Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Preventive Efficacy of Domestic Vaccines against a New Coronavirus Infection in the Immunization of Employees of Medical Organizations","authors":"I. V. Feldblum, T. M. Repin, M. Devyatkov, V. Semerikov, M. A. Gileva, A. A. Kovtun, N. Markovich","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-22-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-22-27","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Evaluation of the preventive effectiveness of domestic vaccines in immunization of employees of medical organizations, in the context of the ongoing pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, remains important. The aim. To evaluate the preventive effectiveness of domestic vaccines in the immunization of employees of medical organizations. Materials and methods. The preventive efficacy of domestic vaccines was studied in an epidemiological, analytical, retrospective (historical), cohort, parallel study involving 1115 healthcare workers from various outpatient and policlinic organizations in the city of Perm. Results. The high preventive efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination of health care workers was established in the conditions of analytical cohort study (the incidence of the unvaccinated was 3.3 times higher than the incidence of vaccinated). Among the vaccinated, a milder course of the disease was observed. The GamCovidVac Spuntic V and Sputnik Light vaccines were characterized by the highest prophylactic efficacy for which was 76.1 and 78.2 respectively, against 54.53 with Covivac immunization and 50.7 with EpiVacCorona. Conclusions. Vaccination is an effective measure against COVID-19 and can be recommended in the context of ongoing pandemic.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76251093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Detection in Foreign Medical Students Vaccined against New Coronavirus Infection","authors":"O. A. Ryabtseva, P. V. Tsygankov, S. Shlyk, G. G. Kharseeva, A. V. Chepusova","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-82-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-82-88","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The incidence of the novel coronavirus infection is on the rise worldwide. To effectively combat COVID-19, both vaccination and control of the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 strains among the population and, especially, foreign citizens arriving in Russia from around the world are necessary. Aim. To determine the frequency of detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in foreign medical students vaccinated against COVID-19 with various vaccine preparations. Materials and methods. Foreign students (510 people) of a medical university aged 18-25 years, vaccinated against COVID-19, who arrived in Russia during June-August 2021, were examined. The determination of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was carried out weekly from December 2021 to January 2022 by taking smears from the oropharynx and examining them using a test-PCR systems manufactured by the Federal State Budgetary Institution of the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor «AmplisensCov-Bat-FL» (registration certificate No. RZN 2014/1987 dated 07.04.2020). Results. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 41 (8.0% [95% CI 5.6÷10.4]) of 510 international students surveyed. Among those vaccinated with vector vaccines based on human adenovirus (Sputnik V, Sputnik Light, Ad26. COV2.S (Johnson&Johnson)) SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 27 (7.6% [95% CI 4.8÷10.4]) a person, mainly after 4–6 months. after vaccination; vaccines based on modified mRNA (BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech), mRNA1273 (Moderna)) – 5.7% [95% CI 1.1÷10.3] people within six months after vaccination. The infectious process was asymptomatic in 39 people, in two (vaccinated with the BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer / BioNTech) and Sputnik Light) it had clinical manifestations of severe and moderate severity. Conclusion. Among foreign students vaccinated against COVID-19, in addition to two cases, asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 have been identified, which may be a potential source of infection. This indicates the need for vaccination and timely revaccination of foreign and Russian students, as well as compliance with the anti-epidemic regime.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87923825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the Formation of Disability Due to Multiple sclerosis in Moscow in 2014-2021","authors":"S. P. Zapariy, A. Samusenko, Y. Vyazovichenko, A. V. Svetlichnaya, A. Gerasimov, N. V. Torchinsky","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-59-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-59-67","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, affecting mainly people of working age and leading to disability. Since this disease is a frequent cause of persistent disability, the importance and at the same time insufficiency of research in the field of regional specific programs related to disability due to MS is noted. Aims. To study the dynamics and features of the formation of primary and repeated disability due to MS among various age groups of the population, taking into account gender characteristics and severity of disability in Moscow in 2014–2021. Materials and methods. The study used examination materials of persons over 18 years of age with MS, collected in an electronic database of medical and social expertise (ITU) of the Federal State Institution \"ITU Main Bureau for Moscow\", acts, protocols of ITU, static f-088/06 on the re-examination of RS. Results. The last 8 years have been characterized by a decrease in general disability due to MS, with a decrease in the number of persons recognized as disabled for the first time (VPI) and an increase in the number of persons re-recognized as disabled (PPI). There is a drop in the proportion of disabled people of the first and second disability groups with an increase in the third group. In the structure of VPI and PPI due to MS, persons of working age prevailed with a slight decrease in the group of PPI. The gender structure was dominated by female persons. Conclusion. The study of indicators of disability due to MS among various population groups in modern conditions is of great importance for monitoring the level of disability of patients and maintaining a socially active life of the patient.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90199072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The current state of the problem of tick-borne encephalitis in Russia and the world","authors":"N. Kolyasnikova, A. Ishmukhametov, V. Akimkin","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-104-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-104-123","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Despite the successes achieved over the 85-year history of the study of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), there are still many controversial and unresolved issues. It is obvious that in the second decade of the XXI century, this natural focal neuroinfection, as before, poses a great threat to public health not only in Russia, but also in endemic countries of the world. Aim. To present modern aspects of etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, specific prevention of TBE in Russia and endemic countries of the world. Conclusions. Currently, there are 4 genotypes of the TBE virus: Far Eastern, European, Siberian and Baikal, each of which has its own area, pathogenic potential for humans. Nosoareal of TBE covers most of the territory of Russia, 29 European countries. Cases of TBE disease or viral activity are registered in six Asian countries. For the correct verification of the diagnosis, criteria for the diagnosis of cases of the disease have been developed, which mainly concern unvaccinated persons. Since highly effective etiotropic drugs for the treatment of TBE have not yet been developed, the only strategy for reducing the incidence of TBE is mass vaccination of the population of endemic regions. Due to the increase in the rate of vaccination in Russia and European countries, in order to improve epidemiological surveillance of TBE, standards for specific laboratory diagnosis of the disease among vaccinated persons, clarification of the causes of the incidence of vaccinated, as well as deaths among them, need to be clarified. In conditions of combination of natural foci of TBE and other tick-borne infections, it is important to develop diagnostic algorithms, including differential diagnosis of this disease with other infections transmitted by Ixodic ticks.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80136242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics and Trends in the Incidence of Rabies in the Russian Federation and some Adjacent Regions of Eurasia in 2013–2021","authors":"O. Zaykova, M. A. Losich, E. Rusakova, O. Verkhovsky, A. Shabeykin, T. Grebennikova","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-4-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-4-12","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Rabies, hydrophobia is an acute viral zoonotic neuroinfection with 100% mortality in the case of clinical signs in humans or animals. The main biological reservoirs and distributors of the rabies pathogen (Lyssa virus, Rhabdo viridae) on the territory of the Russian Federation (RF) are wild predators of the canine family responsible for the circulation of the classic rabies virus (Rabies virus). Also on the territory of the RF and the countries of Eastern Europe, Asia Minor and Central Asia, the circulation of 6 more species of viruses of the genus Lyssavirus, with biological reservation in bat populations, has been established. Despite the existing genetic and environmental differences, all types of lyssaviruses registered in the territory of the RF pose a threat to humans and animals. Due to the growing processes of interpenetration of the anthropogenic environment and wildlife, in recent years, rabies has been increasingly registered in domestic carnivores, which significantly increases epidemiological risks. Aim. A retrospective comparative analysis of data on the incidence of rabies in humans and animals in the RF and on the territory of some regions of Eurasia adjacent to the RF for the period from 2013 to 2021 to characterize the current manifestations of the epidemic (epizootic) process of rabies. Materials and methods. The materials for the study were data from epidemiological surveillance of rabies in the RF and data from veterinary statistics for 2013–2021. Conventional methods and computer programs were used for the analysis: Microsoft Office Excel analysis package, as well as an online statistical calculator. The level of reliability of the data obtained was evaluated using the Pearson consensus criterion χ2, with a reliability level of p = 0.05 and p = 0.01. Results. It is shown that, on average, 2312.33 ± 752.24 cases of rabies in animals were registered on the territory of the RF for the period 2013–2021. With the observed trend towards a gradual decrease in the annual incidence of rabies among animals, the share of dogs and cats in the epizootic process has increased by 7.,4 and 3,8%, respectively,  over the past 2 years. At the same time, an increase in the incidence of rabies in humans by 4,33 times was recorded when comparing indicators with the previous period 2018-2019. Russia in total for 2013-2021 ranks first in the number of officially registered cases of rabies in humans (63%) among the countries of Europe, the Caucasus, Transcaucasia and Central Asia.  The European part of the RF accounts for 41,7–44,3% of cases of rabies among domestic and farm animals and 46,7% among wild animals compared to these regions. The recorded trend towards a decrease in the number of cases of rabies in animals  can be explained by long-term oral vaccination of wild carnivores. But the decrease in the number of natural foci of the disease did not provoke a proportional decrease in the incidence of rabies in domestic animals. As a r","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83350894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and Antibiotic Resistance of the Main Causative agents of Infections Associated with the Provision of Medical care","authors":"N. Voropaeva, U. Nemchenko, E. Grigorova, N. L. Bel'kova, N. Chemezova, E. Savilov","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-68-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-68-73","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The problem of healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) is becoming increasingly important in epidemiological, social and economic terms. The most serious threat to hospital patients is multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The purpose of the study was to determine the etiological structure and sensitivity to antimicrobial agents of infectious agents associated with the provision of medical care in a children's multidisciplinary hospital. Materials and methods. The strains used in the work were obtained from patients aged from one to 15 years with severe infectious diseases. Additionally, swabs were taken from environmental objects. Bacteriological identification of selected strains was performed using standardized bacteriological algorithms and MALDI-TOF direct protein profiling of non-spore-forming microorganisms. Results. P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae were identified as the main causative agents of HAI with multiple resistance to AMPs in the children's multidisciplinary hospital, the source of which was mainly the respiratory tract. Multiple resistance to AMP was higher in K. pneumoniae, 38.9% of the studied isolates showed resistance to four drugs simultaneously. P. aeruginosa in 23.1% of cases was resistant to one AMP, in 15.4% - to two, four and seven AMPs. Conclusion. For a reasonable choice and optimization of antibacterial treatment of hospital patients, it is necessary to take into account the fact of wide circulation of hospital strains. Systematic monitoring of the constantly changing microbiological landscape of hospitals based on microbiological monitoring data and determining the levels of resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy drugs will help reduce the risk and prevent the development of infections associated with healthcare.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89920179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of a Serological Study of Pertussis among Children and Adolescents in the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"M. Smagul, L. Yeraliyeva, A. Kuatbayeva, G. E. Nusupbayeva, L. Kasabekova, G. Nukenova, A. Satayeva, M. Smagulova, A. S. Mutaliyeva, A. B. Sagymbai, O. V. Imangaliyeva","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-89-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-89-103","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. In 2018 over 151 000 cases of whooping cough were reported worldwide. In the Republic of Kazakhstan the incidence of whooping cough has always remained relevant. The incidence is recorded mainly among children under 14 years of age, whose share is 96–100% of the total incidence in certain years. It should also be noted that 82,9–96% of sick people are not vaccinated against whooping cough. Aims. Assessment of the duration of protection after vaccination against pertussis infection in Kazakhstan using antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT) and (IgA and IgG) as a specific marker of pertussis infection or vaccination in children and adolescents in the cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan: Aktobe, Karaganda, Taldykorgan, Shymkent for evaluation appropriate age for booster vaccination. Materials and methods. For the study included medical organizations in the cities of Aktobe, Karaganda, Taldykorgan, Shymkent. Participants aged 10–14 years who were hospitalized in children's hospitals and 15–18 years old who visited polyclinics were invited to participate in the study. Each city has 1 children's hospital (4 in total) and 2 polyclinics (8 in total). A total of 520 people of different age groups participated. Study period: February 2021 – October 2021. Inclusion criteria were such aspects as: age from 10 years to 18 years 11 months 29 days, informed consent obtained from parents or guardian(s) and patient consent, enrollment after visiting the clinic, the presence of documented evidence of immune status. An association between two qualitative variables is considered statistically significant if the p-value calculated using     the Chi-squared test is less than 0.05. Results. Among 520 participants aged 10–14 years – 200 (38.5%) and 15–18 years – 320 (61.5%), including boys – 284 (54.6%), girls – 236 (45.4%). The largest number of study participants was aged 15, 16 and 17 years, 10 participants (1.9%) had periods of prolonged coughing in the past 6 months. The first, second and third pertussis vaccines were received by 100% of children. The first and second vaccine for all children was the Adsorbed Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine (DPT). The third vaccine for 519 children was also DPT, for one child – AbDPT, due to the transition to a cell-free vaccine from the second half of 2013. The additional vaccine scheduled at 18 months of age was given to 519 participants (99.8%), of which 517 children (99.6%) received DPT and two children (0.4%) DPT. Just over half of the children (276 or 53.1%) also received the whooping cough vaccine at age 6. In biological blood samples of 17 participants (3.3%). antibodies of the IgA class were detected in 245 samples (47.1%) – antibodies of the IgG class. Of the 17 participants with IgA antibodies, 15 also tested positive for IgG. In total antibodies of the IgA and IgG classes were detected in 247 participants which amounted to 47.5%. Conclusions. This study showed the duration of protection after pertussis ","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86015523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiological Structure, Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Infections Transmitted by Ixodic Ticks in the Sverdlovsk Region at the Present Stage","authors":"N. Kolyasnikova, M. Toporkova, J. P. Sanchez-Pimentel, A. S. Nazarenko, O. Stukolova, I. G. Starodubova, T. Chekanova, A. Titkov, A. A. Tihomirova, E. A. Kuznetsova, Y. Beikin, Y. Naumov, N. Pestov, V. Mishchenko, I. V. Vyalykh, A. Ishmukhametov, V. Akimkin","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-38-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-38-58","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The Sverdlovsk region is a highly endemic territory for infections transmitted by ixodic ticks. The possibilities of laboratory diagnostics of tick–borne infections in the routine practice of a clinician in the region today are limited mainly by testing blood serum for antibodies to the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBE virus) and Lyme disease (LD) pathogens – Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, therefore, among tick-borne infections in the region currently mainly TBE and LD are registered. In case of negative results for antibodies to the pathogens of the above infections, the diagnosis may remain unknown. Aims. To study the etiological structure of infections transmitted by ixodic ticks in the Sverdlovsk region at the present stage, as well as to characterize the epidemiological and clinical features of the course of tick-borne infections detected in conditions of a combination of natural foci. Materials and methods. The study included 227 patients undergoing inpatient or outpatient treatment during the epidemic season of tick activity in 2021 (June-August) at LLS MO \"New Hospital\" (Urban Center of Natural Focal Infections). The case histories (epidemiological, clinical and laboratory indicators) were studied from each patient, as well as the material (blood) was examined prospectively and retrospectively using molecular biological (PCR) and serological (ELISA, planar protein biochip) methods. Results and discussion. During the study, six diseases were identified among the examined patients: TBE, LD (erythematous and nonerythematous forms), Borrelia miyamotoi disease (BMD), human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME), as well as \"Viral fever transmitted by arthropods\" (VFTA). Among the examined patients, the proportion of patients with monoinfection was 49,5%, with mixed infection – 50,5%. Additional studies conducted by us using specific PCR for the presence DNA rickettsia and the causative agent of Q-fever in the blood of patients gave negative results. The general epidemiological characteristics for the above identified infections were the vector-borne mechanism, the prevalence of diseases in groups of middle-aged and elderly people, the largest number of cases of infection with pathogens of any tick-borne infection occurred in Yekaterinburg and its surroundings, for all infections, the duration of tick bite in most cases did not exceed one day; there were differences by sex, incubation period. Clinical symptoms were similar, except for the erythematous form of LD (the presence of erythema migrans at the byte site of tick), because the vast majority of patients had a general infectious syndrome; general laboratory indicators varied. Confirmation of the diagnosis was based on the results of the complex application of molecular biological and serological research methods. Conclusions. The modern etiological structure of infections transmitted by ixodic ticks in the Sverdlovsk region is represented","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77580199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Humoral Immunity against Coronavirus Infection COVID-19 in Vaccinated Individuals with Vaccines Available in the Republic of Belarus (Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac), RF and Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV), PRC)","authors":"K. Korsak, I. Stoma, E. Voropaev, O. Osipkina, A. A. Kovalev","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-28-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2023-22-1-28-37","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Many countries around the world are developing effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. The measure of the effectiveness of the vaccination process has traditionally been antibody production. The frequency and intensity of adverse reactions is also an important factor in making a decision regarding a vaccine. This study presents the results of the evaluation of the formation of humoral immunity and the occurrence of reactions in response to the administration of Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac), RF, and Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV), PRC. Aim. Analyze immunogenicity and reactogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines used in the Republic of Belarus (Sputnik V and Sinopharm). Materials and methods. Evaluation of postvaccination immune response by enzyme immunoassay and differential enzyme immunoassay for class G immunoglobulins to S- and N-proteins SARS-CoV-2. Blood plasma of the study participants was used as biological material. Blood sampling was performed 3 times: immediately before the first vaccine dose, on day 42, and 6 months after the first vaccine dose. To evaluate the frequency and intensity of postvaccination reactions, study participants were questioned. Results. At 42 days after administration of both vaccines, antibody levels are rising, with a significantly higher quantitative IgG count for the Sputnik V vaccine. This trend is also observed 6 months after the first dose of both vaccines, both among those previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and those without a history of COVID-19. The comparison of Sputnik V and Sinopharm vaccine groups in terms of IgG (BAU/ml) levels to S- and N-proteins revealed a statistically significant difference in IgG levels to S-protein: the Sputnik V vaccine group had significantly higher IgG levels to S-protein than the Sinopharm vaccine group (p = 0.0000196). The incidence of adverse reactions in this study was 45%. All reactions noted were mild to moderate in severity. The most common were soreness and redness at the injection site, elevated body temperature, and a combination of several reactions. The increased body temperature after vaccination was more common among those vaccinated with the Sputnik V vaccine. Conclusion. Compared to Sinopharm, Sputnik V vaccine produces higher antibody level. Adverse reactions were observed in both vaccinated groups. However, significant statistical differences were found with regard to fever in the Sputnik V vaccine group, which occurred more frequently.","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87156675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Effect of Enzyme Preparations and Gentamycin on Biofilms of Bordetella pertussis","authors":"E. M. Zaitsev, M. V. Britsina, M. N. Ozeretskovskaya, I. G. Bazhanova","doi":"10.31631/2073-3046-2022-21-6-97-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2022-21-6-97-103","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. An increase in the incidence of whooping cough, a high proportion of severe forms of the disease, and a decrease in the sensitivity of circulating strains of B. pertussis to antibiotics require the development of more effective etiotropic therapies, including those capable of influencing biofilm forms of the whooping cough pathogen, which differ from planktonic cells by increased resistance to the host immune system and antibacterial drugs.Аim of the work is to study the effect of trypsin and lidase in combination with gentamycin on the growth of biofilms of Bordetella pertussis strains on an abiotic substrate.Materials and methods. In the experiments B. pertussis strains isolated in the Russian Federation from whooping cough patients in 2001‒2010 were used: No. 178 (serotype 1.2.0), No. 287 (serotype 1.0.3) and No. 317 (serotype 1.2.3), grown on a dense nutrient medium. The intensity of biofilm formation in a liquid nutrient medium in the presence of trypsin (10 mcg/ml), lidase (20 IU/ml), gentamycin (2.0 mg/ml, 0.4 mg/ml and 0.08 mg/ml) and their combinations in roundbottomed polystyrene 96­well plates was evaluated by staining with 0.1% gentian­violet solution.Results. Gentamycin partially suppressed the formation of biofilms and caused partial destruction of the formed biofilms in the absence of growth of microbial colonies when sowing supernatants from biofilm cultures on a dense nutrient medium. The minimum suppressive concentration of gentamycin (MSC) was 2 mg/ml. Trypsin completely suppressed the growth of biofilms and caused the complete destruction of the formed biofilms. Lidase also suppressed the growth of biofilms, but less effectively affected the formed biofilms. The growth of colonies typical of B. pertussis was noted when sowing supernatants from biofilm cultures in the presence of trypsin and lidasе on a dense nutrient medium. Trypsin in combination with all the studied concentrations of gentamycin completely suppressed the growth of biofilms (MSC 0.08 mg/ml), and in combination with gentamycin at a concentration of 2.0 mg/ml caused complete destruction of biofilms in the absence of microbial growth on a dense nutrient medium. Lidase in combination with all the studied concentrations of gentamycin also suppressed the formation of biofilms (MSC 0.08 mg/ml), and in combination with gentamycin at a concentration of 2.0 mg/ml caused partial destruction of the formed biofilms in the absence of microbial growth on a dense nutrient medium.Conclusion. The synergistic effect of the combination of trypsin and lidase with gentamycin on growing and formed biofilms of B. pertussis strains was revealed. The combined use of trypsin or lidase with gentamicin reduced its MSC for growing biofilms by 25 times. The most pronounced effect on the formed biofilms was the combination of trypsin with gentamycin at a concentration of 2 mg/ml, which caused their complete destruction and death of planktonic cells. The effect of the combination o","PeriodicalId":11736,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90858865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}