Engineering with Computers最新文献

{"title":"Parameterized shape optimization of a bi-leaflet heart valved conduit for pediatric applications.","authors":"Chuan Luo, Kewei Li, Abigail R Herschman, Mingze Sun, Haim Waisman, Vijay Vedula, Jeffrey W Kysar, David Kalfa","doi":"10.1007/s00366-026-02311-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00366-026-02311-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital heart defects could affect the right ventricular outflow tract in pediatric patients. As a result, pediatric pulmonary valve replacements are often needed to effectively mediate unidirectional blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. The present work aims to optimize a parameterized shape of a bi-leaflet heart-valved conduit using multi-objective optimization algorithms. We developed an integrated framework that automatically facilitates the design, structural mechanics simulation, and design optimization of the prosthetic valve. Bezier curves are employed to represent the geometric profile of both the free edge and the attachment edge of the leaflets, while a genetic algorithm updates the parameterized design variables during optimization. A quasi-static finite element analysis (FEA) model simulates valve opening and closure mechanics under a prescribed hemodynamic pressure profile. The objective is to find the optimal leaflet shape, enhancing durability and functionality by minimizing the leaflets' maximum principal stress and the orifice area at valve closure. An optimized design is selected from the final Pareto fronts for prototyping. Numerical results demonstrate an improved performance of the optimized valve over the initial design, indicating the complex impact of the valve geometry on valve performance metrics and underscoring the imperative for design optimization. The performance of optimal valve design is further analyzed using fluid-structure interaction (FSI) modeling to evaluate its performance under dynamic loading conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11696,"journal":{"name":"Engineering with Computers","volume":"42 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13059700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147644578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An open-source computational framework for immersed fluid-structure interaction modeling using FEBio and MFEM.","authors":"Ryan T Black, Steve A Maas, Wensi Wu, Jalaj Maheshwari, Tzanio Kolev, Jeffrey A Weiss, Matthew A Jolley","doi":"10.1007/s00366-026-02371-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00366-026-02371-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation of biological systems presents significant computational challenges, particularly for applications involving large structural deformations and contact mechanics, such as heart valve dynamics. Traditional arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian methods encounter fundamental difficulties with such problems due to mesh distortion, motivating immersed techniques. This work presents a novel open-source immersed FSI framework that strategically couples two mature finite element libraries: MFEM, a GPU-ready and scalable library with state-of-the-art parallel performance developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and FEBio, a nonlinear finite element solver with sophisticated solid mechanics capabilities designed for biomechanics applications developed at the University of Utah and Columbia University. This coupling creates a unique synergy wherein the fluid solver leverages MFEM's state-of-the-art parallel performance, while the immersed solid exploits FEBio's comprehensive suite of hyperelastic and viscoelastic constitutive models and advanced solid mechanics modeling targeted for biomechanics applications. FSI coupling is achieved using a fictitious domain/distributed Lagrange multiplier methodology with variational multiscale stabilization for enhanced accuracy on under-resolved grids expected with unfitted meshes used in immersed FSI. A fully implicit, monolithic scheme provides robust coupling for strongly coupled fluid-solid interactions characteristic of cardiovascular applications. The framework's modular architecture facilitates straightforward extension to additional physics and element technologies. Several test problems are considered to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed framework, including a three-dimensional semilunar heart valve simulation. This platform addresses a critical need for open-source immersed FSI software combining advanced biomechanics modeling with high-performance computing infrastructure.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00366-026-02371-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":11696,"journal":{"name":"Engineering with Computers","volume":"42 5","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13447573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148688658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near real-time adaptive isotropic and anisotropic image-to-mesh conversion for cerebral aneurysm simulations.","authors":"Kevin Garner, Chander Sadasivan, Nikos Chrisochoides","doi":"10.1007/s00366-026-02287-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00366-026-02287-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents two performance optimization techniques for a mesh adaptation method that is designed to help streamline the discretization of complex vascular geometries within the numerical modeling process. This method is integrated into a pipeline with an image-to-mesh conversion tool to generate adaptive anisotropic meshes from segmented medical images. The pipeline is shown to satisfy quality, fidelity, smoothness, and robustness requirements while providing near real-time performance for medical image-to-mesh conversion. Tested with two brain aneurysm cases and utilizing up to 96 CPU cores within a single, multicore node on Purdue University's Anvil supercomputer, the parallel adaptive anisotropic meshing method utilizes a hierarchical load balancing model (designed for large, cc-NUMA shared memory architectures) and contains an optimized local reconnection operation that performs three times faster than its original implementation from previous studies. While utilizing a new user-defined sizing function, we also show an adaptive isotropic method that generates meshes with good quality and fidelity of up to approximately 50 million elements in less than a minute while the adaptive anisotropic method is shown to generate approximately the same number of elements in about 5 min.</p>","PeriodicalId":11696,"journal":{"name":"Engineering with Computers","volume":"42 2","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12913359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146225822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupling finite volume-lattice Boltzmann methods for advanced heat transfer simulations.","authors":"Yang Zhou, Alessandro De Rosis, Alistair Revell","doi":"10.1007/s00366-026-02288-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00366-026-02288-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a high-performance coupled framework that advances the integration of the finite volume method (FVM) and the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for multi-physics thermal flow simulations, including heat conduction, conjugated heat transfer, natural and forced convection, and phase change. The proposed scheme employs a central-moments-based collision operator for both velocity and temperature fields, substantially improving numerical stability and accuracy over traditional approaches within the LBM community. The reconstruction strategy, combining regularised and high-order truncated equilibrium methods, ensures smooth and accurate data exchange at FVM-LBM coupling interfaces. The implementation employs the Parallel Location and Exchange coupling library, enabling efficient and scalable communication between the FVM and LBM. Validation against standard benchmark problems and complex melting scenarios demonstrates excellent numerical accuracy and convergence. These algorithmic advances establish the proposed framework as a significant step forward in coupled FVM-LBM methods for multiscale thermal flow problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11696,"journal":{"name":"Engineering with Computers","volume":"42 2","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12935858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147325045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implicit sub-stepping scheme for critical state soil models.","authors":"Hoang-Giang Bui, Jelena Niníc, Günther Meschke","doi":"10.1007/s00366-026-02309-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00366-026-02309-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The stress integration of critical soil model is usually based on implicit Euler algorithm, where the stress predictor is corrected by employing a return mapping algorithm. In the case of a large load step, the solution of the local nonlinear system to compute the plastic multiplier may not be attained. To overcome this problem, a sub-stepping scheme is generally used to improve the convergence of the local nonlinear system solution strategy. Nevertheless, the complexity of the tangent operator of the sub-stepping scheme is high. This complicates the use of Newton-Raphson algorithm to obtain global quadratic convergence. In this paper, a formulation for consistent tangent operator is developed for implicit sub-stepping integration for the modified Cam-Clay model and unified Clay and Sand model. This formulation is highly efficient and can be used with problem involving arbitrary large load step, such as tunnel simulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11696,"journal":{"name":"Engineering with Computers","volume":"42 2","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13038472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147608358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A differential equation-driven update strategy for density-based topology optimization: implementation with MATLAB codes.","authors":"Yang Liu, Wei Tan","doi":"10.1007/s00366-025-02237-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-025-02237-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Differential equation-driven evolution strategies are often associated with boundary-driven topology optimization methods, such as the level set method. However, differential equations can also be utilized effectively in density-based approaches. This paper presents a design update scheme formulated using differential equations to evolve elemental densities in topology optimization. The proposed scheme transforms the differential equation into an absolute increment format, closely related to the optimality criteria (OC) method, which is traditionally implemented in a relative increment format in density-based methods. The relative increment format of the OC method typically ensures an efficient and stable optimization process, whereas the absolute increment format tends to enable a more active and responsive optimization process, potentially leading to optimized results with improved performance. Furthermore, the absolute increment format can be converted into a relative one if needed. This study explores compliance minimization problems for both isotropic composite and single-material cases. Detailed MATLAB implementations for these cases are presented and thoroughly explained. Numerical examples demonstrate that the differential equation-driven update scheme effectively addresses density distribution optimization problems, offering an alternative to classical density methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":11696,"journal":{"name":"Engineering with Computers","volume":"42 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12862039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational modeling of immersed non-spherical bodies in viscous flows to study embolus-hemodynamics interactions in large-vessel occlusion stroke.","authors":"Chayut Teeraratkul, Adarsh Krishnamurthy, Debanjan Mukherjee","doi":"10.1007/s00366-026-02364-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00366-026-02364-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interaction of particles with unsteady non-linear viscous flows has widespread implications in physiological and biomedical systems. One key application where this plays a fundamental role is in the mechanism and etiology of embolic strokes. Specifically, there is a need to better understand how large occlusive emboli traverse complex vascular geometries, and block a vessel disrupting blood supply. Existing modeling approaches resort to key simplifications in terms of embolic particle shape, size, and their coupling to fluid flow. Here, we devise a novel computational model for resolving embolus-hemodynamics interactions for large non-spherical emboli approaching near occlusive regimes in anatomically real vascular segments. The formulation relies on extending an immersed finite element approach, coupled with a six degree-of-freedom particle dynamics model. The geometric complexities and their manifestation in embolus-flow and embolus-wall interactions are handled using a parametric shape representation, and projection of vessel signed distance fields on the particle boundaries. We illustrate our methodology and algorithmic details, as well as present examples of benchmark cases and convergence of our technique. Thereafter, we demonstrate a parametric study of large emboli for Large Vessel Occlusion (LVO) strokes, showing that our methodology can capture the non-linear tumbling dynamics of emboli originating from their interactions with the flow and vessel walls; and resolve near-occlusive scenarios involving lubrication effects around the embolus and flow re-routing to non-occluded branches. This is a key methodological advancement in stroke modeling, as to the best of our knowledge this is the first modeling framework for LVO stroke and occlusion biofluid mechanics. Finally, even though we present our framework from the perspective of LVO strokes, the methodology as developed is broadly generalizable to two-way coupled fluid-particle interaction in unsteady viscous flows for a wide range of applications.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00366-026-02364-8.</p>","PeriodicalId":11696,"journal":{"name":"Engineering with Computers","volume":"42 4","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13315089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148359960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributed semi-speculative parallel anisotropic mesh adaptation.","authors":"Kevin Garner, Polykarpos Thomadakis, Nikos Chrisochoides","doi":"10.1007/s00366-026-02391-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00366-026-02391-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a distributed memory method for anisotropic mesh adaptation that is designed to avoid the use of collective communication and global synchronization techniques. In the presented method, meshing functionality is separated from performance aspects by utilizing a separate entity for each - a multicore cc-NUMA-based (shared memory) mesh generation software and a parallel runtime system that is designed to help applications leverage the concurrency offered by emerging high-performance computing (HPC) architectures. First, an initial mesh is decomposed and its interface elements (subdomain boundaries) are adapted on a single multicore node (shared memory). Subdomains are then distributed among the nodes of an HPC cluster so that their interior elements are adapted while interface elements (already adapted) remain frozen to maintain mesh conformity. Lessons are presented regarding some re-designs of the shared memory software and how its speculative execution model is utilized by the distributed memory method to achieve good performance. The presented method is shown to generate meshes (of up to approximately 1 billion elements) with comparable quality and performance to existing state-of-the-art HPC meshing software.</p>","PeriodicalId":11696,"journal":{"name":"Engineering with Computers","volume":"42 5","pages":"157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13433493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A computational framework to predict the spreading of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Ana Vazquez-Palomo, Covadonga Betegón, Johannes Weickenmeier, Emilio Martínez-Pañeda","doi":"10.1007/s00366-026-02313-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00366-026-02313-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease is characterised by the spreading of misfolded proteins and progressive structural changes in the brain. Despite significant clinical research, understanding how microscopic protein dynamics translate into macroscopic tissue degeneration remains a major challenge. In this work, we present a three-dimensional, finite element-based computational framework to model disease progression by combining multi-protein transport and brain tissue deformation within anatomically realistic geometries. The propagation of toxic tau and amyloid-[Formula: see text] proteins is described using reaction-diffusion equations of the Fisher-Kolmogorov type, incorporating prion-like growth mechanisms and anisotropic transport along white matter fibre tracts. Brain atrophy is represented through a hyperelastic constitutive model driven by protein-dependent volume loss. Subject-specific simulations are achieved through an automated preprocessing pipeline that generates finite element meshes and reconstructs axonal orientation fields from medical imaging data. The model reproduces key morphological patterns observed in Alzheimer's disease and shows good quantitative agreement with longitudinal imaging measurements. Overall, the proposed framework offers an extensible computational platform for studying Alzheimer's disease progression across subject-specific brain geometries. The models developed, including the image processing framework (BrainImage2Mesh) and the coupled bio-chemo-mechanical COMSOL finite element implementation, are made freely available to download at https://mechmat.web.ox.ac.uk/codes.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00366-026-02313-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":11696,"journal":{"name":"Engineering with Computers","volume":"42 2","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13043544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147622106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isogeometric suitable coupling methods for partitioned multiphysics simulation with application to fluid-structure interaction.","authors":"Jing-Ya Li, Hugo M Verhelst, Henk den Besten, Matthias Möller","doi":"10.1007/s00366-026-02299-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00366-026-02299-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents spline-based coupling methods for partitioned multiphysics simulations, specifically designed for isogeometric analysis (IGA) based solvers. Traditional vertex-based coupling approaches face significant challenges when applied to IGA solvers, including geometric accuracy issues, interpolation errors, and substantial communication overhead. The methodology draws on the IGA mathematical framework to deliver coupling solutions that preserve the high-order continuity and exact geometric representation of splines. We develop two complementary strategies: (1) a spline-vertex coupling method that enables efficient interaction between IGA and conventional solvers, and (2) a fully isogeometric coupling approach that maximizes accuracy for IGA-to-IGA communication. Both theoretical analysis and extensive numerical experiments demonstrate that our spline-based methods significantly reduce communication overhead compared to traditional approaches while simultaneously enhancing geometric accuracy through exact boundary representation and maintaining higher-order solution continuity across the coupled interfaces. We quantitatively confirm the communication efficiency benefits through systematic measurements of both transfer times and data volumes across various mesh refinement levels, with experimental results closely aligning with our theoretical predictions. Our benchmark studies further demonstrate the geometric fidelity advantages through exact boundary representation, while also highlighting how the inherent mathematical structure of splines naturally preserves solution derivatives across interfaces without requiring additional computation or specialized transfer algorithms. This work not only provides efficient coupling strategies tailored to IGA-based solvers but also establishes a practical bridge between IGA and traditional discretization methods in partitioned multiphysics simulations. By offering viable options for coupling conventional solvers with IGA-based components, our approach enables broader adoption of IGA in established simulation workflows while ensuring accurate and high-performance interface communications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11696,"journal":{"name":"Engineering with Computers","volume":"42 2","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13005864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}