ESMO Open最新文献

{"title":"Prognosis, clinicopathological characteristics, and treatment patterns of patients with ER-intermediate-positive breast cancer undergoing long-term follow-up","authors":"N. Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Y. Wanifuchi-Endo ,&nbsp;T. Fujita ,&nbsp;T. Asano ,&nbsp;M. Terada ,&nbsp;K. Nozawa ,&nbsp;M. Mori ,&nbsp;A. Isogai ,&nbsp;Y. Niwa ,&nbsp;H. Kato ,&nbsp;M. Komura ,&nbsp;T. Toyama","doi":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Estrogen receptor (ER) expression levels in breast cancer tissue predict the efficacy of endocrine therapy and the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Recently, it was reported that the prognosis of patients with ER-low-positive breast cancer was similar to that of ER-negative patients. This study aimed to investigate how ER expression levels impact the prognosis of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative early breast cancer undergoing long-term follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>The correlation between ER expression levels and prognosis was retrospectively evaluated in a cohort of 3091 consecutive patients with HER2-negative early breast cancer who were treated at our institute between 1981 and 2022. The median follow-up period was 85.2 (range 0-480) months. The proportion of ER-expressing cells in breast cancer tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry and used to classify patients into four categories: ER negative (&lt;1%), ER-low positive (1% ≤ ER &lt; 10%), ER-intermediate positive (10% ≤ ER &lt; 2/3), and ER-high positive (≥2/3).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with ER-intermediate-positive breast cancer had a prognosis similar to that of patients with ER-low-positive or ER-negative disease. By contrast, patients with ER-high-positive breast cancer had significantly longer disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) times than the other groups. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that ER-intermediate positivity was an independent factor for poor prognosis for both DFS and OS in patients with HER2-negative early breast cancer. The distributions of tumor grades 1, 2, and 3 were nearly equal among the ER-intermediate-positive patients, whereas more than half of patients with ER-high-positive breast cancer had grade 1 tumors. By analyzing changes in prognosis over time, we found that the prognosis of patients with ER-high-positive breast cancer markedly improved over three decades, while that of patients with ER-intermediate-positive disease did not.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with ER-intermediate-positive breast cancer differ from patients with ER-high-positive breast cancer, suggesting that the treatment of ER-positive breast cancer patients should be tailored based on ER expression levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11877,"journal":{"name":"ESMO Open","volume":"10 4","pages":"Article 104508"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors use in lung transplant recipients: a case series and systematic review of literature","authors":"N. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;G. Pamart ,&nbsp;C. Nardin ,&nbsp;A. Schuller ,&nbsp;S. Hirschi ,&nbsp;T. Dégot ,&nbsp;P.-E. Falcoz ,&nbsp;A. Olland ,&nbsp;C.-A. Tacquard ,&nbsp;R. Kessler ,&nbsp;B. Coiffard ,&nbsp;B. Renaud-Picard","doi":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an innovative treatment that has improved long-term survival in several neoplastic diseases over the past decade. Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, particularly lung transplant (LTx) recipients, have been largely excluded from clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficiency of ICIs, because of the perceived high risk of allograft rejection. In this study, we sought to evaluate the use of ICIs for all neoplastic diseases in LTx patients in all French LTx centers and two Belgian centers. We found only a limited number of cases in which ICIs were suggested to two patients due to a lack of alternative treatments. In the first case, acute respiratory failure and death occurred, whereas in the second case, ICI treatment was well tolerated and resulted in a partial response. In addition, we presented the case of a third LTx patient in whom the use of ICIs was considered but not used due to the patient’s comorbidities. This last case highlights the difficulty of discussing the risk–benefit balance, which ultimately did not favor ICI treatment of this patient. Further multicenter randomized controlled trials are necessary to investigate the safety and efficacy of ICIs in LTx recipients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11877,"journal":{"name":"ESMO Open","volume":"10 4","pages":"Article 104537"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in unresectable HCC: insights from the AMETHISTA trial interim analysis","authors":"L. Rimassa ,&nbsp;C. Astolfi ,&nbsp;F. Piscaglia","doi":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104547","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11877,"journal":{"name":"ESMO Open","volume":"10 4","pages":"Article 104547"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in individualization of systemic treatment for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review","authors":"P. Blanchard ,&nbsp;F. De Felice ,&nbsp;M.L.K. Chua","doi":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The optimal treatment strategy (radiotherapy with induction, concurrent or adjuvant chemotherapy) for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) remains to be addressed. Identifying biomarkers related to precise prognostic risk stratification and treatment benefits gained have been explored in recent years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We carried out a systematic review of the published literature covering these topics. Of 3732 references screened, 26 articles were found eligible for inclusion.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Regarding the issue of treatment pathway in LA-NPC, induction chemotherapy is usually preferred over adjuvant chemotherapy. It is paramount to stress patient selection to identify those cases at high risk of relapse requiring systemic intensification. Concerning a role for Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA-based personalized therapy, EBV DNA and its kinetics in plasma potentially represents a robust prognostic marker after (chemo)radiotherapy, but it is necessary to standardize test and cut-off levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This systematic review provides an overview of biomarker-guided systemic treatment designed to improve prognosis, including key aspects of current guidelines, biomolecular signature aspects and potential limitations between applicability to cancer treatment in endemic regions versus non-endemic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11877,"journal":{"name":"ESMO Open","volume":"10 4","pages":"Article 104513"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pan-cancer clinical and molecular landscape of MTAP deletion in nationwide and international comprehensive genomic data","authors":"H. Ikushima ,&nbsp;K. Watanabe ,&nbsp;A. Shinozaki-Ushiku ,&nbsp;K. Oda ,&nbsp;H. Kage","doi":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Early-phase clinical trials of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibitors as synthetic lethal strategies have shown promising efficacy in methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (<em>MTAP</em>)-deleted tumors. To refine and expand this promising therapeutic approach within the framework of precision oncology, it is critical to comprehensively characterize the clinical and molecular profiles of <em>MTAP</em>-deleted tumors.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This pan-cancer retrospective cohort study analyzed clinico-genomic data from the Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics (C-CAT) database, which includes 99.7% of patients who underwent comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) in Japan between June 2019 and November 2023. Machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence methods were applied to identify clinical predictors of MTAP deficiency. Findings were validated and compared using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange (GENIE) datasets.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 51 828 pan-cancer patients in the C-CAT cohort, <em>MTAP</em> deletion was observed in 4964 cases (9.6%), with a high prevalence in pancreatic (18.4%), biliary tract (15.6%), and lung (14.3%) cancers. <em>MTAP</em> deletion was associated with distinct clinical features, including male sex (56.0% versus 47.8%), older age (mean 62.4 versus 59.8 years), and shorter interval from diagnosis to CGP (median 380.0 versus 567.0 days). In pancreatic cancer, <em>MTAP</em> deletion was more common in <em>KRAS</em>-mutant tumors (19.8%) compared with <em>KRAS</em> wild-type tumors (8.9%). Across cancer types, <em>MTAP</em> deletion was less frequent in <em>RB1</em>-mutant tumors (pan-cancer: 3.2%, pancreatic: 7.6%, lung: 2.5%, biliary tract: 5.4%) than in <em>RB1</em> wild-type tumors (9.9%, 18.7%, 16.1%, 16.0%). These findings were validated using the TCGA (<em>n</em> = 9896) and GENIE (<em>n</em> = 178 034) datasets. In lung adenocarcinoma, <em>MTAP</em> deletion was found in 22.8% of <em>EGFR</em>-mutated tumors, 25.0% of <em>ALK</em>-translocated tumors, and 20.8% of <em>ROS1</em>-translocated tumors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>MTAP</em> deletion is associated with unique clinical and molecular features. These findings define the characteristics of <em>MTAP</em>-deleted cancers and provide a basis for synthetic lethal strategies in precision oncology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11877,"journal":{"name":"ESMO Open","volume":"10 4","pages":"Article 104535"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tocilizumab treatment for inflammatory dedifferentiated liposarcoma: pre- and post-treatment imaging and pathological changes","authors":"Y. Nishida ,&nbsp;S. Shimada","doi":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104530","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11877,"journal":{"name":"ESMO Open","volume":"10 4","pages":"Article 104530"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of minimal residual disease and prediction of recurrence in breast cancer using a plasma-only circulating tumor DNA assay","authors":"W. Janni ,&nbsp;B. Rack ,&nbsp;T.W.P. Friedl ,&nbsp;A.D. Hartkopf ,&nbsp;L. Wiesmüller ,&nbsp;K. Pfister ,&nbsp;F. Mergel ,&nbsp;A. Fink ,&nbsp;T. Braun ,&nbsp;F. Mehmeti ,&nbsp;N. Uhl ,&nbsp;A. De Gregorio ,&nbsp;J. Huober ,&nbsp;T. Fehm ,&nbsp;V. Müller ,&nbsp;T.A. Rich ,&nbsp;D.J. Dustin ,&nbsp;S. Zhang ,&nbsp;S.T. Huesmann","doi":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in early breast cancer (EBC) after curative-intent treatment may identify patients at risk for recurrence. Most circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-based MRD assays require knowledge of genomic alterations from tumor tissue. However, tissue availability may be limited in some patients. Here, we evaluated sensitivity and specificity for recurrence detection, using a plasma-only ctDNA MRD assay.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>For this pilot study, 47 plasma samples from 38 EBC patients were collected at 12 or 36 months post-diagnosis or at clinical recurrence. ctDNA presence was determined by a custom bioinformatics classifier that identifies tumor-derived somatic variants and methylation profiles specific to individual cancer types using a 5-Mb next-generation sequencing panel.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ctDNA was detected at or before distant recurrence in 11/14 (79%) patients [sensitivity was 85% (11/13) among samples collected within 2 years from recurrence]. Lead time was evaluable in 4/6 (67%) samples collected before distant recurrence with detectable ctDNA and ranged from 3.4 to 18.5 months. ctDNA was not detected in samples from patients without recurrence (<em>n</em> = 13).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates the feasibility of MRD detection in EBC using a plasma-only multiomic ctDNA-based approach. Larger studies are ongoing to further validate the clinical performance of the assay and demonstrate its applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11877,"journal":{"name":"ESMO Open","volume":"10 4","pages":"Article 104296"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global health inequalities in female-specific cancers from 1990 to 2021: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","authors":"X. Shu ,&nbsp;Y. Meng ,&nbsp;J. Yang ,&nbsp;S. Cui ,&nbsp;F. Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104512","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11877,"journal":{"name":"ESMO Open","volume":"10 4","pages":"Article 104512"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors response to Letter re: The pathway alteration load is a pan-cancer determinant of outcome of targeted therapies: results from the Drug Rediscovery Protocol (DRUP) molecular complexity and response to targeted therapy","authors":"K. Verkerk ,&nbsp;E.E. Voest","doi":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11877,"journal":{"name":"ESMO Open","volume":"10 4","pages":"Article 104515"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How we treat patients with metastatic uveal melanoma","authors":"E.F. Saldanha ,&nbsp;M.F. Ribeiro ,&nbsp;I. Hirsch ,&nbsp;A. Spreafico,&nbsp;S.D. Saibil ,&nbsp;M.O. Butler","doi":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esmoop.2025.104496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Uveal melanoma is the most prevalent and aggressive intraocular malignancy affecting adults. Compared with cutaneous melanoma, uveal melanoma has distinct pathogenesis and molecular characteristics. Not surprisingly, it derives limited benefits from checkpoint inhibitors. Until recently, no systemic therapy had impacted survival outcomes for this patient population. Tebentafusp, a T-cell receptor-based molecule, is the first US Food and Drug Administration/European Medicines Agency-approved systemic therapy to improve the survival outcomes for uveal melanoma patients expressing HLA-A∗02:01. Only 45%-50% of this patient population will express the HLA-A∗02:01, however, and therefore are eligible to receive this novel treatment. Moreover, global access to tebentafusp is limited, and there are no guidelines to aid clinicians in decision-making regarding treatment. In this review, we outline our experience as Canada's largest tertiary referral centre in managing metastatic uveal melanoma patients and provide a comprehensive overview of the currently available treatment options, challenging scenarios, and ongoing clinical trials for patients with metastatic uveal melanoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11877,"journal":{"name":"ESMO Open","volume":"10 4","pages":"Article 104496"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}