European Journal of Epidemiology最新文献

The role of lipids in the effect of APOE2 on cognitive function: a causal mediation analysis. 脂质在APOE2对认知功能影响中的作用：因果中介分析。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01310-0

Qingyan Xiang,Judith J Lok,Nicole Roth,Stacy L Andersen,Thomas T Perls,Zeyuan Song,Anatoli I Yashin,Jonas Mengel-From,Gary J Patti,Paola Sebastiani

{"title":"The role of lipids in the effect of APOE2 on cognitive function: a causal mediation analysis.","authors":"Qingyan Xiang,Judith J Lok,Nicole Roth,Stacy L Andersen,Thomas T Perls,Zeyuan Song,Anatoli I Yashin,Jonas Mengel-From,Gary J Patti,Paola Sebastiani","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01310-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01310-0","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive research has examined the direct effect of APOE alleles on cognitive decline. However, there is limited investigation into the effect of APOE that is explained or mediated through molecular pathways, such as lipids. In this study, we performed a causal mediation analysis to estimate both the direct effect of APOE2 and its indirect effect through 24 lipid species on cognitive function, measured from the digital Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in 1228 Long Life Family Study (LLFS) participants. Results showed that APOE2 carriers completed the CDT significantly faster compared to common APOE3 carriers. Primary analysis identified two lipids (CE 18:3 and TG 56:5) protectively mediated the effect of APOE2 on cognitive function, resulting in shorter CDT think-time, ink-time, and total-time; conversely, TG 56:4 deleteriously mediated the effect of APOE2, resulting in increased ink-time. Secondary analysis yielded consistent results and identified four additional significant lipid pathways (DG 38:5, TG 51:3, TG 56:1, TG 56:2) that mediated the effect of APOE2. The combined indirect effect in the primary analysis contributed 15%-30% mediated proportion on CDT times, though such mediated proportion did not reach statistical significance. Overall, our analysis identified seven lipid species that significantly mediate the effect of APOE2 on cognitive performance. These lipids represent distinct lipid pathways, including both protective and deleterious mediation effects. Our findings offer insights for new therapeutics targeting those lipids to enhance the protective effects of APOE2 on cognition.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adverse health outcomes associated with drinking highly saline water: a systematic review. 与饮用高盐水相关的不良健康结果：一项系统评价。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01307-9

Eurydice Costopoulos,Airi Imamura,Nushrat Khan,Adrian Butler,Christopher Millett,Mohammad A Hoque,Paolo Vineis,Kristine Belesova,Aneire Khan

{"title":"Adverse health outcomes associated with drinking highly saline water: a systematic review.","authors":"Eurydice Costopoulos,Airi Imamura,Nushrat Khan,Adrian Butler,Christopher Millett,Mohammad A Hoque,Paolo Vineis,Kristine Belesova,Aneire Khan","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01307-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01307-9","url":null,"abstract":"In climate change-affected coastal areas, sea level rise, storm surges, droughts and altered rainfalls are significantly increasing salinity levels in drinking water sources. This is a major public health problem that affects many millions of people. We systematically reviewed and assessed the strength and quality of the evidence on the relationship between drinking water with high sodium levels (> 200 mgNa/l) and adverse cardiovascular, renal, and pregnancy-related health outcomes, following the PRISMA guidelines, the ROBINS-E Cochrane tool and the Navigation Guide. From five bibliographic databases, we identified 22 relevant studies, some of which assessed more than one health domain. The evidence was of moderate quality and strength. 14 analyses from eight studies at low risk of bias and four studies at moderate risk of bias, linked drinking high-salinity water to adverse health outcomes including hypertension and cardiovascular disease, impaired renal function, gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, and higher infant mortality. Eight studies were inconclusive. Three analyses, of which two at low risk of bias, associated drinking high-salinity water to improved health outcomes. Overall, our findings suggest that salinisation of drinking water sources is likely to increase adverse cardiovascular, renal, and pregnancy-related health outcomes. This conclusion highlights the importance of effective and timely adaptation at scale, and calls for a revision of the WHO guidelines for the intake of salt from water. The latest WHO guidelines (2022) do not set any health-based standard for sodium levels in drinking water, a problem that affects millions of people and will worsen with climate change.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations of alcohol drinking with incident dementia: a prospective study from the UK Biobank. 饮酒与痴呆的关系：一项来自英国生物银行的前瞻性研究

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01304-y

Yi Chen,Xiangyan Yin,Xiaoxiao Wang,Xuefen Zheng,Xinyu Yang,Jinhuan Zhou,Mengyao Shi,Yonghong Zhang

{"title":"Associations of alcohol drinking with incident dementia: a prospective study from the UK Biobank.","authors":"Yi Chen,Xiangyan Yin,Xiaoxiao Wang,Xuefen Zheng,Xinyu Yang,Jinhuan Zhou,Mengyao Shi,Yonghong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01304-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01304-y","url":null,"abstract":"Relationship between alcohol drinking and incident dementia remained uncertain. This study used UK Biobank cohort data to investigate the association between alcohol drinking and dementia risk, and potential effect modifications by cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, APOE4 gene, and sex. We excluded infrequent drinkers and participants with baseline dementia or dementia within two years of follow-up. Drinking status was defined as non-drinking, low-moderate and heavy drinking (by weekly alcohol units). Drinking behaviors included drinking with meals and drinking type. Primary outcome was all-cause dementia. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by multivariable Cox regression models. Subgroup analyses stratified by CVD risk, APOE4 gene, and sex were conducted. Among 296,715 participants (mean age 56.54 years), 4,242 developed dementia over a median follow-up of 13.7 years. Compared to non-drinking, low-moderate drinking reduced dementia risk (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.59-0.73), while heavy drinking showed no significant association (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.75-1.02). All drinking behaviors lowered dementia risk. Low-moderate drinking reduced dementia risk across subgroups: high/low CVD risk (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.59-0.74/0.43, 0.30-0.61), APOE4 carriers/non-carriers (HR 0.71, 0.61-0.83/0.61, 0.52-0.71), females/males (HR 0.67, 0.58-0.77/0.63, 0.53-0.76). Compared with non-drinking, low-moderate drinking is associated with lower incident dementia risk, regardless of CVD risk, APOE4 gene, and sex. The protective effect of alcohol drinking was consistent among various drinking behaviors. Thus, this study confirmed the protective effect of low-moderate drinking in population, and provided insights for improving alcohol-related public health guidelines for dementia prevention.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145153487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Survival trends and cure rates of hematological neoplasms in the Spanish pediatric population. 西班牙儿童血液肿瘤的生存趋势和治愈率。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01306-w

Jan Trallero,Aina Romaguera,Alberto Ameijide,Adela Cañete,Elena Pardo,Pau Alfonso,Noura Jeghalef-El-Karoui,Marta De-La-Cruz,Amaia Onaindia-Agundez,Arantza Sanvisens,Daniel Redondo-Sánchez,Josefina Perucha,Patricia Ruiz-Armengol,María-Dolores Chirlaque,Marcela Guevara,Pilar Gutiérrez,Clàudia Pla,Susana Merino-Perera,Montserrat Garrido-Martín,Ana Vizcaino-Batlles,Arantza Lopez-de-Munain,Rafael Marcos-Gragera,

{"title":"Survival trends and cure rates of hematological neoplasms in the Spanish pediatric population.","authors":"Jan Trallero,Aina Romaguera,Alberto Ameijide,Adela Cañete,Elena Pardo,Pau Alfonso,Noura Jeghalef-El-Karoui,Marta De-La-Cruz,Amaia Onaindia-Agundez,Arantza Sanvisens,Daniel Redondo-Sánchez,Josefina Perucha,Patricia Ruiz-Armengol,María-Dolores Chirlaque,Marcela Guevara,Pilar Gutiérrez,Clàudia Pla,Susana Merino-Perera,Montserrat Garrido-Martín,Ana Vizcaino-Batlles,Arantza Lopez-de-Munain,Rafael Marcos-Gragera, ","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01306-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01306-w","url":null,"abstract":"Hematological neoplasms (HN) were the first cause of death in children aged 5-9 years in Spain. The aim of this registry-based study is to provide a detailed overview of the survival of HN in the Spanish pediatric population. All pediatric HN cases included were classified according to the International Classification for Childhood Cancer. Flexible parametric models were used to estimate survival probabilities and long-term survival projections. Survival trends were evaluated with the annual average change in survival (AAC_S). Latent cure models were used to estimate cure fractions (CF). A total of 4706 cases of HN were diagnosed in Spain during 2000-2016, for which 2850 (60.6%) were boys. Leukemias and lymphoid leukemias (LL) were the most common type and subtype of HN in children. An overall 5- year survival of 84.3% [95% confidence intervals (CI): 83.3, 85.3] was observed for HNs. Children aged < 1 year with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome had the worst prognosis. An improvement over time was observed for all HN with an AAC_S of 0.71% [95% CI 0.50, 0.91], of which AML and Burkitt lymphomas displayed the greatest improvements. HNs revealed CF of 83.8% [95% CI 82.4, 85.3], with the highest CF being nearly 100% in Hodgkin lymphomas. Larger population coverage with updated data have aligned the Spanish results to those observed in other European countries. Continuous refinements in treatments, patient care and better diagnostic methods have revealed the highest survival improvements for HN subtypes with bad prognosis in children.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"216 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145127286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the physical and psychosocial impact of serious physical combat injuries in UK armed forces personnel-the ADVANCE cohort study. 评估英国武装部队人员严重身体战斗伤害的身体和心理影响- ADVANCE队列研究。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01300-2

Daniel Dyball,Susie Schofield,Howard Burdett,Christopher J Boos,Anthony M J Bull,Paul Cullinan,Nicola T Fear,Alexander N Bennett,

{"title":"Evaluating the physical and psychosocial impact of serious physical combat injuries in UK armed forces personnel-the ADVANCE cohort study.","authors":"Daniel Dyball,Susie Schofield,Howard Burdett,Christopher J Boos,Anthony M J Bull,Paul Cullinan,Nicola T Fear,Alexander N Bennett, ","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01300-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01300-2","url":null,"abstract":"The ADVANCE cohort study is a prospective cohort study investigating the impact of sustaining a serious physical combat injury whilst on deployment to Afghanistan on long-term health outcomes. The cohort will provide essential data on medical/psychosocial risk factors and outcomes associated with combat injury and establish injury-specific mechanisms of disease. Participants include UK Armed Forces personnel who sustained serious physical combat injuries and a frequency-matched comparison group who sustained no such injuries (uninjured group). The cohort consists of 1145 participants, with a baseline response rate of 59.6% for the injured group (n = 579) and 56.3% for the uninjured group (n = 566). The first follow up of this cohort retained 92% of the sample (n = 1053/1145). This cohort profile describes the baseline and first follow up demographics for ADVANCE, as well as details on published research projects spanning military epidemiology, physical health, including cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal and neurological, mental health and health-related behaviours. These projects comprise identification of early risk factors for disease and observed differences in health-characteristics between groups. Since baseline assessment of the cohort, ADVANCE has expanded investigations across physical and mental health domains, utilising advice from participant engagement and an international scientific advisory group. Researchers working on the ADVANCE cohort continue to engage with policy makers, clinicians and participants to ensure a wide-ranging impact from work conducted.Registration: The ADVANCE Study is registered at ISRCTN ID: ISRCTN57285353.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145127285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Null within-twin estimates on education and dementia: cautions for within-family contrasts. 对教育和痴呆的双胞胎内估计为零：对家庭内对比的警告。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01305-x

Soohyeon Ko

引用次数: 0

Sex, male origin microchimerism, and mortality in a Danish cohort. 性别，男性起源微嵌合和丹麦队列的死亡率。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01309-7

Gitte Lindved Petersen,Tri-Long Nguyen,Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen,Anne Tjønneland,Mads Kamper-Jørgensen

引用次数: 0

Ultra-processed food intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of three prospective cohorts of Korean adults and an updated meta-analysis. 超加工食品摄入与2型糖尿病风险：一项对韩国成年人三个前瞻性队列的汇总分析和一项更新的荟萃分析

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01297-8

Yujin Kim,Yoonkyoung Cho,Bonjae Koo,Zhangling Chen,Qi Sun,Hannah Oh

{"title":"Ultra-processed food intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of three prospective cohorts of Korean adults and an updated meta-analysis.","authors":"Yujin Kim,Yoonkyoung Cho,Bonjae Koo,Zhangling Chen,Qi Sun,Hannah Oh","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01297-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01297-8","url":null,"abstract":"Studies suggest a positive association between ultra-processed food (UPF) intake and type 2 diabetes risk. However, studies were primarily conducted in Western populations with diets and disease profiles different from populations living elsewhere. In addition, the dose-response relationship needs to be further elucidated. We conducted an individual-level pooled analysis of three Korean prospective cohorts (n = 72,776). UPF intake (in the percentage of g/d as the main UPF unit) was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires and categorized according to Nova classification. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We subsequently conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies, including recent studies from both Western and non-Western populations, to assess the dose-response relationship. In a pooled analysis of Korean cohorts (up to 18 years of follow-up), the highest (vs. lowest) quartile of UPF intake was associated with an increased type 2 diabetes risk (pooled HR [95% CI] = 1.11 [1.02, 1.21] , p-trend = 0.03). The positive association persisted after additional adjustment for BMI, nutritional factors (fiber, sodium, and carbohydrate intakes), or diet quality score. Among individual UPF subgroups, processed meats, ready-to-eat/heat mixed dishes, and ice cream were positively associated with diabetes risk. In a meta-analysis of 17 prospective cohorts, every 10% (of g/d) increment in UPF intake was associated with a 10% (summary RR [95% CI] = 1.10 [1.08, 1.12] ) higher risk in a dose-response fashion. Our meta-evidence supports that higher UPF intake may monotonically increase type 2 diabetes risk.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generalized additive mixed models to discern data-driven theoretically informed strategies for public brain, cognitive and mental health. 为公众大脑、认知和心理健康辨别数据驱动的理论知情策略的广义加性混合模型。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01296-9

Laurenz Lammer,Frauke Beyer,Steffi Riedel-Heller,Julia Sacher,Heide Glaesmer,Arno Villringer,A Veronica Witte

{"title":"Generalized additive mixed models to discern data-driven theoretically informed strategies for public brain, cognitive and mental health.","authors":"Laurenz Lammer,Frauke Beyer,Steffi Riedel-Heller,Julia Sacher,Heide Glaesmer,Arno Villringer,A Veronica Witte","doi":"10.1007/s10654-025-01296-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01296-9","url":null,"abstract":"Social isolation is recognized as a public health emergency. However, major guidelines provide vastly different recommendations on how to target it, and no strategy has been substantiated on firm theoretical or empirical grounds, yet. Rose's seminal The Strategy of Preventive Medicine provided a theoretical framework for such arbitrations between approaches. Therein, determining the shape of the relationship between risk factor and outcome is of paramount importance. However, quantitative approaches immediately applying this theory to evidence are still lacking. Thus, in this pre-registered analysis, we pursued a novel approach and employed generalized additive mixed models to model the shape of social isolation's Links to brain, cognitive and mental health outcomes in a well-characterised population-based sample. We derived brain measures from 3T MRIs, assessed cognitive functions with extensive neuropsychological testing and measured social isolation and mental health outcomes using established questionnaires. Overall, we studied over 10,000 (mean age 58a, 53% women) participants at baseline and over 5500 (mean age 64a, 53% women) at follow-up after ~ 6 years. The relationship of social contact with almost all outcomes was firmly linear and did not differ above and below the standard threshold for social isolation. Only for processing speed did we detect a steeper slope amongst socially isolated individuals. Hence, most of the health effects of social contact were observed in individuals that would not be categorised as socially isolated. Applying advanced statistical methods to a large and well-characterised dataset we provide evidence in support of a shift in focus away from individual-level and towards population-level preventive approaches.","PeriodicalId":11907,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Epidemiology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elucidating some common biases in randomized controlled trials using directed acyclic graphs. 用有向无环图阐明随机对照试验中的一些常见偏差。

IF 13.6 1区医学

European Journal of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01298-7

Erin E Gabriel,Alex Ocampo,Arvid Sjölander

引用次数: 0