Eicosanoids最新文献_第7页

5th International Symposium on Prostaglandins in the Cardiovascular System. Vienna, September 22-26, 1991. Abstracts. 第五届心血管系统前列腺素国际研讨会。维也纳，1991年9月22日至26日。摘要。

Eicosanoids Pub Date : 1991-01-01

引用次数: 0

Biosynthesis and interaction of endothelium-derived vasoactive mediators. 内皮源性血管活性介质的生物合成和相互作用。

Eicosanoids Pub Date : 1991-01-01

C Thiemermann

{"title":"Biosynthesis and interaction of endothelium-derived vasoactive mediators.","authors":"C Thiemermann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The vascular endothelium, which envelopes the circulating blood in a continuous monolayer, is not only a physical barrier between blood and vessel wall, but a highly complex \"organ\" which is involved in the regulation of blood vessel tone and permeability, blood coagulation, angiogenesis, leukocyte and platelet reactivity, phagocytosis of bacteria and the metabolism of many vascular mediators. This article focuses on the biosynthesis, biological actions and interactions of endothelium-derived vasoactive mediators, namely, prostacyclin, endothelium-derived relaxing factor--now characterized as nitric oxide--and endothelin, in the regulation of blood vessel tone under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. The formation of these highly vasoactive substances in modulated by changes in intracellular messengers (cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, calcium), by interactions of endothelium with blood-borne cells and plasma constituents and finally by the interaction of these mediators themselves. The current evidence supports the view that nitric oxide plays a pivotal role for the regulation of blood vessel tone under physiological conditions, while the generation of prostacyclin is primarily an important defense mechanism to maintain a sufficient blood vessel patency and tissue viability under conditions of a compromised blood supply. Although the physiological role of the endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin-1 is less well defined, it is apparent that any potential harmful vasoconstrictor effects resulting from an enhanced formation of endothelin under pathophysiological conditions are modulated by the simultaneous generation of prostacyclin, nitric oxide and tissue-plasminogen activator, thus preventing excessive vasoconstriction and thrombotic occlusion of the vascular bed concerned.","PeriodicalId":11520,"journal":{"name":"Eicosanoids","volume":"4 4","pages":"187-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12952140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

13,14-dihydro-PGE1, an in-vivo metabolite of PGE1, decreases mitotic activity induced by corticosteroid administration. 13,14-二氢-PGE1是PGE1的体内代谢产物，可降低皮质类固醇诱导的有丝分裂活性。

Eicosanoids Pub Date : 1991-01-01

P Fitscha, F Rauscha, W Rogatti, B A Peskar, J O'Grady, H Sinzinger

引用次数: 0

Lipoxin A4 elevates cytosolic calcium in human neutrophils. 脂素A4提高人中性粒细胞的胞质钙。

Eicosanoids Pub Date : 1991-01-01

K E Moores, J E Merritt

引用次数: 0

Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The role of eicosanoids. 妊娠期高血压疾病。二十烷类化合物的作用。

Eicosanoids Pub Date : 1991-01-01

H P Zahradnik, W Schäfer, B Wetzka, M Breckwoldt

{"title":"Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The role of eicosanoids.","authors":"H P Zahradnik, W Schäfer, B Wetzka, M Breckwoldt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancies complicated by hypertensive disorders are always extremely hazardous for mother and child. In up to 30% of pregnant women this disease is characterized by feto-maternal dysfunction, looking like a kind of \"chronic anaphylactoid reaction\". As a result of defective genetic control, immunologic events seem to be the central etiologic aspect. Arteriolar vasospasm, pathology of platelets, disseminated intravascular coagulation and finally, elevation of maternal blood pressure, all these symptoms can be regarded as a reaction to immunologic processes. The central role of eicosanoids in the pathogenesis of pregnancy induced hypertension/preeclampsia-eclampsia is generally accepted. We can explain almost all known pathophysiologic abnormalities to be the consequence of disturbed eicosanoid production in a multitude of organs or organ systems. Defective placentation provokes poorly perfused placental tissue. This is correlated with endothelial cell disorder, endothelial damage and denudation. The resulting platelet activation, dysfunction of coagulation and vasoconstriction are due to an increased ratio between vasoconstricting and vasodilating eicosanoids. The suppression of prostacyclin (and PGE) formation in the fetal-placental-maternal unit even before the clinical manifestation of the disease seems to be the conditio sine qua non. So, the homeostatic response to the effects of vasoconstrictors (such as angiotensin, serotonin etc.) in the general and in the placental circulation is impaired. The depressed prostacyclin (and PGE) biosynthesis can be measured in urine. Altered urinary metabolite excretion appears to be a very early index for patients at risk to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension.","PeriodicalId":11520,"journal":{"name":"Eicosanoids","volume":"4 3","pages":"123-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12935215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids augment endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation by enhanced release of EDRF and vasodilator prostaglandins. Omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸通过增强EDRF和血管舒张剂前列腺素的释放来增强内皮依赖性血管舒张。

Eicosanoids Pub Date : 1991-01-01

D L Lawson, J L Mehta, K Saldeen, P Mehta, T G Saldeen

{"title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids augment endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation by enhanced release of EDRF and vasodilator prostaglandins.","authors":"D L Lawson, J L Mehta, K Saldeen, P Mehta, T G Saldeen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary supplementation with fish oil results in augmentation of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in experimental animals. The present study was designed to evaluate the direct in vitro effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) on vascular reactivity in isolated rat aortic rings. Aortic rings were incubated with the omega-6PUFA arachidonic acid (AA, 10(-7) M) or the omega-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 10(-7) M) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 10(-7) M) in an organ bath at 37 degrees C. Following contraction with norepinephrine, changes in isometric force were measured in response to the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine (ACh, 10(-10) to 10(-5) M) or the calcium ionophore A23187 (10(-10) to 10(-5) M). Parallel sets of vascular rings were pretreated with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (10(-5) M) or the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis NG-monomethyl L-arginine (L-NMMA 5 x 10(-5) M) prior to treatment with AA or EPA. Treatment of rings with EPA resulted in an increase (P less than 0.05) in ACh-mediated vasorelaxation compared both to AA-treated and buffer-treated rings (maximum relaxation 83 +/- 5% vs 46 +/- 5% and 63 +/- 4%, respectively). A similar augmentation was observed in DHA-treated rings. Pretreatment of rings with indomethacin or I-NMMA decreased (P less than 0.05) the ACh-mediated vasorelaxation, although EPA-treated rings showed less (P less than 0.05) attenuation of ACh response compared to AA-treated or untreated control rings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":11520,"journal":{"name":"Eicosanoids","volume":"4 4","pages":"217-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12952143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leukotriene and prostaglandin production after infusion of tumour necrosis factor in man. 人肿瘤坏死因子输注后白三烯和前列腺素的产生。

Eicosanoids Pub Date : 1991-01-01

K P Moore, N Sheron, P Ward, G W Taylor, G J Alexander, R Williams

引用次数: 0

Eicosanoids and other bioactive lipids in cancer, inflammation and radiation injury. 2nd International Conference Klinikum Steglitz, Berlin, September 17-21, 1991. Abstracts. 类二十烷酸和其他生物活性脂质在癌症、炎症和辐射损伤中的作用。第二届Klinikum Steglitz国际会议，柏林，1991年9月17-21日。摘要。

Eicosanoids Pub Date : 1991-01-01

引用次数: 0

Beneficial effects of the prostacyclin analogue taprostene on cardiovascular, pulmonary and renal disturbances in endotoxin-shocked rabbits. 前列环素类似物他前列汀对内毒素休克家兔心血管、肺和肾脏紊乱的有益作用。

Eicosanoids Pub Date : 1991-01-01

J Schneider

{"title":"Beneficial effects of the prostacyclin analogue taprostene on cardiovascular, pulmonary and renal disturbances in endotoxin-shocked rabbits.","authors":"J Schneider","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The prostacyclin analogue taprostene protects against lethal endotoxemia in rats. In the present study, the effects of taprostene on endotoxin-induced cardiovascular, pulmonary and renal alterations have been investigated. In anesthetized rabbits, infusion of 0.5 mg/kg Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide i.v. over 30 min produced systemic hypotension, pulmonary hypertension, and decreases in cardiac output, peripheral oxygen delivery and renal glomerular filtration rate. In endotoxemic rabbits treated with taprostene (0.2 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 i.v. over 180 min), the blood pressure tended to be lower than in untreated endotoxemic controls. Taprostene reduced the total peripheral resistance and abolished the endotoxin-induced increases in pulmonary artery pressure and resistance. Taprostene prevented the decreases in cardiac output and peripheral oxygen supply. At the end of the experiment the glomerular filtration rate was higher in taprostene-treated than in untreated endotoxemic rabbits and did not differ significantly from that in non-endotoxemic controls. The results show that taprostene prevents the pulmonary hypertension, preserves cardiac output and peripheral oxygen delivery, and substantially maintains the glomerular filtration rate in endotoxin-shocked rabbits.","PeriodicalId":11520,"journal":{"name":"Eicosanoids","volume":"4 2","pages":"99-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13070409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NADPH-dependent formation of 15- and 12-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid from arachidonic acid by rat epidermal microsomes. 大鼠表皮微粒体由花生四烯酸形成15-和12-羟基二碳三烯酸的nadph依赖性。

Eicosanoids Pub Date : 1991-01-01

J Van Wauwe, M C Coene, G Van Nyen, W Cools, J Goossens, L Le Jeune, W Lauwers, P A Janssen

{"title":"NADPH-dependent formation of 15- and 12-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid from arachidonic acid by rat epidermal microsomes.","authors":"J Van Wauwe, M C Coene, G Van Nyen, W Cools, J Goossens, L Le Jeune, W Lauwers, P A Janssen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Rat epidermal microsomes were incubated with [1-14C]-arachidonic acid for 30 min at 37 degrees C in the absence and presence of NADPH. The arachidonate metabolites that eluted in the \"monohydroxy acid fraction\" on reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were methylated, purified by straight-phase HPLC and analyzed by chromatography with standard compounds, UV spectroscopy and/or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In the absence of NADPH, epidermal microsomes converted arachidonic acid to two major products identified as 15(S)-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE) and 12(S)-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (12(S)-HETE). In the presence of NADPH, the microsomal reaction produced, besides 15(S)- and 12(S)-HETE, two less polar metabolites which were characterized as 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,-eicosatrienoic acid (15-HETrE) and 12-hydroxy-5,8,14-eicosatrienoic acid (12-HETrE). Stereochemical analysis by chiral-phase HPLC showed that the biosynthesized 12-HETrE consisted of a mixture of optical isomers in a S/R ratio of 65:35. Formation of 15- and 12-HETrE was blocked by the mixed cyclooxygenase-lipoxygenase inhibitors quercetin and phenidone but was not affected by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin or the cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase inhibitor metyrapone. These data indicate that rat epidermal microsomes, supplemented with NADPH, are capable of metabolizing arachidonic acid to 15- and 12-HETrE. The production of these compounds may be initiated by lipoxygenase-mediated hydroperoxidation of arachidonic acid.","PeriodicalId":11520,"journal":{"name":"Eicosanoids","volume":"4 3","pages":"155-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12935218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0