Ethiopian Journal of Health Development最新文献

{"title":"Availability of Free Drug Provision for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at the Outpatient Level in the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"Ansar Kablaev, Zh A Dauletkalieva, Sh. S. Kalieva","doi":"10.32921/2225-9929-2022-2-46-4-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2022-2-46-4-12","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study: To analyze the availability of free drug provision for patients with type 2 diabetes at the outpatient level in the Republic of Kazakhstan.Methods: in this work, a comparative analysis of the drug provision of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was carried out within the framework of the list of outpatient drug provision and the clinical protocol for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A pharmacoeconomic analysis was also carried out in terms of calculating the annual cost of pharmacotherapy with drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Results. 42 types of medicines are included in the clinical protocol for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, of which 24 international nonproprietary names for the treatment of type 2 diabetes are included in the List of free outpatient drug provision (6 oral combinations are also possible). Thus, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Republic of Kazakhstan have access to 71% of medicines from the clinical protocol for free drug provision.The cost of annual therapy with sitagliptin and alogpliptin is cheaper than analogues, and the results of efficacy and safety are comparable, the inclusion of these drugs in the list of free drug provision will also make it possible to make 2 oral combinations, which will increase the availability of free outpatient drug provision for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and increase this show up to 81%.Conclusions. For patients with type 2 diabetes, 30 types of drugs are available for free outpatient drug provision, which is 71% of the drugs included in the clinical protocol.To increase accessibility, we consider it appropriate to include the drug alogliptin in the list of outpatient drug provision.Key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, availability of drug provision, pharmacotherapy, of type 2 diabetes mellitus","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82198114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of the Procedure for the Introduction of New Medical Technologies in Kazakhstan Based on the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation","authors":"Kapyshev Timur","doi":"10.32921/2225-9929-2021-1-41-48-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2021-1-41-48-53","url":null,"abstract":"The process of introduction of new medical technologies in Kazakhstan is regulated by a number of normative and legal acts, and is aimed at allowing the use of drugs and medical devices that meet high standards of safety, quality and efficiency. This article examines the process of such introduction based on the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation technology, with an analysis of all stages of the process and recommendations for its improvement. Given the high efficiency of new medical technologies (on the example of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation), when their limited use is due to the lack of funds of a medical organization, the involvement of additional intellectual resources seems expedient. Key words: Health Technology Assessment, Extracorporeal Life Support, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Health Service Assessment","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88212726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of factors affecting the psychoemotional status of medical workers in the context of COVID-19","authors":"Nargiz Akhmediyarova, G. Orazova, Roza Suleymenova, Farida Amirseitova, Yelena Gudym","doi":"10.32921/2225-9929-2021-2-42-25-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2021-2-42-25-31","url":null,"abstract":"During the COVID-19 pandemic, the main blow fell on medical institutions and medical workers working in them. Medical institutions (Healthcare facilities) are being rapidly restructured, and industry specialists are working in conditions that practically correspond to emergency situations. The manuscript examines the results of a study of the psychoemotional state of medical workers during the covid-19 pandemic and analyzes the socio-demographic, professional, organizational, psychological and psychosocial factors affecting their psychoemotional health. In general, the high intensity of symptoms of psychoemotional stress in medical workers working in conditions of a serious epidemic was more often observed in women compared to men, and in nurses compared to other categories of medical workers. It is noteworthy that there are few studies to assess the psychoemotional state of junior medical workers. Keywords: covid-19 pandemic, health workers, psychoemotional health, emotional stress","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88354211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the Rational Use of Medicines by Assessing Antibiotic Consumption to Solve the Problem of Antibiotic Resistance in the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"G. Zhussupova, Saule Zhaldybayeva, A.G. Skakova","doi":"10.32921/2225-9929-2021-40-31-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2021-40-31-35","url":null,"abstract":"The aim. Develop policy options to improve the rational use of medicines by assessing antibiotic consumption to address antibiotic resistance in the Republic of Kazakhstan. We used the data of the Republican Center for Healthcare Development’s report on the assessment of the consumption of antibiotics in the Republic of Kazakhstan, purchased by the Single Distributor within the guaranteed volume of free medical care for 2019, in comparison with the period 2017-2018. Three policy options have been developed: 1. Improving the rational prescription and use of antibacterial drugs. 2. Raising awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance issues through information policy and increased training 3. Strengthening control of prescription dispensing of antibacterial drugs in pharmacies. For each policy option, measures are identified to achieve them, as well as possible barriers. A combined implementation of each policy option is necessary, as this issue requires a systematic approach. The implementation of all points of measures will contribute to ensuring the use of antibacterials rationally, according to strict therapeutic indications, with an individual selection of dosages and will exclude self-medication with antibiotics, which in turn will help prevent antibiotic resistance in the future and will give a chance for effective, high-quality and successful treatment of bacterial infections. Key words: medicines, systemic antibiotics, consumption of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, rational use of medicines, Kazakhstan.","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87318072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altruistic behavior, personal and psychological well-being of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan","authors":"Aidos K. Bolatov, A. Askarova, Dilnoza Kakhkharova","doi":"10.32921/2225-9929-2021-4-44-42-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2021-4-44-42-49","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim. Due to the dire situation surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students from all over the world have been involved in the fight against the new virus. We aimed to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the medical students’ quality of life in the context of altruistic behavior.Methods. In total, 437 medical students from Astana Medical University and Kazakh-Russian Medical University participated in a cross-sectional study. Altruistic behavior was assessed to what extent the participants showed certain acts of altruism. To evaluate the immediate psychological impact of COVID-19, we conducted an online survey, using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Personal Well-being Index (PWI), and Academic Motivation Scale. Results. Female students showed a lower level of PWI and a higher level of Fear of COVID-19. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 14.4%, 18.1%, and 6.6%, respectively, and was correlated with Fear of COVID-19. Students with confirmed COVID-19, students with family members or friends with confirmed COVID-19, and students who lived with high-risk people had a high risk for low personal and psychological well-being. Altruistic behavior during the COVID-19 was associated with high PWI. Volunteering and providing medical care students demonstrated a higher level of personal and psychological well-being, and satisfaction with the profession. But, working in provisional hospitals was associated with symptoms of stress.Conclusion. Despite the negative impact of the COVID-19, altruistic behavior had a positive impact on medical students ‘quality of life","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"612 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77493935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Management System of the Social Health Insurance Fund of the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"Talgat Turmaganbet","doi":"10.32921/2225-9929-2021-3-43-41-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2021-3-43-41-47","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study: to assess the concept of restructuring the organizational structure of the management of the Social Health Insurance Fund of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Methods. In this research were used mixed methods of analysis, SWOT analysis, data grouping, and a systematic approach. To study the opinions of the participants in the process regarding the improvement of the organizational structure and ongoing business processes, an anonymous survey was conducted among the employees of the Social Health Insurance Fund.Results. There are certain advantages in the existing system of the Social Health Insurance Fund, such as clearly defined goals and objectives, as well as an organized system. However, there are several shortcomings in building the organizational structure of the Social Health Insurance Fund, which should be revised for more effective implementation. Moreover, temporary organizational structures should be applied to solve complex problems.Conclusions. In order to further improve the management system of the Social Health Insurance Fund, it is necessary to work out issues on further optimization of the levels of management of the organizational structure. Nevertheless, the Social Health Insurance Fund is already working to optimize the organizational structure","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80217181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Material and Technical Equipment of Healthcare Organizations in the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"A. Tuleubayeva, Z. Ospanova, E. Kaidar","doi":"10.32921/2225-9929-2021-3-43-35-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2021-3-43-35-40","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study: to conduct a comparative assessment of the equipment of medical organizations of the Republic of Kazakhstan with medical technology for the timely provision of medical care under the Mandatory Social Health Insurance and the Guaranteed volume of free medical care for 5 months of 2020 and 2021 at the level of outpatient and inpatient care.Methods. The paper analyzed data from 7,725 public health facilities in Kazakhstan (747 hospital facilities and 6,978 outpatient and polyclinic facilities) providing medical services. Results. For 5 months 2021 the level of medical technique equipment across the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of regions has increased by 2,9%. The level of depreciation of medical equipment decreased by 1.6%. The level of depreciation of medical equipment at the city and rural level for 5 months of 2021 was almost the same – 58.75% and 56.47%, respectively.Conclusions. In general, the level of medical equipment equipment has increased compared to the data for 5 months of 2020. However, there is a discrepancy between the data from the medical equipment management information system and the actual data provided by the regions, which makes it difficult to assess the existing real picture of the equipment of medical institutions in the country. In this regard, it is necessary to create systems to standardize and regulate the selection, procurement, use and management of these tools at the country level","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89761188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Improvement of Approaches to the Creating of the National Health Accounts in Connection with the Spread of COVID-19","authors":"E. Zabirova","doi":"10.32921/2225-9929-2021-1-41-99-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2021-1-41-99-104","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, National Health Accounts specialists are facing the problem of attributing new cost items related to the treatment and prevention of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection. The current international methodology developed in 2011 by OECD, WHO, and EuroStat specialists \"A System of Health Accounts 2011\" does not provide approaches to the attribution of health care costs aimed at preventing the pandemic. In this regard, there is an urgent need to review the basic approaches to the formation of costs in the Methodology and the construction of the National Health Accounts for 2021 already taking into account these costs. This article provides ways to address this problem and suggestions for including costs associated with treating and preventing the spread of coronavirus in the structure tables of the National Health Accounts. Keywords: National Health Accounts, pandemic, COVID-19","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83648488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applicability of the Clinical Care Classification in the Electronic Document Management of Nursing Staff to Improve the Efficiency of Medical Services in the Health System of the Republic of Kazakhstan: Policy Brief","authors":"Gulbanu Sarsembaikyzy, Zhanar Tyulyubayeva","doi":"10.32921/2225-9929-2021-40-36-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2021-40-36-43","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the nursing process is at the core of nursing education and practice, creating a scientific base for nursing care. The nursing process is one of the basic and integral concepts of the modern model of nursing service. This concept was given birth in the United States in the mid-50s and over the years of testing in clinical settings has proved its feasibility. In the health system, the professional group of secondary medical personnel is the most numerous and has a significant impact on ensuring the quality, availability of medical care, and efficiency of the entire system. Over the years, nurses from different countries have sought to gain recognition for their profession. The main goal was to establish the boundaries of their professional activities, the differences between medical and nursing duties, to create a terminological and conceptual apparatus of the profession and to determine the scientific method of providing nursing care to patients (clients). One of the most relevant areas of healthcare reforms in Kazakhstan is the development and expansion of the functions of nursing staff, including the maintenance of nursing documentation, the establishment of a nursing diagnosis, monitoring and management of patients, etc. What is the problem? 1. Lack of a single terminological and conceptual apparatus for all nurses; 2. Workload of general practitioners; 3. Implementation of patient attendance by nurses under the doctor's login; 4. Lack of payment to nurses for services rendered; 5. In appreciation of the role of the average medical worker in the treatment process; 6. Low potential in the nursing service. Policy options Scenario 1. Institutionalization of CCC in the health system of the Republic of Kazakhstan through the gradual introduction into information systems of the international classification of nursing diagnoses and nursing interventions in the practice of secondary medical workers. Scenario 2. Interaction of vertical links in the implementation of the CCC by making appropriate changes to regulatory legal acts. Scenario 3. Financing of nursing services by including nursing services in the medical services tariff. The vision for the implementation of the scenarios/policy options. Each of these policy options can contribute to improving the efficiency of providing medical care to the population, the status of secondary medical personnel, and the development of their critical thinking. However, given the different options in the direction of actions, resources and methods used, these policy options can provide a more significant achievement of the goal in improving the quality and effectiveness of introduction when they are implemented in association.","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81962373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Current Situation after the Introduction of Compulsory Social Health Insurance System іn Kazakhstan","authors":"Azamat Umertayev, Gulnara Kurenkeyeva","doi":"10.32921/2225-9929-2021-1-41-82-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2021-1-41-82-92","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study: To assess the current state, the balance of functions and development trends of Social Health Insurance Fund NJSC. Methods. In order to study the level of awareness of the population about the implementation of the compulsory social health insurance system (CSHI), a mass survey was conducted twice during 2019 (in May and September) with a total sample of 2,150 respondents, including all regions of Kazakhstan. Also, within the framework of the study, such indicators of the activity of the Social Health Insurance Fund as the availability of funding for 2019-2020, the amount of funding by service providers, and coverage of the population were analyzed. Results. There is a positive trend in the compulsory health insurance system: awareness of the population is growing; the population positively assesses the changes in the provision of health services; there is a twofold increase in PHC visits; the share of private spending on health is twice the ceiling recommended by WHO; the level of coverage of the population with the compulsory health insurance system is quite high - 84%. However, about 3 million of the country's citizens remain uncovered. Conclusions. It is necessary to create a system for monitoring the effectiveness of the implementation of compulsory health insurance on the basis of information systems with the further adoption of managerial decisions both at the regional level and at the republican level. The introduction of mechanisms for proactive monitoring of the quality of medical care will protect the rights of patients, as well as improve feedback with them. Key words: Compulsory social health insurance, Medical services, Health care financing, Kazakhstan","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85124931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}