{"title":"Signs and Symptoms of Cushing's Syndrome","authors":"R. Kant","doi":"10.35248/2161-1017.21.10.E009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1017.21.10.E009","url":null,"abstract":"The most sensitive and specific test to diagnose Cushing’s syndrome is to measure cortisol levels in the saliva between 11:00 P.M. and midnight. A sample of saliva is collected in a small plastic container and sent to the laboratory for analysis. In healthy people, cortisol levels are very low during this period of time. In contrast, patients with Cushing’s syndrome have high levels. Cortisol levels can also be measured in urine that has been collected over a 24-hour period. What is Cushing’s syndrome?","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"105 3 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77659858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thyroid and Its New Advances in Treatment","authors":"G. Himabindhu","doi":"10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.314","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck. Thyroid produces thyroid hormone (TSH), controls many activities in the body. When thyroid does not make enough thyroid hormones, this condition is called as Hypothyroidism. If the thyroid produces more than the required hormones, this condition is called as Hyperthyroidism. Women are more likely to have thyroid disease more than in men.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78784127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Disease: A Short Note","authors":"H. Gude","doi":"10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.323","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75419295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SGLT2 Inhibitors and Its Role in Diabetes","authors":"G. Himabindhu","doi":"10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.313","url":null,"abstract":"SGLT2 is a low-affinity, and high capacity glucose transporter located in the kidneys (proximal tubule). It is responsible for 90% of glucose reabsorption. Inhibition of SGLT2 leads to decrease in blood glucose due to increase in renal glucose excretion. The mechanism of action of this newest class of drugs also offers further glucose control by allowing increased insulin sensitivity and uptake of glucose in the muscle cells, decreased gluconeogenesis and improved first phase insulin release from the beta cells.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82376260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uncommon Presentation of A Common Disease","authors":"Ashok Venkatanarasu","doi":"10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.312","url":null,"abstract":"At follow up, three and a half months later there was resolution of macroglossia and all the other symptoms with restoration of euthyroid state (T3-103ng/dL, t410.7mcg/dL and TSH0.30 micro IU/mL). We report the rare presentation of primary hypothyroidism as macroglossia. Other causes of macroglossia include amyloidosis, acromegaly, Downs' syndrome and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (Figure 1 & 2).","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79140686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Brief Account on Autoimmune Disorders","authors":"G. Himabindhu","doi":"10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.311","url":null,"abstract":"It is a condition in which immune system attacks your own body. Autoimmune diseases are chronic with asymptomatic preclinical period. Generally, immune system acts against the foreign bodies like bacteria and viruses. In autoimmune disease, immune system attacks your body, like joints or skin, as foreign. It releases proteins called autoantibodies which attack healthy cells in the body. Some autoimmune diseases target only one organ. Some are more common in certain ethnic groups like lupus affects more African-American and Hispanic people than Caucasians. First autoimmune diseases were described in early 1900s.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83990313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endocrine Oncology: Special Issue","authors":"I. Fennoy","doi":"10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.E003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.E003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81649016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Editorial Note on Successful Journey of Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","authors":"R. Kant","doi":"10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.E001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.E001","url":null,"abstract":"Endocrinology & Metabolic Syndrome is an Open Access, rapid peer-reviewed journal that publishes in the areas related to the field such as biosynthesis, storage, chemistry, and physiological function of hormones and with the cells of the endocrine glands and tissues that secrete them","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86389238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elias Mulat, T. Gebremariam, Yohannes Markos, Belay Zawdie, Tilahun Alemayehu Nigatu, Nuredin Abduselam, Mengistu Welde, Shewatatek Gedamu
{"title":"Cardiovascular Risk in Correlation with Physical Activity Level and Body Mass Index among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ethiopia","authors":"Elias Mulat, T. Gebremariam, Yohannes Markos, Belay Zawdie, Tilahun Alemayehu Nigatu, Nuredin Abduselam, Mengistu Welde, Shewatatek Gedamu","doi":"10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1017.20.9.310","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physical inactivity has major negative health consequences throughout the lifespan and physical exercise is an important component of a comprehensive approach to chronic disease prevention and health promotion. Yet, many patients with type two Diabetes Mellitus are often overweight or obese and do not achieve recommended levels of physical activity. Objective: To assess cardiovascular risk in correlation with physical activity level and body mass index among type 2 diabetic patients in some selected hospitals in Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in Six Diabetes Clinics in major hospitals in Ethiopia. Sample size was determined using single population proportion formula. Questionnaire was used for assessment of demographic information and medical record review was also done. Anthropometric, blood pressure, and blood sugar measurements were undertaken. SPSS version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 415 (98.3%) of Type two Diabetes Mellitus patients responded to the questionnaire among whom 232 (55.9%) were men, while 183 (44.1%) were women. The age of the respondents ranged from 25 to 86 years with mean age and standard deviation of 48.88 + 11.29 year. The average estimate of total weekly physical activity was 25.39(SD=+0.117) MET. There were significant differences in the total Cholesterol F (3, 411)=6.956, P=.000, Triglycerides f (3)=67.353, P=.000, HDL F (3)=102.223, P=.000, LDL F (3)=89.081, P=.000, Systolic Blood Pressure F (3)=32.515, P=.000, and HbA1c F (3)=969, P=.000, between underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese participants. Conclusion: Majority of the Type two Diabetes Mellitus patients did not engage in regular physical activity. Both risk factors (physical inactivity and dyslipidemia) were highly prevalent in Type two Diabetes Mellitus patients in Ethiopia. Therefore, their risk of developing CVDs is very high.","PeriodicalId":11670,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"73 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79216867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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