Engineering Research Express最新文献

{"title":"Efficient and novel multidomain feature analysis model with incremental optimizations for enhancing pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome detection","authors":"K Srilakshmi and Venkata Lakshmi D","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad722a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad722a","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are complicated, thus early and accurate diagnosis is essential for treatment planning and patient care. Diagnostic processes often use discrete data domain analysis, which reduces accuracy and delays diagnosis. This work addresses these limitations by introducing an advanced Multi domain Feature Analysis Model (MFAM) enhanced with incremental optimizations to improve pediatric MDS detection. Traditional pediatric MDS diagnosis relies on subjective evaluations and limited data fusion, not modern computational methods. These constraints may reduce diagnosis accuracy and postpone action. The proposed MFAM integrates data from Clinical History, Physical Examination, Blood Cell Counts, Peripheral Blood Smear, Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy, Cytogenetic Analysis, Flow Cytometry, Genetic Testing, Iron Studies, and Bone Marrow Cytology to overcome these challenges. The MFAM increases feature variance by fusing Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) with Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units (BiGRU). Deep Q Learning with Graph Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks (DQGRCNN) boosts efficiency. Additionally, the model integrates the Vector Autoregressive Moving Average with Exogenous Inputs (VARMAX) to facilitate early prediction of paediatric MDS. These enhancements have resulted in significant improvements in the precision of paediatric MDS detection by 4.5%, accuracy by 3.5%, recall by 2.3%, Area Under the Curve (AUC) by 1.5%, and specificity by 2.4% while reducing diagnostic delays by 8.5%. Furthermore, the model enhances the precision of predictive analysis by 2.9%, accuracy by 3.5%, recall by 2.5%, AUC by 2.9%, specificity by 5.5%, and reduces delays in predictive analysis by 8.5%. The MFAM presented in this paper revolutionizes the diagnosis and treatment of paediatric MDS by efficiently combining diverse diagnostic data, employing advanced transformation and fusion techniques, and optimizing responses through DQGRCNN. The integration of VARMAX further enables early prediction of the disease. MFAM will enhance diagnostic precision, therapy start, and clinical outcomes for young MDS patients.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating rim bending in fused silica micro shell resonators by a chamfered mold","authors":"Hoon Yu, Taeyun Kim, Seongmin Ju and Tae-Yoon Kwon","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad755b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad755b","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we addressed the bending of a micro shell resonator’s rim toward the stem during glass-blowing process. This phenomenon occurs due to increased heat loss at the mold’s edge and reduced heat flux at the side of the Gaussian heat source. To mitigate rim bending and the subsequent reduction in capacitance between the rim and 3D electrodes, which can degrade performance in micro glass-blown shell resonators for gyroscopes, we propose two potential mold solutions, using short-stem mold and chamfered mold. To quantitatively compare resonators created by these two types of molds, we calculated the noise factor for predicting its gyroscope performance. From these calculations, we find out that using the chamfered mold enables us to increase in the resonator’s effective mass, eigenfrequency, angular gain, and quality factor, consequently reducing the noise factor compared to using the short-stem mold. We also demonstrated these results by manufacturing shell resonators and measuring its vibrational characteristics. After metalization of the glass shell resonator, Q factor and eigen frequency of n = 2 vibration mode along the primary (secondary) axis were measured to 622,466 ± 6,427 (619,793 ± 6,402) and 4,343 ± 40 Hz (4,350 ± 40 Hz), respectively. This simulation process will assist us in getting insight into understanding a shell resonator as a gyroscope, designing a mold and determining experimental conditions.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance enhancement of PV array using successive ring adder algorithm based reconfiguration techniques","authors":"Arjun Kumar, Ruchi Agarwal","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad74c7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad74c7","url":null,"abstract":"The photovoltaic array’s output is decreased due to increase of mismatch losses (ML) under partial shading condition. Different row currents begin to flow from the PV modules as a result. Therefore, the panels must be reconfigured to minimize the row current differential in order to get the most power possible from the PV panel. This paper suggests Successive Ring Adder Algorithms (SRAA) to minimize the difference of row current. Under various shading patterns, the proposed scheme’s superiority is evaluated and contrasted with series-parallel (SP) and Total-Cross-Tied (TCT) configurations. The numerical outcomes demonstrate the superiority of the suggested algorithm. Additionally, unlike the recently reported reconfiguration techniques, it may be used with both square (9 × 9) and non-square (9 × 6) PV arrays. In comparison to SP and TCT configuration system, the maximum power generation has improved by 4.04% and 9.25%, respectively. In comparison to TCT (30.96%) and SP (37.52%), the ML was obtained with the lowest value i.e. 25.87%. The efficiency for a 9 × 9 PV array is measured at 13.18%, the highest among TCT (12.67%) and SP (12.07%) configurations. For non-squared (9 × 6) PV array arrangement, similar types of enhanced outcomes are produced.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of low-content crumb rubber modification on the performance of bitumen and asphalt","authors":"Waqas Haroon, Naveed Ahmad","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad7558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad7558","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of flexible pavements is greatly influenced by rutting, fatigue, and durability, leading to premature failures under environmental conditions. The limitations of traditional bitumen in flexible asphalt pavements are due to the significant rise in traffic loads and volumes. The reason for incorporating tire waste into bitumen is its incredible qualities and economical price as a bitumen modifier. The quality of crumb rubber (CR)-modified bitumen mainly depends on the concentration of low-content CR dispersed into the base bitumen. The primary target of this research is to modify the bitumen with low-content CR to improve the thermal properties, rheology, rutting resistance, fatigue resistance, and moisture-damaged performance. The three concentrations, i.e., 5%, 10%, and 15% of CR, were selected based on extensive preliminary trials when dispersed in conventional 60/70 penetration grade bitumen. The consistency and mixture test results concluded that the optimum dosage of CR-10% provides a 20% improvement in thermal performance, a 15% increase in rheological stability, a 25% enhancement in rutting resistance, a 30% boost in fatigue resistance, and a 10% reduction in moisture damage susceptibility. The inclusion of CR makes rubberized asphalt an attractive and effective solution for highway construction, aligning with sustainable construction practices. The findings demonstrate that low-content CR-modified asphalt improved the durability of asphalt mixtures against moisture-induced damage and other benefits, such as reduced cracking and maintenance requirements. The CR technology led to a significant subsidization in the environmental impact of asphalt paving from 5 to 10% compared to standard paving applications.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait planning based on bionic quadruped robot","authors":"Zhao Liu, Zhe Huang, Yuanhui Cui","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad7442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad7442","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the ankylosaurus, a four-legged robot structure with 14 degrees of freedom was designed in this study. The kinematic model was established using the Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) method. The inverse kinematics of the robot was analyzed, and the angle equations of each leg joint were obtained. In order to reduce the kinetic energy generated when leaving the ground and landing, the compound cycloid was modified. The modified foot curve effectively reduces energy and meets the kinematic requirements. On the basis of the foot trajectory, the diagonal leg phase difference was set to 0.5, and the diagonal gait was adopted as the gait of the bionic quadrupled robot. Simulink software was used to construct the simulation environment, and the maximum error of the simulation results and the theoretical step height was 2.05%, and the step length maximum error was 2.39%. During walking, the thigh joint angle was −92.82° to −80.21°, and the hip joint angle was 22.23° to 43.83°. Compared with the simulation trajectory and the theoretical curve, because the experiment did not consider the balance of the fuselage, there was a certain error when the leg was raised to the highest point. Overall, the gait planning strategy designed in this study basically achieves the expected effect, lays a certain foundation for the practical application of the bionic quadruped dinosaur robot, and also provides a reference for the subsequent research.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural safety of in-service motorway tunnel linings under defective conditions","authors":"Wenjia Yan, Bin Wang, Rongfeng Li, Zonghan Liu, Junni Li, Min Zhang, Peng Li","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad6ff1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad6ff1","url":null,"abstract":"The structural safety of in-service tunnel lining structures is assessed and calculated using a numerical simulation based on the damage statistics of a motorway tunnel to study the effects of the surrounding rock classification, defect type, defect location, and severity of defects on the lining. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) Void defects mainly exist in the shoulder section and account for 73% of the total defects, whereas insufficient thickness is primarily observed at the sidewalls, accounting for 52% of the total defects. (2) As the width clearance of the tunnel increases, the safety factor of each region on the lining structure is reduced to different extents. Voids in the crown section have the highest impact on the safety factor of the lining structure. When the maximum width exceeds 2 m, the safety factor is reduced by up to 91.92%. (3) When the tunnel lining is insufficiently thick, the influence of the defect generally does not extend beyond the defective area. The maximum reduction rates of the safety factors for the crown, shoulder, and sidewalls are 91.28%, 96.12%, and 90.48%, respectively. (4) Thickness defects are more prevalent than void defects. Compared with insufficient thickness defects, void defects more considerably affect the safety factor of the lining structure. Hence, the results of this study can provide an engineering basis for the operational status of in-service tunnels.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of process parameters on modified 316L SS surfaces prepared via hybrid powders mixed EDM","authors":"Iqtidar Ahmed Gul, Ahmad Majdi Abdul Rani, Fudhail Bin Abdul Munir, Md Al-Amin","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad74c8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad74c8","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the influence of hybrid powders (hydroxyapatite, manganese, copper, and carbon nanotube) mixed electric discharge machining (EDM) and coating process on 316L stainless steel (SS). An efficiently machined, hydrophilic, thin, and microporous surface is produced using variable discharge energies and powders weighted percentage suspended in the dielectric medium. The research outcome indicates that the hybrid powders mixed-EDM process synthesised a coating that substitutes the base elements with foreign elements of calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), copper (Cu), carbon (C), oxygen (O), and manganese (Mn). The surface wettability response of the coating displays a hydrophilic nature with a contact angle of 51.5° and surface energy of 52.9 mJ m⁻². The coated surface exhibited a roughness value of 3.201 μm, which is expected to promote osseointegration, and the material removal rate has been enhanced to an optimal value of 100.32 mg/min. The Taguchi design demonstrated that the powder mixing ratio, current intensity, and spark time are the most influential factors in the hybrid powders mixed EDM process. This study determines a novel multiple additives-assisted EDM method to synthesise a coating on 316L SS with potential benefits for biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of two-loop FOPID-FOPI controller for inverted cart-pendulum system","authors":"Arindam Mondal, Susmit Chakraborty","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad74ca","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad74ca","url":null,"abstract":"The inverted cart-pendulum system (ICPS) consists in having a pendulum mounted on a sliding cart, with the pivot point fixed. This real time experiment indeed looks like a rocket and its functionality is akin to a rocket. These are the launchers and the missile guidance and control as well as construction anti-seismic measures also. The control aim in these systems is to maintain the inverted pendulum vertically stable. The system is causal but unstable and, therefore, has no minimum phase. Therefore, the right half plane pole and zero are close to each other. Therefore, the stability of the system can be considered as problematic at some points. Unfortunately, linear time- invariant (LTI) classical controllers are incapable of offering suffient loop robustness for such systems. This paper aims to project a two-loop fractional order controller (2-LFOC) design to stabilize a higher-order nonlinear inverted cart-pendulum system (ICPS). The modeling, linearization, and control of ICPS are demonstrated in this work. The control target is adjusted so that the inverted pendulum stabilizes in its upright state when the cart reaches the required point. To fulfill the control objective, two-loop FOPID-FOPI controllers are proposed, and the Levenberg Marquardt algorithm (LMA) is utilized to tune the controllers. A novel nonlinear integral of time-associated absolute-error (ITAE) based fitness formula considering the settling time and rise time is used to fit the controller parameters for 2-LFOC. A performance comparison with the PID controller in terms of different time domain parameters such as rise_time (<italic toggle=\"yes\">T</italic>\u0000_{\u0000<italic toggle=\"yes\">R</italic>\u0000}), peak_time (<italic toggle=\"yes\">T</italic>\u0000_{\u0000<italic toggle=\"yes\">P</italic>\u0000}), settling_time (<italic toggle=\"yes\">T</italic>\u0000_{\u0000<italic toggle=\"yes\">S</italic>\u0000}), maximum overshoot (<italic toggle=\"yes\">OS</italic>\u0000_{\u0000<italic toggle=\"yes\">M</italic>\u0000}), maximum undershoot (<italic toggle=\"yes\">US</italic>\u0000_{\u0000<italic toggle=\"yes\">M</italic>\u0000}) and steady-state error (<italic toggle=\"yes\">E</italic>\u0000_{\u0000<italic toggle=\"yes\">SS</italic>\u0000}) are investigated. Stability analysis using Riemann surface observation of the system compensated with the proposed controller is presented in this work. The robust behavior of the two-loop FOPID-FOPI controller is verified by the application of disturbances in the system and the Reimann surface observation.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of wear characteristics of granite dust & coconut shell ash reinforced aluminum metal matrix composite using design of experiment","authors":"Yogesh K Mogal, Santosh B Rane, Subhash K Mahajan, Rajendra S Chaudhari","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad6ad6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad6ad6","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, one of the most important issue faced by all nations is a waste management. Therefore, it is essential to search for creative solutions to waste reduction, reuse, and recycling. This can be accomplished by adding waste materials to composite materials as a reinforcements. Reusing waste materials enhances the characteristics of existing materials, while also helping the environment by solving the disposal problem. The main aim of this paper is to study the wear characteristics of hybrid aluminum metal matrix composite reinforced with coconut shell ash (CSA) and granite dust. The hybrid composite samples were manufactured using stir casting by reinforcing CSA (ranging from 0 wt% to 12 wt%) and granite dust (maintained at 2 wt%) in Al6061 alloy. SEM and EDAX analysis were performed to investigate the microstructure and elemental composition. The wear characteristics of the hybrid composites were determined via pin-on-disc tests. Finally, the Taguchi design of experiment was performed on the specimen having the best wear characteristics by selecting the L27 orthogonal array and identified the influence of process variables on the wear rate. The results of the pin-on-disc experiment showed that the wear rate decreased with increasing CSA%. The hybrid composite composed of 02 wt% granite dust, &amp; 12 wt% CSA indicates a lower wear rate (56.25%) as compared to the matrix alloy. The Taguchi analysis prooved that the sliding distance has a greater impact on the wear rate than the other parameters. This material can be a superior substitute where high wear resistance is required.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on mechanical properties of unsaturated silt in the Yellow River flood area","authors":"Da Song, Yun Sun, Shuxuan Sun, Pengyuan Zhou","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad722f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad722f","url":null,"abstract":"The alluvial deposits of the Yellow River led to the formation of less clay content, loose soil particles, and low compactness of the unsaturated silt, which makes it complicated to determine the mechanical properties of the Yellow River flood area soil. To investigate the mechanical characteristics of unsaturated silt, the relationship between unsaturated silt saturation and matric suction is analyzed through the soil-water characteristic test, and the soil-water characteristic curve is fitted by the Van-Genuchten model. A series of consolidated undrained shear tests were conducted on silt in Kaifeng using the GDS triaxial apparatus, the influence of moisture content, matric suction (<italic toggle=\"yes\">u</italic>\u0000_a-<italic toggle=\"yes\">u</italic>\u0000_w), and net confining pressure (<italic toggle=\"yes\">σ</italic>\u0000₃-<italic toggle=\"yes\">u</italic>\u0000_a) on the strength characteristics of unsaturated silt was discussed. The results indicated that the net confining pressure, moisture content, and matric suction significantly influenced the shear characteristics of unsaturated silt. The shear strength of unsaturated silt increased with increasing net confining pressure at the same moisture content. The strain-hardening state of silt at high confining pressure was more obvious, while the silt at low confining pressure showed a weak strain-hardening state. Under a constant net confining pressure, the deviatoric stress versus deviatoric strain curves of silt with low moisture content exhibited a strain-softening state, while other moisture content showed a weak strain-hardening state. At the same matric suction, the shear strength increased with increasing normal stress. The cohesion increased and then decreased while the internal friction angle decreased and then increased with the increasing moisture content and matric suction.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}