{"title":"Comparison of Communication-based and Coordinated-based Frequency Control Schemes for HVDC-Connected Offshore Wind Farms","authors":"Yuan-Kang Wu, G. Lu, Chung-Han Lin","doi":"10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334859","url":null,"abstract":"As the penetration of wind generation increases, the frequency support from wind turbines is necessary. There are many advantages for the connection between offshore wind farms and electricity grid via a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) system. HVDC transmission systems help wind farms provide frequency regulation and voltage control, which have more flexibility compared to HVAC transmission systems. Several control methods for frequency support have been developed. However, few works compared various control methods for a HVDC-connected offshore wind farm.This work proposes a detailed comparison on the main frequency-support control methods for the HVDC-connected offshore wind farm. These controls are mainly based on the communication-based schemes and the coordinated-based methods. The communication-based scheme uses communication devices to transfer the information of grid frequency to an offshore wind farm directly. The coordinated-based methods transfer the dynamic information of the DC voltage on HVDC via generator emulation control (GEC), and then enable the voltage source converter (VSC) at the wind-farm side to supply frequency regulation. In this work, the synthetic inertial control of wind turbines is considered, which include inertia and droop controllers; furthermore, the capacitors of the HVDC system can release the stored energy to help wind farms for the frequency-regulation function.","PeriodicalId":115239,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116768588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Nirbhavane, Leslie Corson, S. M. Rizvi, A. Srivastava
{"title":"TPCPF: A Three Phase Continuation Power Flow for Voltage Stability Analysis of the Distribution Systems with DERs","authors":"P. Nirbhavane, Leslie Corson, S. M. Rizvi, A. Srivastava","doi":"10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334849","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a three-phase unbalanced continuation power flow tool (TPCPF) to analyze the voltage stability of distribution systems with high penetration of distributed energy resources (DER). Analyzing distribution system voltage stability with DER will allow high penetration of renewable energy required for sustainability. Developed algorithm can analyze voltage stability for both the meshed and radial system as well as for the balanced and unbalanced three-phase distribution systems. Developed tool allows the voltage stability analysis of the system in order to facilitate the proper planning, operation, control and management of the distribution system. The impact of DER) on the voltage stability of several test cases have been analyzed considering constant power (PQ) and regulated-voltage (PV) modes of operation of DER units. Results demonstrate that developed continuation power flow tool can be used to perform voltage stability analysis for active distribution systems.","PeriodicalId":115239,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116049920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zehua Liang, Dongdong Zhao, Rui Ma, Haiyan Li, Y. Huangfu
{"title":"Continuous Model Predictive Control of Current-fed Half-Bridge Isolated DC/DC Converter","authors":"Zehua Liang, Dongdong Zhao, Rui Ma, Haiyan Li, Y. Huangfu","doi":"10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334796","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the control of the snubberless naturally-clamped soft-switching current-fed halfbridge isolated DC/DC converter. The average state-space model for the converter is established and linearized. Adopting the discrete-time linear predictive model, a continuous control set model predictive controller (CCS-MPC) with fixed switching frequency is firstly proposed for this converter control to improve the converter dynamic performance. Meanwhile, in order to solve the model-mismatch to achieve offset-free tracking, the extended-Kalman observer is designed to obtain the voltage error and the integrated error for dynamically compensating the current reference calculation as a feedforward compensator. Finally, the proposed control strategy is validated by the simulation of MATLAB/Simulink, and the proposed approach can stabilize the output voltage with good steady-state performance and strong robustness against the input voltage and load variations.","PeriodicalId":115239,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116055769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peyman Haghgooei, B. Nahid-Mobarakeh, N. Takorabet, D. Khaburi
{"title":"Online Stator Flux Estimation for a Wound Rotor Synchronous Machine (WRSM)","authors":"Peyman Haghgooei, B. Nahid-Mobarakeh, N. Takorabet, D. Khaburi","doi":"10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334903","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a flux estimator is proposed for a Wound Rotor Synchronous Machine (WRSM). In the proposed method, the stator flux linkage is estimated by considering two auxiliary variables and using a partially known model of the WRSM. The main purpose of this study is to obtain a function for flux in terms of motor currents. In purpose, the stator flux is estimated and mapped according to the currents. Simulation results show the feasibility of the proposed method not only in the maximum torque per ampere control but also in the weakened flux region.","PeriodicalId":115239,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125874030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Surface Conductivity on the Characteristics of the Dielectric Barrier Discharge Actuator","authors":"A. Shaygani, K. Adamiak","doi":"10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334848","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of the surface conductivity on the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) actuator has been numerically investigated in this study. A typical wire-to-plate AC-SDBD actuator to control airflow alongside a flat dielectric plate has been considered. A sinusoidal high voltage of varied frequencies and amplitudes is supplied to the 300-micrometer diameter active electrode, and the passive electrode is encapsulated inside a dielectric plate. Two-species ion transport model, involving generic positive and negative ions, coupled to electrostatics model is assumed. The electrostatic field is affected by both the space and the surface charges. The surface charge is accumulated due to ion deposition, but its distribution varies due to the surface ohmic conduction. The Navier-Stokes equations for the flow simulation, which include the time-averaged electrohydrodynamic (EHD) body force determined from the discharge model, are solved to analyze the flow field and the boundary layer morphology. The numerical algorithm has been implemented in COMSOL commercial package. The significance of the dielectric surface conductivity on the discharge behavior and the flow field has been shown. The dielectric surface conductivity behaves non-monotonically and affects the flow field by altering the EHD force strength, direction and distribution.","PeriodicalId":115239,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124307138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evan S. Jones, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, K. Waters, D. Ionel
{"title":"Electric Power System Studies for a Multi-MW PV Farm and Large Rural Community with Net Zero Energy and Microgrid Capabilities","authors":"Evan S. Jones, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, K. Waters, D. Ionel","doi":"10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334740","url":null,"abstract":"Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are currently being deployed at an accelerated rate because of their cost-competitiveness and environmental benefits, which make them a prime candidate for local renewable energy generation in communities. Microgrids can help accommodate for the problems that accompany PV systems, such as intermittency due to weather, by coordinating different distributed energy resources (DERs), while islanded or by drawing power from the utility while in grid-connected mode. An islanding option is also important for resilience and grid fault mitigation, even if other DERs are not present within the system. This paper studies the potential benefits that a multi-MW utility-scale PV farm may yield for a large rural community when installed within a grid-connected microgrid structure. The PV system was optimally sized based on net present cost (NPC) with a net zero energy (NZE) goal. With local solar PV generation and a connection to the grid to transmit overgeneration through, the community can be NZE by having a PV farm power rating that is much greater than the peak load demand. This may lead to cases of increased transient severity during mode transitions and may require substantial curtailment of PV. A control scheme is proposed to smooth system transients that result from the switching between the two modes of operation in order to avoid system damage or unreliable load service.","PeriodicalId":115239,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123616663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling of a Reciprocating Engine-Generator Set for Controller Hardware in the Loop Testing of Island Microgrid Control Systems","authors":"Jan Westman, R. Hadidi, J. C. Fox, J. Leonard","doi":"10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334745","url":null,"abstract":"This paper demonstrates the modeling of a real engine-generator set based on manufacturer data for use in controller hardware in the loop testing of microgrid control systems. The simulation environment used is RTDS Technologies’ real time digital simulator using PB5 cards. In addition, this paper provides detail on integration of a Woodward easYgen controller with the simulator IO for control of the simulated engine-generator set. Testing of the developed model is performed to validate the standard parameters of the synchronous generator and the dynamic performance of the engine-generator set during starting, load step change, and stopping. The result of this investigation is an engine-generator set model that exhibits the characteristics of real equipment and may be used in the validation of controller hardware and software for the de-risking of microgrid control systems.","PeriodicalId":115239,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121696206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Control of Interleaved Converters with Constant Power Load for DC Microgrid Application","authors":"S. Zhuo, A. Gaillard, D. Paire, F. Gao","doi":"10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334860","url":null,"abstract":"In dc microgrid application, the tightly controlled power electronic load behaves as a constant power load. It features negative incremental impedance and tends to destabilize the dc bus. To better deal with the stability issue, in this paper, a robust dual-loop controller is proposed and applied to the interleaved converters with constant power load. The inductor current inner-loop based on super-twisting algorithm is used to fast track the reference generated from the outer-loop. The energy outer-loop uses the extended state observer (ESO) to estimate in real-time the total disturbance (including the modeling imperfection, and external disturbance), which is then canceled in the control law. The proposed method shows good robustness, and its global stability is proved theoretically. The extension of the proposed method to the system with multiple converters is given as well. Finally, the simulation results validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed controller.","PeriodicalId":115239,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121929083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Amin, G. A. A. Aziz, M. Naraghi, Marvel Palatty, Andrew Benz, Dulce Ruiz
{"title":"Improving the Data Center Servers Cooling Efficiency via Liquid Cooling-based Heat Pipes","authors":"M. Amin, G. A. A. Aziz, M. Naraghi, Marvel Palatty, Andrew Benz, Dulce Ruiz","doi":"10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334731","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel cooling method with a combined heat sinks and water system as a more efficient alternative to the current air-cooling system. The proposed system works by directly cooling the CPU on each server. To uniformly remove the heat from the CPU surface, the heat sink has been redesigned with heat pipes to transfer the heat to water channels which results in a more efficient cooling system. Thus, less water will be needed than a traditional liquid cooling system. This makes the new system more ecofriendly and cost effective. Furthermore, a smart android-based temperature control model is incorporated to adjust the water flow rate of the cooling system and remotely monitor the thermal condition of the CPU. A data acquisition system is utilized to capture the thermal status of the CPU. Accordingly, a digital pulse width modulated switching signal is generated to control the supply voltage of the pump in order to optimize the water pumping power. Thus, the overall efficiency of the proposed cooling system is significantly improved compared to other conventional cooling systems.","PeriodicalId":115239,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131326627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Mizanur Rahman, M. Hossain, Md. Shoriful Islam Talukder, M. Uddin
{"title":"Transformerless Six-Switch (H6)-based Single-Phase Inverter for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System With Reducd Leakage Current","authors":"Md. Mizanur Rahman, M. Hossain, Md. Shoriful Islam Talukder, M. Uddin","doi":"10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334750","url":null,"abstract":"Advancements of power electronic devices and photovoltaic (PV) power systems, there has been an increasing interest in transformerless grid-connected PV inverters due to the benefits of lower cost, smaller volume and higher efficiency compared to the one with the transformer. However, transformerless inverters with conventional topologies suffer from leakage current problem which needs to be handled carefully. In order to overcome the conduction loss and leakage current problem associated with conventional transformerless inverters, a new transformerless H6 (6-switch-based) inverter topology is proposed in this paper that can maintain constant common mode (CM) voltage while reduce or eliminates the leakage current problem. The proposed inverter topology is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software to validate the accuracy of the proposed system. The effectiveness of the proposed topology is verified through the comparative results of CM voltage, CM leakage current and conduction loss of the proposed topology with the conventional H6-I, H6-II and H5 topologies. Finally, to validate the proposed topology, a laboratory prototype is also built and tested. The experimental results validate the theoretical analysis and simulation results.","PeriodicalId":115239,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121107206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}