{"title":"Availability and Spatial Inequality of Rural Infrastructure in Jungle Mahal Blocks of Purulia District, India","authors":"Uttam Kumar Patra, S. Paul","doi":"10.1177/23210249211008272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23210249211008272","url":null,"abstract":"Rural infrastructure is fundamental and central to the concept of quality of life as well as human development. The major characteristic of regional development is the constant widening of regional disparity in India after different plan period. Various Finance Commissions and Planning Commissions laid emphasis on the objective of achieving balanced regional development. The article identifies a gap in terms of education, health, communication and financial infrastructure in the study of panchayats of Jungle Mahal blocks. Mapping of regional disparities can aid in effective policymaking at the preliminary stage of planning. Panchayat level inequality has been analysing using dimension index and principal component analysis (PCA). Wide disparities in the availability of rural infrastructure have been pointed out and proper recommendation has also been made to minimise the gap in spatial inequality.","PeriodicalId":118277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Land and Rural Studies","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127608300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Climate Change Adaptation in Akropong, Ghana: Experiences of Female Smallholder Farmers","authors":"Michael Addaney, G. Sarpong, J. A. Akudugu","doi":"10.1177/23210249211008537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23210249211008537","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines smallholder women farmers’ awareness of climatic factors and the adaptation strategies to climate change events and how they influence their farming methods. A household survey was conducted on 50 smallholder women farmers at Akropong in the Nkoranza South Municipality in the forest-savannah transition zone of Ghana. The survey was complemented with in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that women farmers use multiple adaptation strategies such as creating fire belts to prevent fire outbreak in the dry season, creating channels on their farmland to prevent erosion, planting crops that can withstand excessive rain and drought and mixed cropping to overcome livelihood challenges resulting from climatic factors. The article therefore argues for an in-depth research and intensive education as a targeted intervention in understanding climate change and training women smallholder farmers on adaptation strategies to overcome climatic elements affecting farming and food production which serve as their main livelihood.","PeriodicalId":118277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Land and Rural Studies","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132490357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kolapo Adetomiwa, Abimbola Esther Iseoluwa, Omilaju Samuel Babatunde
{"title":"Land Tenure, Land Property Rights and Adoption of Bio-fortified Cassava in Nigeria: Policy Implications","authors":"Kolapo Adetomiwa, Abimbola Esther Iseoluwa, Omilaju Samuel Babatunde","doi":"10.1177/23210249211001988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23210249211001988","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated land tenure, land right and rental system, as it relates to adoption of bio-fortified cassava in Nigeria. The study was conducted in three states in Nigeria where bio-fortified cassava technology was first released in Nigeria including Oyo, Benue and Akwa Ibom. Multistage sampling techniques were used to select 360 bio-fortified cassava farmers. Descriptive statistics, t-test and Cragg’s double hurdle model were used to analyse the data collected. The land tenure system practised in the bio-fortified cassava-producing areas in Nigeria is governed by inheritance (23%), purchasing (19.7), gifting (31.7) and temporary arrangements through rentals (25.6%). The tenant bio-fortified cassava farmers pay about ₦31,000 per acre per year in land for cash agreement or 4%–7% of the actual yield of the bio-fortified cassava in land for cassava outputs agreements. However, this agreement between the landlords and tenant bio-fortified cassava farmers is verbal where both parties try as much as possible to honour the agreements. Variables such as access to credit, landownership status, access to bio-fortified cassava stems and extension contacts influenced the decision to adopt bio-fortified cassava technology, while age, perception and training influenced the intensity of adoption of bio-fortified cassava technology. The result of the t-test analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the farm sizes (34739.467 at 1%) and yields (0.593 at 1%) of the landlords and tenant bio-fortified cassava farmers. The findings of the study indicated that tenant bio-fortified cassava farmers were being faced with the problem of insecure land access, thus the need to implement policies that will increase access to land resources among the tenant farmers in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":118277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Land and Rural Studies","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128906936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distress Migration Among Ultra-poor Households in Western Odisha","authors":"S. N. Tripathy","doi":"10.1177/23210249211001975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23210249211001975","url":null,"abstract":"Consequent upon loss of employment and income due to frequent incidence of droughts, the marginal farmers, land less agricultural labourers and the poverty-stricken weaker sections of population migrate to developed regions in search of employment as a survival strategy. Trickle Up, as a part of its commitment towards reduction of extreme poverty, has been implementing the ‘graduation model’ 1 in many countries in Asia. In Odisha, since the year 2015, TU, in collaboration with Odisha Livelihood Mission (OLM), has been operating the graduation model at Bangomunda block in Balangir district (Odisha) to mitigate distress migration among the ultra-poor households. 2 An attempt has been made in this study to analyse the socio-economic impact of TU–OLM intervention of programmes on distress migrants in western Odisha.","PeriodicalId":118277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Land and Rural Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127306515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Securing Insecure Livelihoods Through Group Synergies: The Case of Violent Namatala Transboundary Wetlandin Rural Eastern Uganda","authors":"Constance Mudondo, R. Kabumbuli, D. W. Batega","doi":"10.1177/23210249211008536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23210249211008536","url":null,"abstract":"This article uses evidence from Namatala wetland in Eastern Uganda to examine the livelihood insecurity associated with wetland conflicts and highlights the implications of group synergies in securing the related insecurities affecting access and use of the violent wetlands and livelihoods. Adopting a qualitative approach, data was generated using eight focus group discussions and 12 key informant interviews in Namatala conflict area, in Eastern Uganda. The findings reveal that the unpredictable brutal conflict actions in Namatala wetland compelled people to construct groups as informal mechanisms of navigating the insecure environments to secure livelihoods. The groups acted as a pool of labour, a means of maintaining employment, buffers against attack, financial safety valves and sources of predictive information gathering and sharing. Invoking the theory of practice, the article demonstrates that people experiencing conflicts make sense of their violent environments and devise informal group synergies as adaptive mechanisms of securing and sustaining their livelihoods.","PeriodicalId":118277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Land and Rural Studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125301381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plural Values of Land: An Empirical Investigation","authors":"Sattwick Dey Biswas","doi":"10.1177/2321024920968333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2321024920968333","url":null,"abstract":"The political economy of our time asserts that value equates to monetary price. This tendency to equate value in terms of monetary price continues in case of the value of land. An understanding of plural values of land encourages us to look beyond monetary price. The article considers two land acquisition cases in India, as a source of empirical data to demonstrate the existence of plural value of land and limitations of monetary price–based valuation theory.","PeriodicalId":118277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Land and Rural Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115658688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Menard Musendekwa, Munyaradzi Tinarwo, Rumbidzayi Chakauya, E. Chakauya
{"title":"Beyond Land Redistribution: A Case for Stewardship in Land Reform","authors":"Menard Musendekwa, Munyaradzi Tinarwo, Rumbidzayi Chakauya, E. Chakauya","doi":"10.1177/2321024920968315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2321024920968315","url":null,"abstract":"The right to own and derive value out of the land, (cf. ownership) is a human right enshrined in the constitution of most democratic countries. Land reform is arguably the most emotional, socio-economic, and political subject of the colonial and post-colonial era of the African continent. It is a subject that has remained sacred and a taboo creating a fertile ground for protracted political, social, economic, and religious conflicts. Many African indigenous communities are genuinely struggling to address inequality and deprivation. Despite the overwhelming economic demand to address the land question, only a handful of African countries have been bold enough to tackle the issue head-on, sometimes with dire consequences. In the current article, we use the Zimbabwe land reform programme as a case and through a biblical lens show cause for land not just as a commodity where belonging is the ultimate deciding factor but rather emphasise ownership by stewardship. This perspective is compatible with modern systems of governance, ubuntu in the African traditional culture, and encourage efficiency of production to achieve food security despite the polarised discourse of land reform in most countries.","PeriodicalId":118277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Land and Rural Studies","volume":"121 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132477683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Reuter, Sarbjeet Singh, A. Sinha, Shalina Mehta
{"title":"Land Grab Practices and a Threat to Livelihood and Food Security in India? A Case Study from Aerocity Expansion Project from S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab","authors":"T. Reuter, Sarbjeet Singh, A. Sinha, Shalina Mehta","doi":"10.1177/2321024920968328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2321024920968328","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural dominant societies in India have slowly shifted from traditional agricultural practices to modern infrastructural development. The recent trend of developing high-tech cities is an effort by the Punjab government to bring additional investment to the state and boost its economy. But to do that at the expense of highly fertile agricultural land is a debatable proposition. One of the most recent ventures towards this objective is the kind of development being initiated in the vicinity of Chandigarh and Mohali by Greater Mohali Area Development Authority (GMADA)—an Aerocity Expansion project. This article will focus on Patton, Kurai and Seon—three out of 14 villages where 1,305 acres of land have been proposed to be acquired. This article explores blatant land grab practices by the state authority in the name of development, which act as barriers to the food security and threaten the livelihood of those whose land will be acquired in the near future. The study will further focus on people’s perception of the new development project initiated by GMADA.","PeriodicalId":118277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Land and Rural Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130902944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implementation of the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Rights) Act 2006 in Jharkhand: Problems and Challenges","authors":"G. Sahu","doi":"10.1177/2321024920968334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2321024920968334","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to examine the nature and process of implementation of the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Rights) Act 2006 and the challenges at the enforcement level in the state of Jharkhand. To this end, this article assesses the status and trend of forest rights recognition in the state by reviewing the existing forest rights claim database and unravels the challenges of forest rights enforcement based on information from 12 villages in 3 districts—Ranchi, Godda and Hazaribagh. The analysis indicates that recognition of forest rights claim is uneven, non-transparent and stagnant in Jharkhand. Some of the major factors for this state of affairs are: the ambiguous role of implementing agencies, lack of financial and human resources at the district and sub-divisional levels, absence of a dedicated tribal department, no horizontal integration within and among implementing agencies and failure of state administration to provide an opportunity for participation in recognising forest rights claimants.","PeriodicalId":118277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Land and Rural Studies","volume":"30 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130233604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Land Administration Reforms: Institutional Design for Land Registration System in Ghana","authors":"S. Biitir, A. Miller, Cynthia Itbo Musah","doi":"10.1177/2321024920968326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2321024920968326","url":null,"abstract":"Securing land rights and the rationalisation of the debate on formalisation of land rights through titling have been the focus of many scholars for some time now. At least, there is consensus among most scholars that land registration is one of the ways of addressing these issues and that current land registration system in most developing countries needs reforms. This paper examines the design and implementation processes of land registration reforms in Ghana. Using the Greater Accra Regional Lands Commission as a case study and institutional design theories, the article analysed how land registration reforms were design and implemented. The paper shows that the design strategies for the reforms were harmonisation of policies and laws and organisation restructuring at the organisational and process levels, but staff resistance to change led to implementation flaws. The paper recommends that institution design of land registration reforms must be combined with the theory of change where all staff are taken through the new organisation’s work ethics and attitudinal change processes adequately.","PeriodicalId":118277,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Land and Rural Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134007842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}