Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space最新文献_第6页

Everyday politics of care and exclusion: Conceptualising agency in rural south India 关心与排斥的日常政治:印度南部农村机构的概念化

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.1177/25148486221135989

Saurabh Arora, A. Menon, M. Vijayabaskar, Divya Sharma, V. Gajendran, Orcid iD

{"title":"Everyday politics of care and exclusion: Conceptualising agency in rural south India","authors":"Saurabh Arora, A. Menon, M. Vijayabaskar, Divya Sharma, V. Gajendran, Orcid iD","doi":"10.1177/25148486221135989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25148486221135989","url":null,"abstract":"Confronting social exclusion is considered critical for grappling with poverty, livelihoods, inequality and participation in rural India. Studies highlight how exclusion is produced through hierarchical relations of caste, gender, class, religion, disability and ethnicity, while documenting people's agency to confront exclusions. However, the making of such agency through people's relations with ecologies and technologies is currently neglected. To address this neglect, we focus on different sociomaterial ways of relating – care and exclusion – which constitute people's agency. We argue that giving close attention to multiple ways of relating that coexist and interweave with each other, may be crucial for supporting grassroots transformations for justice and sustainability. To illustrate this ways-of-relating approach to agency, we rely on oral history narratives with three elderly people from rural Tamil Nadu, while building on insights from feminist scholars as well as science and technology studies. Central to the people's histories narrated in this article are uncertainties that yield non-linearities and loose ends. They foreground plural and flexible dimensions of each of our core concepts, from care and exclusion to intersections and relational agency. This open-ended plurality of dimensions, we conclude, may be crucial for concepts to find relevance in widely different settings.","PeriodicalId":11723,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space","volume":"37 1","pages":"1590 - 1613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90625317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Planning use values or values-based planning? “Rolling with” neoliberal flood risk governance in Vancouver, Canada 规划使用价值还是基于价值的规划?加拿大温哥华的新自由主义洪水风险治理

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space Pub Date : 2022-11-27 DOI: 10.1177/25148486221140878

Greg Oulahen, Jacob Ventura

引用次数: 0

Territories of hope: A human geography of agrarian politics in Brazil 希望的领土:巴西农业政治的人文地理

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.1177/25148486221135303

Bernardo Mançano Fernandes

{"title":"Territories of hope: A human geography of agrarian politics in Brazil","authors":"Bernardo Mançano Fernandes","doi":"10.1177/25148486221135303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25148486221135303","url":null,"abstract":"The Landless Rural Workers Movement (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST)) is widely recognized for its struggles for land and for producing healthy food. Since its birth, 40 years ago, the MST has continued to territorialize itself, producing its own existence. There are hundreds of thousands of families fighting for the peasant condition, which is much more than fighting for land. In this article, I argue that MST members are not simply fighting for land in isolated agrarian reform settlements. Rather, as the mística suggests, they are producing new understandings, practices, and imaginaries of the Brazilian national space. Through their mobilization, their labor on the land, and their solidarity as expressed in countless meetings, marches, and collective organizations, they are actively producing alternative territories that sit within but resist the hegemonic national territory. I incorporate theories from critical human geography to argue that territory is a category that unites land and governance. Territorial control is established by (depends on) the norms, rules, and rights in any given place and time. Within the context of the modern nation-state, the MST can be understood as producing new territories, ones that are aspirational and emerging—I call these “territories of hope” to signal the material and symbolic labor of collective desire. These territories are constituted through relations within MST settlements and between MST members and the state, agribusiness corporations, and the broader public across various spatial and temporal dimensions and scales.","PeriodicalId":11723,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space","volume":"35 1","pages":"1447 - 1462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75387010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental justice and the state 环境正义与国家

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space Pub Date : 2022-11-14 DOI: 10.1177/25148486221138736

J. Harrison

{"title":"Environmental justice and the state","authors":"J. Harrison","doi":"10.1177/25148486221138736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25148486221138736","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I address a set of recent publications that explicitly critique U.S. environmental justice (EJ) movements and scholars for looking to the state for protection from environmental harm. These publications have argued that U.S. EJ movements and scholars have become preoccupied with seeking justice through state institutions instead of through other routes of change, that they do so principally through overly cooperative practices that cede the terms of debate to the state, and that engaging with the state inherently perpetuates injustice. Their arguments make important, incisive contributions to EJ studies and raise sobering questions about EJ activists’ engagement with the state. In this article, I highlight some of these contributions, but I also critique their arguments on two grounds: First, drawing on various studies, I argue that these publications’ empirical characterizations of EJ activism understate the diversity of tactics EJ activists use. Second, I argue that they treat the state as a wholly and inevitably repressive instrument of capital, and that this leads them to make politically problematic recommendations that dismiss the ways in which states also serve other ends, can be made to do so more meaningfully, must be made to do so, and are being made to do so. Reductionist characterizations of the state too easily dismiss the prospects for change through the state—including reforms that are modest but nevertheless reduce harm as well as “nonreformist reforms” that more fundamentally support justice, all of which can be pursued through both collaborative and confrontational practices. I draw on recent theoretical and empirical research from political ecology, political geography, and Native American and Indigenous studies—scholarship that treats the state in a more relational fashion and which intersects with or exists largely outside of EJ studies—to theorize my arguments and provide illustrative examples.","PeriodicalId":11723,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85404318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Democracy in a deluge: Epistemic agency of marginalized voices in Oaxaca's storm governance 洪水中的民主:瓦哈卡州风暴治理中边缘化声音的认知代理

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/25148486221132219

Anna Bridel

{"title":"Democracy in a deluge: Epistemic agency of marginalized voices in Oaxaca's storm governance","authors":"Anna Bridel","doi":"10.1177/25148486221132219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25148486221132219","url":null,"abstract":"Despite repeated calls for grassroots participation in climate policy making, the epistemic agency of marginalized voices remains little understood. While local knowledge is increasingly regarded as an antidote to top-down climate expertise, it is often not heard, or ends up reinforcing dominant framings of risk. The concept of civic epistemologies (CEs), often understood as the sociocultural norms by which societies authorize knowledge claims, can provide insights into the epistemic agency of marginalized actors in climate governance, but has rarely been applied to such concerns. At the same time, such questions affect how scholars conceptualize CEs, which have seldom been examined where civics are fragmented or marginalized. In this article, I argue that understanding CEs as “expectations of democracy” can indicate how they authorize climate expertise in such settings. I illustrate this argument by examining hurricane governance in Puerto Escondido, Mexico, where vulnerable fishers constitute a sociopolitically and economically excluded part of a fragmented civic that shapes the production of risk expertise. Here, fisher expectations that the government will behave corruptly, and government expectations that fishers prefer to remain socioeconomically separate from the state reify biophysical approaches to risk. This analysis contributes to understanding why many attempts to include marginalized voices in climate policy fail to achieve their anticipated outcomes, expanding understanding of how CEs mediate epistemic agency in contested political contexts. Furthermore, examining CEs as expectations of democracy can inform upon conditions under which political-epistemic orders change, revealing opportunities for intervention in climate risk governance.","PeriodicalId":11723,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space","volume":"46 1","pages":"1705 - 1724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76402833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Doing environmental justice: Prospects for sustainable engagement—From classroom to fieldwork 环境正义:可持续参与的前景——从课堂到实地工作

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/25148486221137246

B. Butt

引用次数: 1

The business of saving cheetahs: Cheetah ecology and the diverse politics at work in human wildlife conflict (HWC) interventions in Namibia 拯救猎豹的事业:猎豹生态和纳米比亚人类野生动物冲突(HWC)干预中工作的多样化政治

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/25148486221135008

Suzanne Brandon

{"title":"The business of saving cheetahs: Cheetah ecology and the diverse politics at work in human wildlife conflict (HWC) interventions in Namibia","authors":"Suzanne Brandon","doi":"10.1177/25148486221135008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25148486221135008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with the intersection of cheetah ecology, human wildlife conflict (HWC), settler colonialism, and private land ownership in Namibia. Cheetahs’ ecological adaptation(s) in Namibia point to the need for a fuller picture of the permutations of conservation and conservation NGOs in Africa. In the case of Namibia, cheetahs’ ecological adaptations to interspecies threats have shaped their territory to be primarily on private commercial farms where they cause HWC. While cheetahs cause HWC on commercial farms and farming communities in Namibia writ large, HWC itself is not the conflict discussed in this research. Rather, HWC is the catalyst for what this paper will analyze to be a conflict between two private sector industries—commercial farming and cheetah conservation. After thirteen months of ethnographic fieldwork in Namibia, this case study suggested diverse politics are at work within the NGOs conservation intervention policies at global, national, and local scales. This research identified a theoretical and conceptual fissure which led to an anomaly in the field of political ecology. This paper will argue HWC is an organizing structure in the business of saving cheetahs. The NGOs studied in Namibia are a service-based industry. They invest in both tangible and intangible conservation services rather than market-based participatory approaches, ecosystem services, and/or economic development. This is illustrative of a shift from market-based conservation to a service-based approach and calls for widening the political ecology lens to account for other cases of NGOs’ on-the-ground conservation business practices in Africa.","PeriodicalId":11723,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88305888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Race, citizenship, and belonging in the pursuit of water and climate justice in California 种族，公民身份和归属感在加州追求水和气候正义

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.1177/25148486221133282

L. E. Méndez-Barrientos, A. Fencl, Cassandra L. Workman, Sameer H. Shah

引用次数: 9

Governing caterpillar fungus: Participatory conservation as state-making, territorialization, and dispossession in Dolpo, Nepal 治理冬虫夏草:尼泊尔Dolpo的参与性保护作为国家制定、领土化和剥夺

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/25148486221132236

Phurwa Gurung

{"title":"Governing caterpillar fungus: Participatory conservation as state-making, territorialization, and dispossession in Dolpo, Nepal","authors":"Phurwa Gurung","doi":"10.1177/25148486221132236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25148486221132236","url":null,"abstract":"Protected areas account for nearly a quarter of the total area of Nepal and over eighty percent of its Himalayan region. National parks—which are governed by top-down policies enforced through militarized infrastructures—have become a crucial avenue and site for the Nepali state to expand its authority and territorialize its peripheral spaces. But such state-forming effects of the park are obscured by the stated goals of biodiversity conservation which are often implemented through participatory conservation policies that claim to promote local participation and development. Through a case study of Shey Phoksundo National Park and the contested governance of caterpillar fungus in Dolpo, Northwest Nepal, this paper examines the role of participatory conservation in state-making, territorialization, and the dispossession of Indigenous peoples in the Himalayan borderlands. After a brief background on the relationship between Dolpopa and the Nepali state, I introduce state-making, territorialization, and dispossession as corollary processes that define the experiences of conservation for Dolpopa. I conceptualize state-making and territorialization as intertwined state efforts and strategies to systematize local spatial practices and reorder socio-natural relations in ways that justify state authority and establish state territory in Dolpopa spaces. I approach dispossession as an ongoing, relational process of domination and removal, particularly of Dolpopa's ability to access and govern their collective land including caterpillar fungus. In so doing, I neither reify the state as a monolith nor assume dispossession to be totalizing. Rather, I show how “the state” is constituted in moments by a range of actors, institutions, and processes; as well as how Dolpopa contest dispossession by asserting their claims to collective land both within and beyond state structures.","PeriodicalId":11723,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space","volume":"52 1","pages":"1745 - 1766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72407107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The ‘brother layer problem’: Routine killing, biotechnology and the pursuit of ‘ethical sustainability’ in industrial poultry “兄弟层问题”:工业化家禽的常规屠宰、生物技术和追求“伦理可持续性”

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space Pub Date : 2022-10-27 DOI: 10.1177/25148486221131195

R. Rutt, Jostein Jakobsen

{"title":"The ‘brother layer problem’: Routine killing, biotechnology and the pursuit of ‘ethical sustainability’ in industrial poultry","authors":"R. Rutt, Jostein Jakobsen","doi":"10.1177/25148486221131195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25148486221131195","url":null,"abstract":"The global poultry industry culls approximately seven billion day-old male layer chicks annually. Superfluous to both egg and meat, male ‘brother’ layers constitute a momentous problem, simultaneously economical and ethical, to the poultry industry. In this article, we scrutinize present and proposed alternatives to routine killing involving multiple biotechnological innovations, including novel methods for fetus sexing, genome editing technologies and re-sexing. We utilize a political ecological perspective that views attempts to solve the ‘brother layer problem’ as discursive and techno-scientific ‘fixes’ to problems of the capitalist poultry industry's own making and to rising demands for ethics and environmental-friendly animal agriculture. This context opens new avenues for profit-making by and for an expanding matrix of actors we view as an evolving ‘economy of repair’ that is built in part by public resources. Further, these fixes constitute an ostensible ‘ethical sustainability’ meant to signal both animal welfare and environmental improvements, which seem to work towards stabilizing agro-industry, thereby foreclosing alternatives to agro-industrial intensification.","PeriodicalId":11723,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning. E, Nature and Space","volume":"6 1","pages":"1785 - 1803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78669872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1