Equine Veterinary Journal最新文献

{"title":"A novel flowable calcium silicate cement for endodontic therapy in equine teeth.","authors":"Kirsten Jackson, Ebony Quintrell, Carsten Staszyk, William Ha, Erin Kelty, Diana Patalwala, George Bogen","doi":"10.1002/evj.70176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evj.70176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Equine endodontic treatment for apical infections is performed infrequently due to anatomical and accessibility challenges of equine cheek teeth. However, the alternative of extraction is not without risk and lifelong implications for the horse. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), a calcium silicate cement (CSC), has been used successfully in human dentistry for decades. MTA and other CSCs demonstrate excellent biocompatibility with favourable antimicrobial and physicochemical properties. These characteristics may support their application as an alternative filling material when used in equine endodontics. This study examined the use of a novel flowable CSC, equine (eCSC), as a canal obturation material for equine cheek teeth.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study is to investigate the volume percentage fill of cheek teeth pulp canals using eCSC compared to traditional obturation with calcium hydroxide paste (CHP).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This is an in vitro experiment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten extracted teeth with open pulps and impacted feed were endodontically treated. Nine teeth were filled with eCSC and one with CHP after chemomechanical preparation and irrigation. The teeth were examined under micro-CT to determine the percentage fill and histologically assessed for dentine adaptation and the presence of material voids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average percentage fill with eCSC was 88.1% (SD ±3.9%) and ranged from 82.7% to 94.7%. The control tooth treated with CHP had a root canal filling volume of 83%. Histological assessment revealed black staining of the circumpulpar dentine with dark particles identified within the dentinal tubules, indicating intracanal penetration by eCSC.</p><p><strong>Main limitations: </strong>This was a limited in vitro study with only one control tooth and does not address biological responses or clinical outcomes in vivo.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>eCSC can be used to obturate equine teeth and appears to achieve a percentage fill density comparable to CHP. Moreover, histological samples reveal excellent marginal adaptation to dentine, suggesting eCSC promotes penetration and possible mineralisation of dentinal tubules.</p>","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dexmedetomidine infusions improve cardiovascular and renal function in anaesthetised, experimentally endotoxaemic horses.","authors":"Sera Lee, Rachel C Hector, Lynn Pezzanite, Eric Gilleland, Marlis L Rezende","doi":"10.1002/evj.70173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evj.70173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dexmedetomidine infusions are beneficial in anaesthetised endotoxaemic horses when administered concurrent to endotoxin, but post-conditioning effects are unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate whether a dexmedetomidine infusion is beneficial in horses administered Escherichia coli O55:B5 lipopolysaccharides (LPS) endotoxin prior to anaesthesia.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Randomised controlled in vivo experiment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten systemically healthy horses were instrumented for acquisition of cardiac index (CI) using thermodilution. Horses received IV LPS (0.1 μg/kg bwt) immediately prior to anesthesia. Horses received IV xylazine (control, LPS; n = 5) or dexmedetomidine (treatment, LPS-Dex; n = 5), followed by IV ketamine and midazolam and sevoflurane in oxygen. In LPS-Dex, dexmedetomidine (1.75 μg/kg bwt/h IV) was administered and target end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was reduced (1.8% vs. 3% LPS). Cardiopulmonary function, acid-base, cytokine, and creatinine values were assessed every 30 min for 180 min. Data were compared between groups using mixed model analysis (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean ± standard deviation CI was significantly higher in LPS-Dex at 30 and 60 min (57.9 ± 15.6 mL/min/kg bwt versus 43.1 ± 9.4, 30 min, p = 0.03; 60.2 ± 11.8 mL/min/kg bwt versus 38.9 ± 11.2, 60 min, p = 0.003). Creatinine was elevated and significantly higher in LPS from 90 min onward but remained normal in LPS-Dex throughout (201 ± 38 μmol/L versus 124 ± 26, 180 min, p = 0.003). Significantly improved base excess values were seen in LPS-Dex at 150 and 180 min (2.9 ± 2 mmol/L versus 0.6 ± 1, 150 min, p = 0.03; 3.4 ± 1.96 mmol/L versus 0.6 ± 1.41, 180 min, p = 0.01). Cytokine concentrations were similar between groups.</p><p><strong>Main limitations: </strong>The experimental protocol is not representative of all surgical colics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dexmedetomidine infusion and concurrent reduction in inhalant anaesthetic could benefit anaesthetic management of horses even when endotoxaemia is already present.</p>","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147812586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma metabolomic profiling during peri-parturition in healthy Thoroughbred mares.","authors":"Junjie Li, Touko Matsumoto, Hong Liu, Chunmei Li, Harutaka Murase, Yuki Yamamoto, Kentaro Nagaoka","doi":"10.1111/evj.14550","DOIUrl":"10.1111/evj.14550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate prediction of the timing of parturition is crucial to ensure the health and well-being of both mares and foals. However, equine pregnancies are characterised by significant variability in gestation length, unique endocrine mechanisms, and subtle physiological changes before parturition.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the characteristic changes in the peripheral metabolites of mares before and after parturition using metabolomic approaches.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Longitudinal in vivo metabolic study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma samples (n = 95) were collected from successfully foaling Thoroughbred mares (n = 9) from 4 days before to 7 days after parturition, and a non-targeted metabolomic analysis was performed using GC-MS. PCA and hierarchical clustering analysis were used to compare different groups. Repeated measures ANOVA (RMANOVA) was employed to identify the various metabolites. Enrichment analysis was performed to find the related metabolomic pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PCA and hierarchical clustering analysis demonstrated cluster separation between pre-parturition, parturition, and post-parturition. RMANOVA revealed significant differences in 62 metabolites across all time points (False Discovery Rate <0.05). These metabolites were significantly enriched in multiple metabolic pathways, including valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis; galactose metabolism; arginine biosynthesis; valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. Among these metabolites, glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) showed interesting changes that increased 3 days before parturition.</p><p><strong>Main limitations: </strong>The number of animals and samples included in this study was limited, and the reproductive history of the mares was not considered. In addition, this study did not conduct quantitative research to determine the specific concentrations and ranges of the key metabolites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>G3P is a potential biomarker for predicting parturition. This research provides new insights into mares' periparturition blood metabolic changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":"837-844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of the efficacy of three commercial human embryo vitrification kits for cryopreservation of in vivo produced equine embryos.","authors":"Sandra Wilsher, Ann Ismer, Agustina Grippo, Maarten Hoogewijs, Pedro Bussade, Sofia Kovacsy","doi":"10.1111/evj.14539","DOIUrl":"10.1111/evj.14539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Different cryoprotectants can influence the ability of embryos to successfully survive vitrification and subsequent warming before transfer.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare pregnancy rates for embryos ≤500 μm vitrified, without puncture or aspiration of the blastocoele cavity, with one of three commercial human embryo vitrification kits containing the same penetrating cryoprotectants (DMSO and EG) but varying in their non-penetrating cryoprotectants (NPCPAs; sucrose, trehalose, dextran serum supplement [DSS], and hydroxypropyl cellulose [HPC]).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>In vivo experiments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Embryos (n = 108) were vitrified using either a Kitazato (NPCPAs = trehalose, hydroxypropyl cellulose), Vit Kit Freeze (NPCPAs = sucrose, DSS), or Vit Kit Freeze NX (NPCPAs = trehalose, DSS) vitrification kit by exposing each embryo to kit-specific equilibration solution for 15 min, before the vitrification solution for ≤90 sec including loading onto a Cryolock device, which was capped and plunged into LN2. All embryos were warmed in the same media by placing the Cryolock tip into 1 mL of 1.0 M sucrose in a HEPES-based medium (1 min), followed by 0.5 M sucrose (4 min) and then commercial Holding medium (4 min) before transfer to a Day 6 recipient mare. For each kit, embryos were divided by size into three groups (G1 ≤ 300 μm; G2 > 300-400 μm; G3 > 400-500 μm; n = 8-14/group/kit).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pregnancy rates were equivalent for the Kitazato, Vit Kit Freeze, and Vit Kit Freeze NX kits for embryos in G1 (12/14 [85.7%] vs. 8/11 [72.7%] vs. 7/8 [87.5%], respectively, p = 0.63) and for G2 (10/12 [83.3%] vs. 10/11 [90.9%] vs. 9/11 [81.8%], respectively, p = 0.81). For G3 embryos, pregnancy rates were higher for the Kitazato versus either of the other kits (10/14 [71.4%] vs. 3/12 [21.4%] vs. 2/14 [14.3%], respectively, p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Main limitations: </strong>Limited numbers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Different non-penetrating/extracellular cryoprotectants can influence the success of vitrifying equine embryos 400-500 μm. The combination of trehalose and hydroxypropyl cellulose appears to be beneficial in this respect.</p>","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":"857-864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The proteomic differences and expression of fatty acid-binding protein 6 (FABP6) associated with gastrointestinal injury in horses with oral administration of a clinical dose of phenylbutazone.","authors":"Ruethaiwan Vinijkumthorn, Nawarus Prapaiwan, Thanapon Chotikaprakal, Phirom Prompiram, Narumon Phaonakrop, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Parichart Tesena","doi":"10.1111/evj.14538","DOIUrl":"10.1111/evj.14538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phenylbutazone (PBZ) can potentially induce gastrointestinal ulceration, and early detection of PBZ-induced gastroenteropathy will be useful for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of PBZ toxicity.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify putative proteins associated with equine gastric ulcer syndrome after clinical dose (4.4 mg/kg) administration of PBZ by proteomic study.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>In vivo experiments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Proteomic analysis using LC-MS/MS compared protein expression in serum and faeces of seven PBZ-treated horses with seven placebo-treated controls, and a novel putative biomarker was validated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) analysis on 5298 serum annotated proteins and 3538 faecal annotated proteins using the DESeq2 were performed between the control and treatment of EGUS groups. The results showed a list of 226 and 181 significant proteins in serum and faecal samples, respectively with a p adjust value <0.05. The proteomic serum and faeces samples were integrated into STITCH to illustrate PBZ interaction with bile acid homeostasis. FABP6 was significantly increased in PBZ-treated horses. The serum FABP6 concentration in the treatment group on Day 8 (1.80 ± 0.37 ng/mL) was higher than on Day 0 (1.15 ± 0.33 ng/mL, p = 0.01, 95% CI [-1.07, -0.25]). On Day 8, the serum FABP6 concentration in the treatment group was also higher than the control group (1.20 ± 0.48 ng/mL; p = 0.02, 95% CI [-1.10, -0.11]).</p><p><strong>Main limitations: </strong>Validation of all expressed proteins is a main limitation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Administration of PBZ at a clinical dose of 4.4 mg/kg twice daily for 7 days may cause gastric mucosal damage. PBZ treatment increased the expression of SLC10A1 and FABP6, suggesting that early gastric mucosal injury may be linked to the bile acid pathway. Bile acids could potentially exacerbate PBZ-induced EGUS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":"845-856"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13041594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Science-in-brief: Finite element modelling and mechanical testing techniques in musculoskeletal applications.","authors":"Chloe Brekhus, Lynn Pezzanite, Kirk McGilvray, Ben Gadomski","doi":"10.1002/evj.70155","DOIUrl":"10.1002/evj.70155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":"658-663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147376556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on 'Spontaneous regression of equine sarcoids is an exceptional event'.","authors":"Christoph Koch, Maarten Haspeslagh, Ann Martens, Vince Gerber, Luci Unger","doi":"10.1002/evj.70165","DOIUrl":"10.1002/evj.70165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD8+ T-cells, CD86+ macrophages and TNF-α signalling pathways are correlated with fetlock osteoarthritis in racehorses.","authors":"E J Secor, E N Chow, M Thomas, L Johnson, A Siefert, B Wagner, J B Engiles, H L Reesink","doi":"10.1002/evj.70168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evj.70168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is emerging evidence for the role of the immune system in osteoarthritis (OA) pathophysiology; however, little is known about how immune cells and the synovial transcriptome are altered in naturally occurring equine OA.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate synovial fluid (SF) and synovial membrane (SM) immune cell populations and the SM transcriptome in racehorses with fetlock OA.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional cadaver study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fetlock joints from racehorses euthanised at NY racetracks were considered for inclusion. SF and SM were analysed by flow cytometry using T-cell (CD3, CD4, CD8) and macrophage (CD14, CD86, CD206) surface markers. OA severity was characterised by gross joint evaluation and SM histology. Bulk RNA-sequencing of SM was performed to identify differentially expressed genes. Flow cytometry data were analysed with mixed linear modelling, including OA severity as a fixed effect and horse as a random effect. RNA-sequencing data were evaluated with mixed linear and quadratic modelling using DREAMSeq method to capture differential gene expression over the range of OA severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four fetlocks from 12 horses met inclusion criteria. CD8+ T-cells (R² = 0.25 for SM, 0.35 for SF) and CD86+ macrophages (R² = 0.14 for SM) were positively correlated with OA severity, while CD4+ T-cells (R² = 0.17 for SM, 0.31 for SF) were negatively correlated. Macrophages co-expressing CD86 and CD206 correlated with OA severity in SM (R² = 0.31). Pathways including those associated with TNF-α signalling, connective tissue development and cell and neuron projection organisation/development were differentially regulated in SM with greater OA scores.</p><p><strong>Main limitations: </strong>Limited sample size, particularly of horses with severe OA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CD8+ T-cells, CD86+ macrophages and macrophages co-expressing CD206 and CD86 are enriched in horses with more advanced OA. Gene set analysis suggests the importance of TNF-α signalling and disinhibition of neuron and cell projection development in OA pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of a stall-side immunoglobulin assay for use in equine reproductive management.","authors":"L Moore, A McLain, S H McDowell, C J Ledgerwood, E Bailie, M A Nesbit, T Moore","doi":"10.1002/evj.70172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evj.70172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Equine foals receive IgG from mare colostrum through passive transfer. Failure of passive transfer (FPT) is a significant risk to the foal's life, leaving them vulnerable to infection and sepsis. Radial Immunodiffusion (RID) and immunoturbidimetric assays quantify IgG present in a foal sample but require a laboratory to complete. Accurate, reproducible, stall-side testing to rapidly quantify IgG would allow for expedited clinical decisions, with potential to improve equine foal care and survival.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the analytical and clinical performance of a stall-side IgG lateral-flow test and reader (Sidekick), assessing its use as a point-of-care (POC) test to provide reliable results and agreement of IgG quantification with gold-standard methods.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stall-side LFD IgG test (Sidekick) was assessed with serial diluted foal sample (0.8-20 g/L, three replicates) and Stall-side LFD was compared to RID and Immunoturbidimetric assay. Serum/plasma samples from 10 foals created two cohorts, one representing successful passive transfer and one representing failed passive transfer. Agreement in IgG quantification between matched blood and plasma samples by the stall-side LFD was tested in three foals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Stall-side LFD IgG test showed excellent recovery and high repeatability, 96.3%-109.5% across the clinically relevant range of 4-8 g/L (CV% 3.7-10). Overall, there was strong agreement with the reference method and strong agreement between matched whole-blood and plasma samples.</p><p><strong>Main limitations: </strong>Small cohort (10 foals).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The stall-side IgG assay (Sidekick) delivers repeatable results enabling on-the-spot decisions and reducing delays from sample processing, transport and result reporting, with potential to enable informed decision-making on whether to initiate or continue treatment for a foal with FPT.</p>","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of articular cartilage repair techniques and their application in the horse.","authors":"Charlotte K Barton, Brad B Nelson, Laurie R Goodrich","doi":"10.1002/evj.70162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evj.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Articular cartilage lesions represent a significant career-limiting problem in athletic horses. A healthy articular cartilage surface is vital for optimal joint function, and defects can result in irreversible degenerative changes. Successful treatment of cartilage lesions remains a long-standing challenge for orthopaedic surgeons, prompting ongoing research into new surgical techniques for their management. This narrative review describes surgical procedures for the treatment of cartilage/osteochondral lesions, as well as the use of the horse as a highly translational preclinical model to humans, resulting in the advancement of repair techniques for both horses and humans alike. The review encompasses both traditional techniques such as debridement and microfracture, as well as newly developed techniques and cellular therapies such as osteochondral transplantation, cell transplantation, and biologic or synthetic scaffolds. The efficacy and limitations of these approaches, as well as recent advances in the development of new biomaterials, cellular therapies, and surgical implants that are shaping the future of cartilage repair, are discussed. While there is no existing treatment that can restore normal cartilage structure and function, newly developed treatments have shown an improved quality of repair tissue experimentally. However, the translation to improved patient outcomes lags behind.</p>","PeriodicalId":11796,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}