S. Soderi, Harri Viittala, Jani Saloranta, M. Hämäläinen, J. Iinatti, A. Gurtov
{"title":"Security of Wi-Fi on-board intra-vehicular communication: Field trials of tunnel scenario","authors":"S. Soderi, Harri Viittala, Jani Saloranta, M. Hämäläinen, J. Iinatti, A. Gurtov","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2013.6685559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2013.6685559","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless communications are increasingly-often selected as a cable replacement for on-board vehicular networks. When a wireless technology implements safety critical application, cryptographic countermeasures are required. This paper describes the impact of security on intra-vehicular communication in a real tunnel scenario, e.g. for urban transit or mining vehicles where the usage of security is mandatory in order to maintain the system safety. The measurement campaign was carried out in a sport ski-tunnel using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) Wi-Fi modules. The objective was to understand the impact of overhead on security in a tunnel considering line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) scenarios. In addition, the study compared different solutions for security to evaluating lesser known protocols. These field trials showed that wireless security is feasible up to 300 m in NLOS without repeaters. Finally, the experiment presented confirms the effectiveness of the Host Identity Protocol when used as standalone or in combination with other security solution.","PeriodicalId":117087,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116266546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation of road roughness condition from smartphones under realistic settings","authors":"Viengnam Douangphachanh, H. Oneyama","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2013.6685585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2013.6685585","url":null,"abstract":"Almost every today's smartphone is integrated with many useful sensors. The sensors are originally designed to make the smartphones' user interface and applications more convenient and appealing. These sensors, moreover, are potentially useful for many other applications in different fields. Using smartphone sensors to estimate road roughness condition may be also possible, since many similar sensors are already in use in many sophisticated road roughness profilers. This study explores the use of data, collected by sensors from smartphones under realistic settings in which the smartphones are placed at more realistic locations and under realistic manner inside a moving vehicle, to evaluate its relationship with the actual road pavement roughness. An experiment has been conducted to collect data from smartphone acceleration and GPS sensors; frequency domain analysis is also carried out. It has been revealed that the data from smartphone accelerometers has a linear relationship with road roughness condition, whereas the strength of the relationship varies at different frequency ranges. The results of this paper also confirm that smartphone sensors have a great potential to be used for estimating the current status of the road pavement condition.","PeriodicalId":117087,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116990086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giovanni Pellerano, M. Falcitelli, M. Petracca, P. Pagano
{"title":"6LoWPAN conform ITS-Station for non safety-critical services and applications","authors":"Giovanni Pellerano, M. Falcitelli, M. Petracca, P. Pagano","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2013.6685584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2013.6685584","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel architecture for supporting WSN applications in the field of Intelligent Transportation Systems. Besides the set of the so called CALM ISO-standards for vehicular environments, a low-cost roadside ITS-Station network is proposed. It is based on the Internet of Things paradigm and its applicability at delivering non safety-critical services and applications are evaluated by means of experimental tests on prototypes. Boards with both specific hardware and tailored software have been designed. Then a Wide Area Network testbed has been instantiated to support trials of representative use cases. The performance analysis shows that the network of SEED-EYE boards driven by a 6LoWPAN compliant ITS-Station software suite matches the application requirements in a broad set of domains. Moreover the advantages of the proposed system architecture over existing solutions based on expensive and general purpose technologies have been discussed. This activity has been approved for standardization purposes as work items at ISO TC 204 Working Group 16.","PeriodicalId":117087,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116949930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Cooperative Awareness Message rates in VANETs","authors":"J. Breu, A. Brakemeier, M. Menth","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2013.6685513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2013.6685513","url":null,"abstract":"To support applications for environment perception in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs), vehicles send Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs) via wireless broadcast to inform other vehicles about their status. Each message received by a vehicle is processed by several application modules that run on hardware with limited resources whose capacity is not yet defined. Therefore, the received rate of CAMs is a crucial input for the development of series VANET products. In this paper, we quantify the received rate of CAMs and show that it can be high even for a low fraction of vehicles generating CAMs. We simulate road traffic in typical highway scenarios and estimate sent CAM rates. We introduce the notion of relative channel load and present a new approximative channel model to determine a vehicle's message reception probability. We use that model to simulate a vehicle's received CAM rates and propose a simple approximation formula.","PeriodicalId":117087,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129439816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance analysis of real-time streaming under TCP and UDP in VANET via OMNET","authors":"Jun-Li Kuo, Chen-Hua Shih, Yaw-Chung Chen","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2013.6685531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2013.6685531","url":null,"abstract":"Ad hoc network is composed of mobile nodes without infrastructure. Depending on a hop-by-hop basis of connection, communications between high-mobility nodes are accomplished via cooperative forwarding. Especially, the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a technology that uses moving cars as nodes to create a mobile network or implement vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) connection. However, the discussion about live streaming or comparative performance in V2V has been lacked so far. We propose a V2V streaming on OMNet platform (VSOP) to build a V2V evaluation of real-time multimedia streaming under TCP/ UDP on VANET. We not only compare TCP and UDP, but also analyze and simulate the routing performance in VANET. The major contribution of proposed scheme is a compared study of protocols for real-time wireless application.","PeriodicalId":117087,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114314237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of the traffic load on performance of an alternative LTE railway communication network","authors":"Aleksander Sniady, José Soler","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2013.6685579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2013.6685579","url":null,"abstract":"Although many countries only now begin to invest in deployment of GSM-Railways (GSM-R) networks, this technology is already obsolete and reveals its significant shortcomings. The most troublesome one is the insufficient number of communication channels offered by GSM-R. This is a major problem obstructing railway operations at big train stations and junctions. Hence, other technologies, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), need to be considered as an alternative to GSM-R. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the capacity increase that railways can expect, from the introduction of LTE as internal communication infrastructure supporting railway signaling. This work is based on OPNET realistic network simulations, which show the relation between the traffic load (the number of trains transmitting and receiving data in an LTE cell) and the delay performance of the European Train Control System (ETCS) signaling, which is one of the essential railway communication services. Results of the simulations demonstrate that LTE can solve the urgent capacity problem faced by railways currently deploying GSM-R.","PeriodicalId":117087,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123258969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gubran Al-Kubati, A. Al-Dubai, L. Mackenzie, D. Pezaros
{"title":"Fast and Reliable Hybrid routing for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks","authors":"Gubran Al-Kubati, A. Al-Dubai, L. Mackenzie, D. Pezaros","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2013.6685515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2013.6685515","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) have been attracting tremendous attention in both academia and industry due to emerging applications that pave the way towards safer enjoyable journeys and inclusive digital partnerships. Undoubtedly, these ITS applications will demand robust routing protocols that not only focus on Inter-Vehicle Communications but also on providing fast, reliable, and secure access to the infrastructure. In this paper, we propose a Fast and Reliable Hybrid routing (FRHR) protocol for efficient infrastructure access which is capable of handling efficient vehicle to vehicle communications. Interface to infrastructure is provided by carefully placed RoadSide Units (RSUs) which broadcast beacons in a multi-hop fashion in constrained areas. This enables vehicles proactively to maintain fresh minimum-delay routes to other RSUs while reactively discovering routes to nearby vehicles. The proposed protocol utilizes RSUs connected to the wired backbone network to relay packets toward remote vehicles. A vehicle selects an RSU to register with according to the expected mean delay instead of the device's remoteness. We demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the routing protocol through simulation experiments performed with accurate mobility and propagation models.","PeriodicalId":117087,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123766694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bandwidth efficient turbo coded OFDM systems","authors":"U. C. Samal, K. Vasudevan","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2013.6685594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2013.6685594","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, bandwidth efficient turbo codes, commonly known as turbo trellis coded modulation (TTCM) is used in orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) systems. It improves the error performance and spectral efficiency simultaneously, which are the major requirements for modern communication systems. The throughput can be improved by puncturing. In addition to TTCM, data interleaver (DI) is incorporated to boost the performance of the system further. BCJR algorithm is used at the receiver to decode iteratively the received turbo trellis coded interleaved OFDM signals. Frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel in presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and frequency offset is considered. To the best of the authors' knowledge there is only one earlier work, which simultaneously addresses the problem of timing and carrier synchronization, channel estimation and turbo decoding of OFDM signals transmitted through frequency selective Rayleigh fading channels. This paper is an extension of the earlier work wherein the code rate is increased from half to unity using puncturing and TTCM. Therefore our baseline for comparison is the ideal coherent receiver.","PeriodicalId":117087,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126786595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A real-time seamless WYSIWYAS navigation system for smart devices","authors":"Y. Takatori, Hideya Takeo","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2013.6685539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2013.6685539","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a WYSIWYAS navigation system for smart devices, which is to be used by a pedestrian in motion. The proposed system is installed as an application for Android smart device with a rear camera. It scans M-CubITS Marker elements arranged on the corridor on every frame of a captured movie in order to estimate its position direction in relation to the destination, and displays a marker indicating the direction of the destination on the screen in real-time. Thus, the system achieves real-time seamless WYSIWYAS navigation. A questionnaire-based survey of subjects of an indoor pedestrian navigation test shows the effectiveness of the proposed system. Furthermore, the answer of the questionnaire showed that the improvement of response performance was call for. Then, we analyzed the performance of the response of the smart device.","PeriodicalId":117087,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129792853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayotunde O. Laiyemo, P. Pirinen, M. Latva-aho, Jaakko Vihriälä, V. Phan
{"title":"Impact of LTE precoding for fixed and adaptive rank transmission in moving relay node system","authors":"Ayotunde O. Laiyemo, P. Pirinen, M. Latva-aho, Jaakko Vihriälä, V. Phan","doi":"10.1109/ITST.2013.6685554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2013.6685554","url":null,"abstract":"Improved capacity and reliability of wireless networks can be achieved by users onboard in a high speed train with the use of moving relay nodes (MRN) cooperating with each other. Further improvement in performance is achieved with codebook based precoders adopted by third generation partnership project (3GPP) for spatial multiplexed transmission mode. Open loop and closed loop precoded spatial multiplexing for fixed and adaptive rank transmissions were simulated and analyzed on the backhaul link of a cooperative MRN system in a high speed train. To obtain improved performance, channel information in the form of precoder matrix indicator (PMI) and rank indicator (RI) are required for the closed loop operation while the RI is only needed for the open loop operation. The results show that throughput gain on the backhaul link of the cooperative MRN system can be achieved with the precoded transmission when compared to unprecoded spatial multiplexing transmission. Further improvement in throughput was achieved when the transmission rank changed dynamically according to the channel condition.","PeriodicalId":117087,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129379978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}