Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets最新文献

{"title":"Neural Stem Cell-based Regenerative Therapy: A New Approach to Diabetes Treatment.","authors":"Kajal Sharma, Nidhi Puranik, Dhananjay Yadav","doi":"10.2174/1871530323666230512121416","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871530323666230512121416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disorder that occurs due to the loss, or impaired function of insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells, which are of two types - type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D). To cure DM, the replacement of the destroyed pancreatic beta cells of islet of Langerhans is the most widely practiced treatment. For this, isolating neuronal stem cells and cultivating them as a source of renewable beta cells is a significant breakthrough in medicine. The functions, growth, and gene expression of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells and neurons are very similar in many ways. A diabetic patient's neural stem cells (obtained from the hippocampus and olfactory bulb) can be used as a replacement source of beta cells for regenerative therapy to treat diabetes. The same protocol used to create functional neurons from progenitor cells can be used to create beta cells. Recent research suggests that replacing lost pancreatic beta cells with autologous transplantation of insulin-producing neural progenitor cells may be a perfect therapeutic strategy for diabetes, allowing for a safe and normal restoration of function and a reduction in potential risks and a long-term cure.</p>","PeriodicalId":11614,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"531-540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9832922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Mentha Pulegium</i>: A Plant with Several Medicinal Properties.","authors":"Smail Amtaghri, Miloudia Slaoui, Mohamed Eddouks","doi":"10.2174/1871530323666230914103731","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871530323666230914103731","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The species &lt;i&gt;Mentha Pulegium&lt;/i&gt; L. (&lt;i&gt;M. pulegium&lt;/i&gt; L.) belongs to the family Lamiaceae, native to Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East, and the genus &lt;i&gt;Mentha&lt;/i&gt;. It has been traditionally used in food, cosmetics, and medicines. It is a perennial, fragrant, well-liked, herbaceous plant that can grow up to half a meter tall. It is extensively used as a food flavoring, particularly for Moroccan traditional drinks. Chewing mint and &lt;i&gt;M. pulegium&lt;/i&gt;, a relaxing and refreshing plant, can be used to treat hiccups and act as an anticonvulsant and nerve relaxant. Pennyroyal leaves that have been crushed have a pungent, spearmint-like scent. Pennyroyal is used to make herbal teas, which, while not proven to be harmful to healthy adults in small doses, are not recommended due to their liver toxicity. Infants and children can die if they consume it. Pennyroyal leaves, both fresh and dried, are particularly effective at repelling insects. Pennyroyal essential oil should never be taken internally because it is highly toxic, even in small doses, it can be fatal. This plant is used in traditional Moroccan medicine to treat a wide range of conditions, including influenza, rheumatism, migraine, infertility, ulcer, pain, gastrointestinal problems, fever, diabetes, obesity, mental and cardiac disorders, constipation, respiratory ailments, and cough. &lt;i&gt;M. pulegium&lt;/i&gt; is a great candidate for contemporary therapeutic usage since it contains a wide variety of biologically active compounds, including terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins in all its parts. Among the different parts used are the whole plant, the aerial part, the stem, and the leaves. More interestingly, the entire plant contains a variety of compounds including Pulegone, Isomenthone, Carvone, Menthofuran, Menthol, 1,8-Cineole, Piperitone, Piperitenone, Neomenthol, -humulene, and 3-octanol. Eriocitrin, Hesperidin, Narirutin, Luteolin, Isorhoifolin, Galic acid, and Rosmarinic acid are found in the leaves. p-hydroxybenzoic acid, Ferulic acid, Caffeic acid, Vanillic acid, Syringic acid, Protocatechuic acid, Cinnamic acid, Phloretic acid, o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, Catechin, Epicatechin, Chrysin, Quercetin, Naringenin, Carvacrol are all found in the areal part. Alterporriol G, Atropisomer, Alterporriol H, Altersolanol K, Altersolanol L, Stemphypyrone, 6-O-methylalaternin, Macrosporin, Altersolanol A, Alterporriol E, Alterporriol D, Alterporriol A, Alterporriol B, and Altersolanol J are also found in the stem of fungus. Pulegone, Piperitone, p-Menthane-1,2,3- triol, β-elemenene, guanine (cis-), Carvacrol acetate, and Phenyl ethyl alcohol are all components of this plant's essential oils. Moreover, the study also sought to investigate and document all currently available evidence and information on the nutritional composition and therapeutic uses of this plant ornamental. Its pharmacological applications include antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti","PeriodicalId":11614,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"302-320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10241754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sublingual Colostrum Application on Oral and Intestinal Flora of Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants.","authors":"Hua Wang, Qiu-Fang Li, Xin-Fen Xu, Xiao-Li Hu","doi":"10.2174/1871530323666230913105820","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871530323666230913105820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of colostrum application on the establishment of normal flora in the intestinal tracts and oral cavities of extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study design was adopted following the STROBE guidelines (Supplementary File 1). Colostrum was administered immediately after obtaining maternal breast milk using a special sterile cotton swab. There were no specific treatments for infants who did not receive colostrum. This experiment was completed on day 5 post-birth and the patients were divided into the colostrum and control groups, corresponding to whether or not colostrum was administered. Throat swabs and stool samples were collected on days 1 and 5 post-birth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using the conventional bacteria cultivation technique, the detection rate of bacteria in 98 cases of meconium at birth was 15.31%. On day 5, the detection rates of <i>Staphylococcus</i> in the colostrum and control groups were 36.54% and 34.78%, with no significant difference between them (P = 0.856), and that of <i>Enterococcus</i> was 26.92% and 13.04%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.089). Likewise, at birth, the detection rate of bacteria in 98 cases of throat swabs was 27.55%. On day 5, the detection rate of <i>Streptococcus</i> in the colostrum and control groups was 78.85% and 50.00%, respectively, recording a statistically significant difference this time (P = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Colostrum application had limited effects on intestinal flora colonization but contributes to physiological oral flora colonization.</p>","PeriodicalId":11614,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"489-494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10245578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination Therapy: A New Tool for the Management of Obesity.","authors":"Pranav Kumar Prabhakar","doi":"10.2174/1871530323666230825140808","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871530323666230825140808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a chronic lifestyle issue with devastating results. Behavioral changes are one of the initial lines of management strategies for obesity, but they are not very efficient management strategies. Many people also use surgical intervention to maintain a healthy weight, now considered to be the most common and effective obesity management. Chemically synthesized medicines fill the gap between lifestyle interventions and minimally invasive surgical management of obesity. The most common issue associated with monotherapy without side effects is its moderate effectiveness and higher dose requirement. Combination therapy is already used for many serious and complicated disease treatments and management and has shown efficacy as well. Generally, we use two or more medicines with different mechanisms of action for a better effect. The commonly used combination therapy for obesity management includes low-dose phentermine and prolonged and slow-releasing mechanism topiramate; naltrexone, and bupropion. Phentermine with inhibitors of Na-glucose cotransporter-2 or glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists with gastric hormone or Na-glucose cotransporter-2 are two more viable combo therapy. This combination strategy aims to achieve success in bariatric surgery and the scientific community is working in this direction.</p>","PeriodicalId":11614,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"402-417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10111445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel TSH Receptor Gene Variant Associated with Non-Autoimmune Hyperthyrotropinemia: A Case Report.","authors":"Ilaria Piva, Simona Censi, Jacopo Manso, Susi Barollo, Loris Bertazza, Carla Scaroni, Caterina Mian, Mattia Barbot","doi":"10.2174/1871530323666230824153915","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871530323666230824153915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Resistance to TSH is defined as reduced sensitivity to normal, biologicallyactive TSH, and abnormally high levels of TSH are needed to achieve normal levels of thyroid hormones.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 15-year-old female patient, having been treated since childhood with levothyroxine for hyperthyrotropinemia was referred to our institution complaining of tachycardia after the levothyroxine therapy had been increased. Thyroid ultrasound features were normal, and thyroid antibodies were negative. The therapy was gradually tapered in light of the symptoms, although subclinical hypothyroidism was evident at thyroid function tests. First-degree relatives were tested for thyroid function, and the father was also found to have a previously-unknown subclinical hypothyroidism. The patient underwent genetic testing for TSH receptor (TSHR) gene mutations, which revealed a gene variant hitherto not described: p.C598R (c.1792T>C). The father was also tested and was found to carry the same mutation, while other first-degree relatives were wild-type for the TSHR gene. An <i>in-silico</i> analysis was performed, which revealed a loss-of-function phenotype corresponding to the described variant, suggesting a novel loss-of-function TSH receptor gene mutation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this case report, we present a novel loss-of-function gene mutation in the TSH receptor gene associated with a TSH resistance phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":11614,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"273-276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10124102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Presenting with Neck Pain and High Sedimentation Rate: Amyloid Goiter.","authors":"Puren Gokbulut, Gonul Koc, Sevdenur Firat, Pelin Oztekin, Pinar Celepli, Seher Kökceoglu, Cavit Culha","doi":"10.2174/1871530323666230907093422","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871530323666230907093422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Amyloid goiter is a rare disease characterized by amyloid deposits that cause sudden growth in the thyroid gland.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Here we present a case of a 26-year-old woman with euthyroid amyloid goiter who presented with subacute granulomatous thyroiditis clinic. Amyloid goiter was detected as a result of core biopsy from the thyroid parenchyma of the patient with sudden thyroid enlargement. Surgery was not applied to the patient who had no pressure symptoms or signs. In systemic amyloidosis secondary to Familial Mediterranean fever, heart and kidney involvement, as well as the thyroid gland, were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Amyloid accumulation should be considered in addition to anaplastic thyroid cancer and lymphoma in patients with sudden thyroid enlargement. It should not be overlooked that amyloid goiter may mimic subacute thyroiditis clinic. Systemic amyloidosis should be considered in patients with amyloid goiter, and an examination should be made to assess the presence of amyloid accumulations in other organs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11614,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"1120-1125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10199772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latex Allergy - From Discovery to Component-resolved Diagnosis.","authors":"Teresa Loverre, Rossella Casella, Andrea Miniello, Danilo Di Bona, Eustachio Nettis","doi":"10.2174/1871530323666230901102131","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871530323666230901102131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Latex allergy is a hypersensitivity response to natural rubber latex (NRL) proteins or rubber chemicals used in the manufacture of latex products. An accurate diagnosis is the first step in the effective management of individuals with latex allergy, especially in high-risk groups, such as healthcare workers and those affected by spina bifida. Diagnosis is based on the clinical history and an accurate allergological evaluation. In the case of type I IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions, which can manifest urticaria, angioedema, rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma and anaphylaxis after latex exposure, skin prick tests or latex-specific IgE (sIgE) antibody detection using serological assays can be performed to confirm sensitization. Instead, in the case of contact dermatitis, a patch test can be applied to confirm the presence of a type IV T cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to rubber accelerators or additives. Basophils activation tests or challenge tests may be performed if there's an incongruity between the clinical history and the results of <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> tests. The aim of this review is to analyze the current state of the art of diagnostic techniques for latex allergy and algorithms employed in clinical practice and possible future developments in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":11614,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"541-548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10553358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenesis of the Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction: The Immune System Keeps Playing at the Backstage.","authors":"Carlo Caiati, Emilio Jirillo","doi":"10.2174/1871530323666230911141418","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871530323666230911141418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11614,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"173-177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10554807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interleukin-38 and Insulin Resistance.","authors":"Kamil Klejbuk, Marek Strączkowski","doi":"10.2174/1871530323666230911114150","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871530323666230911114150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insulin resistance, i.e., decreased biological response to insulin, is a risk factor for many diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, some forms of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. One of its main causes is chronic low-grade inflammation, mediated by the proinflammatory pathways, such as the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway and the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway. Interleukin (IL)-38 (IL-38) is a newly discovered cytokine that belongs to the IL-1 family. There are three hypothetical pathways through which IL-38 may bind to the specific receptors and inhibit their proinflammatory activity. Those pathways are associated with IL-36 receptor (IL-36R), IL-1 receptor accessory protein-like 1 (IL1RAPL1) and IL-1 receptor 1 (IL1R1). There are studies linking IL-38 to improve insulin sensitivity through the difference in serum IL-38 in patients with insulin resistance or the correlation of IL-38 concentrations with insulin resistance indexes. However, many questions still remain regarding the biological activity of IL-38 itself and its role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. The goal of this study is to showcase IL-38, its biological activity, hypothesized signaling pathways, connection with insulin resistance and future perspectives of research on IL-38. We present that IL-38 associated signaling can be a potential target for the treatment of insulin resistance and associated diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11614,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"611-616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Specificity Protein 1 assists the Progression of the Papillary Thyroid Cell Line by Initiating <i>NECTIN4</i>.","authors":"Jie Chen, Adheesh Bhandari, Suzita Hirachan, Shihui Lv, Sumnima Mainali, Chen Zheng, Rutian Hao","doi":"10.2174/1871530323666230413134611","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871530323666230413134611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is one of the subtypes of thyroid cancer with increasing incidence worldwide, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is one of the subtypes of thyroid cancer with increasing incidence worldwide, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Studies have indicated that nectin cell adhesion molecule 4 (NECTIN4) was an oncogene and played an important role in the development and progression of PTC. Meanwhile, specificity protein 1 (SP1) expresses many important oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. However, the relationship between NECTIN4 and SP1 in regulating PTC growth is unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the present study, reverse transcription PCR was utilized to detect the mRNA expression of NECTIN4 and SP1 in thyroid cancer cell lines and normal thyroid cell lines. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and luciferase reporter assays were used to study whether SP1 could bind to the promoter region of NECTIN4 and activate its transcription. The biological functions of SP1 correlated with NECTIN4 were also performed in TPC-1 and KTC1 cell lines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study revealed that the mRNA expression level of SP1 and NECTIN-4 showed a positive correlation and were upregulated in PTC cell lines. Moreover, the results of ChIP and luciferase reporter assays showed that SP1 could bind to the NECTIN4 promoter regions and activate the transcriptional level of NECTIN4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experiments in vitro showed that SP1 could promote cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion by regulating NECTIN4 in PTC cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, our study, for the first time, demonstrated that SP1 could control the transcriptional regulation of NECTIN4 and accelerate the growth of PTC, which may provide a new potential therapeutic target for PTC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11614,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"789-797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9293643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}