. This study included 82,514 participants with plasma metabolites data in the UK Biobank. LASSO-COX and Random Forest was used to select metabolites. Cox regression was utilized to construct MRS and estimate the associations of CRC risk with metabolites, MRS and its joint associations with lifestyle factors. Single-cell RNA sequencing data were analyzed to identify metabolism-related genes and metabolic pathways during CRC progression. During a median follow-up of 13.28 years, 1151 incident CRC cases were identified. MRS, constructed using 6 metabolites, was significantly associated with increased CRC risk (HR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.22-1.56 for high vs. low MRS), with the strongest association for proximal colon cancer (HR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.24-1.84), followed by distal colon cancer and rectal cancer (HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.05-1.72; HR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.11-1.69). Joint associations were identified between MRS and lifestyle factors with CRC risk. Individuals with healthy sleep, never smoking, healthy diet, and healthy lifestyle but high MRS also exhibited elevated CRC risk. Linoleic acid, histidine and tyrosine metabolism pathways played important roles during normal intestinal mucosa to CRC progression. Pre-diagnostic metabolites and MRS were significantly associated with increased CRC risk, especially proximal colon cancer. Individuals should maintain normal metabolite levels and healthy lifestyles for CRC prevention.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A phenome-wide association study of genetically determined nicotine metabolism reveals novel links with health-related outcomes. 基因决定尼古丁代谢的全现象关联研究揭示了与健康相关结果的新联系。

IF 5.9 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01270-5

Jadwiga Buchwald, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli Raitakari, Veikko Salomaa, Jaakko Kaprio, Matti Pirinen

{"title":"A phenome-wide association study of genetically determined nicotine metabolism reveals novel links with health-related outcomes.","authors":"Jadwiga Buchwald, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli Raitakari, Veikko Salomaa, Jaakko Kaprio, Matti Pirinen","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01270-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10654-025-01270-5","url":null,"abstract":"Faster nicotine metabolism, defined as the nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR), is known to associate with heavier smoking and challenges in smoking cessation. However, the broader health implications of genetically determined nicotine metabolism are not well characterized. We performed a hypothesis-free phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) of over 21,000 outcome variables from UK Biobank (UKB) to explore how the NMR (measured as the 3-hydroxycotinine-to-cotinine ratio) associates with the phenome. As the exposure variable, we used a genetic score for faster nicotine metabolism based on 10 putative causal genetic variants, explaining 33.8 % of the variance in the NMR. We analysed ever and never smokers separately to assess whether a causal pathway through nicotine metabolism is plausible. A total of 57 outcome variables reached phenome-wide significance at a false discovery rate of 5 %. We observed expected associations with several phenotypes related to smoking and nicotine, but could not replicate prior findings on cessation. Importantly, we found novel associations between genetically determined faster nicotine metabolism and adverse health outcomes, including unfavourable liver enzyme and lipid values, as well as increased caffeine consumption. These associations did not appear to differ between ever and never smokers, suggesting the corresponding pathways may not involve nicotine metabolism. No favourable health outcomes were linked to genetically determined faster nicotine metabolism. Our findings support a possibility that a future smoking cessation therapy converting fast metabolizers of nicotine to slower ones could work without adverse side effects and potentially even provide other health-related benefits.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1045-1065"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12537601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of modifiable risk factor reduction on future dementia burden: a microsimulation modeling study. 可改变的风险因素减少对未来痴呆负担的影响：一项微观模拟建模研究。

IF 5.9 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01283-0

Chiara C Brück, Koen de Nijs, M Arfan Ikram, Frank J Wolters, Inge M C M de Kok

{"title":"The impact of modifiable risk factor reduction on future dementia burden: a microsimulation modeling study.","authors":"Chiara C Brück, Koen de Nijs, M Arfan Ikram, Frank J Wolters, Inge M C M de Kok","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01283-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10654-025-01283-0","url":null,"abstract":"Approximately 30%-50% of dementia cases are attributable to modifiable risk factors, but the impact of risk reduction strategies on dementia incidence at a population level is uncertain. Reliable estimates of intervention effects require accounting for changes in life expectancy when intervening on risk factors, and model realistic reduction scenarios that consider co-occurrence of risk factors. Using the microsimulation model MISCAN-Dementia, we assessed the effect of interventions on mid-life hypertension and late-life smoking on dementia and mortality risk. We modeled risk factor reductions, from small reductions to complete elimination, and evaluated effects on dementia incidence and prevalence, number of cases, and life years with and without dementia. All risk factor reductions resulted in lower dementia incidence and prevalence, fewer dementia cases, and more dementia-free life years. Eliminating smoking resulted in 1.4% fewer dementia cases for women and 2.5% for men over their lifetime. Eliminating hypertension reduced dementia cases by 1.1% for women and 3.3% for men. The number of dementia cases and life years with dementia decreased until around age 90, after which a slight increase was observed due to prolonged life expectancy with the reductions. Reducing smoking and hypertension will result in additional life years without dementia and a modest reduction in overall dementia cases, with some additional dementia cases in the oldest old. These findings emphasize the potential of dementia risk reduction strategies and the importance of considering concurrent changes in mortality when evaluating risk factor reductions.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1083-1093"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12537620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144947596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0