ElectrochemPub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3030028
D. Parajuli, D. Shah, Devendra Kc, Subhash Kumar, Mira Park, Bishweshwar Pant
{"title":"Influence of Doping Concentration and Thickness of Regions on the Performance of InGaN Single Junction-Based Solar Cells: A Simulation Approach","authors":"D. Parajuli, D. Shah, Devendra Kc, Subhash Kumar, Mira Park, Bishweshwar Pant","doi":"10.3390/electrochem3030028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem3030028","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of doping concentration and thickness of n-InGaN and p-InGaN regions on the power conversion efficiency of single junction-based InGaN solar cells was studied by the Silvaco ATLAS simulation software. The doping concentration 5 × 1019 cm−3 and 1 × 1015 cm−3 were optimized for n-InGaN and p-InGaN regions, respectively. The thickness of 300 nm was optimized for both n-InGaN and p-InGaN regions. The highest efficiency of 22.17% with Jsc = 37.68 mA/cm2, Voc = 0.729 V, and FF = 80.61% was achieved at optimized values of doping concentration and thickness of n-InGaN and p-InGaN regions of InGaN solar cells. The simulation study shows the relevance of the Silvaco ATLAS simulation tool, as well as the optimization of doping concentration and thickness of n- and p-InGaN regions for solar cells, which would make the development of high-performance InGaN solar cells low-cost and efficient.","PeriodicalId":11612,"journal":{"name":"Electrochem","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80068172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ElectrochemPub Date : 2022-07-25DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3030027
Ru Wang, K. Aoki, Jingyuan Chen
{"title":"Enhancement of the Negative Capacitance Associated with the Dissolution of Silver by Salt Concentrations by Means of Anodic Stripping Voltammetry","authors":"Ru Wang, K. Aoki, Jingyuan Chen","doi":"10.3390/electrochem3030027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem3030027","url":null,"abstract":"The amount of anodically dissolved charge of silver by linear sweep stripping voltammetry has been observed to be smaller than that of the potentiostatically deposited charge. The imbalance in the charge is opposite to the participation in the double-layer capacitance. This can be explained in terms of the negative capacitive current, which is caused by dipoles of generated redox charge (Ag+) with counterions (NO3−). Lower concentrations of counterions may suppress the capacitance to retain the equality of the charge. This prediction is examined in this work by the oxidation of silver film at various concentrations of NO3− by anodic stripping voltammetry. The capacitance decreased with a decrease in the salt concentrations less than 0.05 mol dm−3. Low concentrations of salts prevent loss of the anodic charge in electroanalysis. This dependence was related with the lifespan of generated silver nitrate dipoles and is described theoretically.","PeriodicalId":11612,"journal":{"name":"Electrochem","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74813445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ElectrochemPub Date : 2022-07-07DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3030026
Kirti, Rajeev Gupta, D. N. Srivastava
{"title":"A Biodegradable Polymer-Based Plastic Chip Electrode as a Current Collector in Supercapacitor Application","authors":"Kirti, Rajeev Gupta, D. N. Srivastava","doi":"10.3390/electrochem3030026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem3030026","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we report the performance of a biodegradable polymer-based Plastic chip Electrode (PCE) as a current collector in supercapacitor applications. Its production was evaluated using two redox materials (conducting polymers polyaniline and poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)) and a layered material, rGO. The conducting polymers were directly deposited over the Eco-friendly PCE (EPCE) using the galvanostatic method. The rGO was prepared in the conventional way and loaded over the EPCE using a binder. Both conducting polymers and rGO showed proper specific capacitance compared to previous studies with regular current collectors. Electrodes were found highly stable during experiments in high acidic medium. The supercapacitive performance was evaluated with cyclic voltammetry, charge–discharge measurements, and impedance spectroscopy. The supercapacitive materials were also characterized for their electrical and microscopic properties. Polyaniline and PEDOT were deposited over EPCEs showing >150 Fg−1 and >120 Fg−1 specific capacitance, respectively, at 0.5 Ag−1. rGO continued to show higher particular capacitance of >250 Fg−1 with excellent charge–discharge cyclic stability. The study concludes that EPCs can be used as promising electrodes for electrical energy storage applications.","PeriodicalId":11612,"journal":{"name":"Electrochem","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73457073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ElectrochemPub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3030023
Hao Ma, Wenhui Pei, Qi Zhang
{"title":"Battery Energy Consumption Analysis of Automated Vehicles Based on MPC Trajectory Tracking Control","authors":"Hao Ma, Wenhui Pei, Qi Zhang","doi":"10.3390/electrochem3030023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem3030023","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of automated technology research and development, trajectory tracking plays a crucial role in the energy consumption of the vehicle’s power battery. Reducing the deviation between the actual trajectory and the reference trajectory is the focus of trajectory tracking research. This paper proposes the use of the model predictive control (MPC) method to reduce the deviation of lateral and longitudinal position between the actual driving trajectory and the reference trajectory. First, the driving conditions of the vehicle are reflected by establishing the vehicle dynamics model. Then, the MPC trajectory tracking controller is built by designing the objective function with constraints; Finally, the feasibility of this approach was verified by a joint Carsim-Simulink simulation. The simulation results show that the MPC controller designed in this paper can track the trajectory better, and reduce the lateral and longitudinal position deviation. To a certain extent, the battery energy consumption is reduced and the accuracy of the tracking trajectory and the safety of vehicle driving are improved.","PeriodicalId":11612,"journal":{"name":"Electrochem","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78034589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ElectrochemPub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3020022
S. Lakard, Emmanuel Contal, K. Mougin, B. Lakard
{"title":"Electrodeposition and Characterization of Conducting Polymer Films Obtained from Carbazole and 2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)acetic Acid","authors":"S. Lakard, Emmanuel Contal, K. Mougin, B. Lakard","doi":"10.3390/electrochem3020022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem3020022","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical oxidation of electrolyte solutions containing carbazole (Cz) and 2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)acetic acid (CzA) monomers was performed in acetonitrile solutions. Different Cz and CzA feed ratios were used to electrodeposit solid polymer films of various compositions, and to study the influence of the monomer ratio on the physicochemical properties (electroactivity, topography, adhesion, stiffness, wettability) of the polymer films. Thus, electrochemical oxidation led to the deposition of a solid film of micrometric thickness, but only for the solutions containing at least 30% of Cz. The proportion of Cz and CzA in the electrodeposited polymer films has little impact on the adhesion strength values measured by AFM. On the contrary, this proportion significantly modifies the stiffness of the films. Indeed, the stiffness of the polymer films varies from 9 to 24 GPa depending on the monomer ratio, which is much lower than the value obtained for unmodified polycarbazole (64 GPa). This leads to the absence of cracks in the films, which all have a fairly homogeneous globular structure. Moreover, among the different polymer films obtained, those prepared from 70:30 and 50:50 ratios in Cz:CzA monomer solutions seem to be the most interesting because these green films are conductive, thick, low in stiffness, do not show cracks and are resistant to prolonged immersion in water.","PeriodicalId":11612,"journal":{"name":"Electrochem","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88993256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ElectrochemPub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3020021
P. Pirabaharan, M. Devi, R. Swaminathan, L. Rajendran, M. Lyons
{"title":"Modelling the Current Response and Sensitivity of Oxidase Enzyme Electrodes, Monitored Amperometrically by the Consumption of Oxygen","authors":"P. Pirabaharan, M. Devi, R. Swaminathan, L. Rajendran, M. Lyons","doi":"10.3390/electrochem3020021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem3020021","url":null,"abstract":"Biosensor behaviour is characterised by non-linear differential equations that describe well-defined physical, chemical, and biological processes. Mathematical modelling of these biosensors is highly desirable since they have many applications. These models enable the prediction of a variety of their properties. In this study, the cyclic conversion of the substrate in an amperometric biosensor with an oxidase enzyme membrane electrode is studied using a mathematical model. The governing parameters for the Michaelis–Menten kinetics of enzymatic reactions are the enzyme kinetic and diffusion rates across the enzymatic layer. In this paper, we solved the non-linear equations analytically and numerically for all experimental values of parameters. This problem is simulated in MATLAB® v2016b software using the PDE solver. Our analytical solutions are compared to simulation results to validate the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":11612,"journal":{"name":"Electrochem","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72547020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ElectrochemPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3020020
Mustafa Khan, Xuli Ding, Hongda Zhao, Yuxin Wang, Ning Zhang, Xiaojing Chen, Jiahao Xu
{"title":"Recent Advancements in Selenium-Based Cathode Materials for Lithium Batteries: A Mini-Review","authors":"Mustafa Khan, Xuli Ding, Hongda Zhao, Yuxin Wang, Ning Zhang, Xiaojing Chen, Jiahao Xu","doi":"10.3390/electrochem3020020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem3020020","url":null,"abstract":"Selenium (Se)-based cathode materials have garnered considerable interest for lithium-ion batteries due to their numerous advantages, including low cost, high volumetric capacity (3268 mAh cm−3), high density (4.82 g cm−3), ability to be cycled to high voltage (4.2 V) without failure, and environmental friendliness. However, they have low electrical conductivity, low coulombic efficiency, and polyselenide solubility in electrolytes (shuttle effect). These factors have an adverse effect on the electrochemical performance of Li-Se batteries, rendering them unsuitable for real-world use. In this study, we briefly examined numerous approaches to overcoming these obstacles, including selecting an adequate electrolyte, the composition of Se with carbonaceous materials, and the usage of metal selenide base electrodes. Furthermore, we examined the effect of introducing interlayers between the cathode and the separator. Finally, the remaining hurdles and potential study prospects in this expanding field are proposed to inspire further insightful work.","PeriodicalId":11612,"journal":{"name":"Electrochem","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76367317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ElectrochemPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3020019
Harriet Whiley, T. P. Keerthirathne, Emma J. Kuhn, M. A. Nisar, A. Sibley, P. Speck, K. Ross
{"title":"Efficacy of the PlasmaShield®, a Non-Thermal, Plasma-Based Air Purification Device, in Removing Airborne Microorganisms","authors":"Harriet Whiley, T. P. Keerthirathne, Emma J. Kuhn, M. A. Nisar, A. Sibley, P. Speck, K. Ross","doi":"10.3390/electrochem3020019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem3020019","url":null,"abstract":"Airborne microorganisms play a significant role in the transmission of infectious diseases. As such, improving indoor microbial air quality can enhance infection control in numerous settings. This study examined the efficacy of the PlasmaShield® air purification device to remove airborne microorganisms under laboratory conditions. Pure cultures of model microorganisms at varying concentrations were aerosolized using a 1-jet Collison nebulizer through stainless-steel removable piping prior to reaching the PlasmaShield® device. The surviving microorganisms were captured using the Staplex® MBS-6 Six Stage Microbial Air Sampler and enumerated via culture on agar plates. The positive-hole-corrected colony/plaque-forming units were compared with the negative control (microorganisms aerosolized through an empty PlasmaShield® casing). The PlasmaShield® statistically significantly (p < 0.05) reduced airborne Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacteriophage MS2 and Cladosporium sp. compared with the negative control. The maximum removal achieved was estimated to be 4 × log10E. coli (99.99% removal), 4 × log10S. epidermidis (99.97% removal), 7 × log10 MS2 (99.99998% removal) and 5 × log10Cladosporium sp. (99.999% removal). Scanning electron microscope images of the surviving microorganisms showed that the PlasmaShield® damaged the cell membrane of these model microorganisms. This study provides proof-of-concept evidence to support the use of this technology to improve indoor microbial air quality.","PeriodicalId":11612,"journal":{"name":"Electrochem","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85176160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ElectrochemPub Date : 2022-05-25DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3020018
J. Jaidi, Sandeep Dattu Chitta, Chaithanya Akkaldevi, S. Panchal, M. Fowler, R. Fraser
{"title":"Performance Study on the Effect of Coolant Inlet Conditions for a 20 Ah LiFePO4 Prismatic Battery with Commercial Mini Channel Cold Plates","authors":"J. Jaidi, Sandeep Dattu Chitta, Chaithanya Akkaldevi, S. Panchal, M. Fowler, R. Fraser","doi":"10.3390/electrochem3020018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem3020018","url":null,"abstract":"Rechargeable Li-ion batteries are widely used in renewable energy storage and automotive powertrain systems, and therefore, an efficient thermal management system is imperative for maximum battery life and safety. Battery heat generation and dissipation rates primarily depend on the battery surface temperatures, which are affected by the coolant system design and coolant inlet conditions. In this paper, a two-way coupled electrochemical-thermal simulation with selected experimental validation has been performed and analyzed the effect of water coolant inlet conditions on the effectiveness of commercial mini-channel cold-plates for 20 Ah LiFePO4 prismatic batteries. Three coolant inlet temperatures (25–45 °C) and four flow rates (150–600 mL/min) are tested at three different discharge rates (2–4 C) and the performance of coolant system design has been analyzed in terms of battery peak (maximum) temperature and temperature difference (i.e., non-uniformity) across the battery. The predicted results indicate that the coolant flow rate has a profound effect on the battery temperature non-uniformity, while the coolant inlet temperature has a significant effect on the battery peak temperature. At high coolant flow rates, the battery surface temperature difference is within the acceptable range (ΔT < 5 °C), but the maximum temperatures are high at all discharge rates. Further, at the low coolant inlet temperature of 25 °C and the high coolant flow rate of 600 mL/min, the battery temperature rise at the top and bottom locations during the constant current discharge process is high, indicating that the battery heat generation rate is high at a low coolant inlet temperature.","PeriodicalId":11612,"journal":{"name":"Electrochem","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74848904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ElectrochemPub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3020017
Nibedita Swain, I. Soni, Pankaj Kumar, Gururaj Kudur Jayaprakash
{"title":"Electrochemical Reduction and Voltammetric Sensing of Lindane at the Carbon (Glassy and Pencil) Electrodes","authors":"Nibedita Swain, I. Soni, Pankaj Kumar, Gururaj Kudur Jayaprakash","doi":"10.3390/electrochem3020017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem3020017","url":null,"abstract":"In the agricultural field, pesticides are used tremendously to shield our crops from insects, weeds, and diseases. Only a small percentage of pesticides employed reach their intended target, and the remainder passes through the soil, contaminating ground and surface-water supplies, damaging the crop fields, and ultimately harming the crop, including humans and other creatures. Alternative approaches for pesticide measurement have recently received a lot of attention, thanks to the growing interest in the on-site detection of analytes using electrochemical techniques that can replace standard chromatographic procedures. Among all organochlorine pesticides such as gamma-lindane are hazardous, toxic, and omnipresent contaminants in the environment. Here, in this review, we summarize the different ways of the gamma-lindane detection, performing the electrochemical techniques viz cyclic, differential, square wave voltammetry, and amperometry using various bare and surface-modified glassy carbon and pencil carbon electrodes. The analytical performances are reported as the limit of detection 18.8 nM (GCE–AONP–PANI–SWCNT), 37,000 nM (GCE), 38.1 nM (Bare HBPE), 21.3 nM (Nyl-MHBPE); percentage recovery is 103%.","PeriodicalId":11612,"journal":{"name":"Electrochem","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77362983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}