ecancermedicalscience最新文献

{"title":"Acute and long-term effects of chemotherapy on cognitive function among Indian breast cancer patients.","authors":"Priti Singh, Chaithanya Leon, Simran Kaur, Atul Batra, Prashant Tayade, Muthukrishnan Suriya Prakash, Ratna Sharma","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2025.1856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Owing to early diagnosis and better therapeutic care, survivorship in these patients have improved tremendously. Chemotherapy, cornerstone in BC management have been associated with debilitating side effects including the effect on cognitive function, which significantly impairs the quality of life in these patients. Thus, it is imperative to understand the timeline and magnitude of the effects of chemotherapy on cognition to develop better management strategies. This is even more relevant in developing country like India, where there is inconspicuous absence of data in this regard.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study the acute and long-term effects of chemotherapy on the cognitive function in BC patients compared to chemotherapy naïve (Cx naïve) BC patients (disease controls) and matched healthy controls (HC) using subjective, objective questionnaires and neuropsychological tests (NPTs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current cross-sectional study involved 120 participants, 30 each of Cx naïve BC patients, during chemotherapy BC patients (during Cx), post-chemotherapy BC patients (post Cx) and HC; all matched for age and education levels. Both subjective and objective assessments of cognitive functions were done in all the groups. Hindi Mental State Examination (HMSE) and FACT Cog questionnaire V3 were used for subjective assessment while Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III) questionnaire and domain specific computer based NPT (Wisconsin card sorting task (WCST) (learning), Flanker's (attention and interference) and <i>n</i> back task (working memory) were done for objective assessment. The data were analysed for descriptive and inferential statistics, as appropriate using GraphPad Prism V9.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The subjective assessment using HMSE questionnaire revealed a significantly lower score in post Cx group as compared to HC (<i>p</i> < 0.001); however, it was comparable in other groups. FACT Cog V3 questionnaire revealed significantly higher cognitive impairment among those during Cx compared to Cx naïve patients (<i>p</i> < 0.001), post Cx BC patients (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and HC (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Meanwhile, the objective assessment using ACE-III examination revealed significantly lesser scores among during Cx patients (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and post Cx BC patients (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) compared to HC group. In NPTs, WCST and <i>N</i> back working memory task revealed significantly lower accuracy in Cx naïve versus post Cx (<i>p</i> = 0.0054, <i>p</i> = 0.0068, respectively) and HC versus post Cx (<i>p</i> = 0.0054, <i>p</i> = 0.0045, respectively), while no significant difference was found in Flanker's task. Furthermore, in WCST there were significantly higher scores present in total reaction time in post Cx compared to Cx naïve: <i>p</i> = 0.00444 and HC: <i>p</i> = 0.0003). In Flanker's task reaction","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1856"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation safety: knowledge, attitudes, practices and perceived socioeconomic impact in a limited-resource radiotherapy setting.","authors":"Kofi Adesi Kyei, Hannah Boateng Addo, Joseph Daniels","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2025.1855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthcare workers in teaching-hospital settings face numerous occupational hazards, necessitating comprehensive safety protocols to protect both staff and patients. Radiation safety is particularly critical in regions like sub-Saharan Africa, where the sharp rise in radiological procedures and radiation treatments demands stringent protocols to mitigate health risks. The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to radiation safety among healthcare workers in a limited-resource setting, as well as evaluate the perceived socioeconomic impact of implementing radiation safety protocols. The research was a quantitative case study of one of the largest radiotherapy centres in Africa. Participants were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using a modified structured questionnaire based on the validated International Atomic Energy Agency radiation safety knowledge, attitudes and practice questionnaire. Data were analysed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. Both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed. Data were summarized using frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations. The study involved 78 participants, comprising 13 physicians, 40 nurses and 25 other health workers. In all, 53.8% were males, whereas 46.2% were females. The mean age was 24.9 years (SD 4.7) ranging from 23 to 47 years. A significant majority (82%) were knowledgeable about effective ways of reducing radiation exposure. All participants considered radiation safety extremely important, with 55% feeling extremely confident in their ability to practice radiation safety measures. The majority (92%) believed that radiation safety was a shared responsibility within the organization. Only 51% frequently checked radiation safety equipment. There was a strong consensus that these protocols positively affect healthcare worker well-being (a mean score of 4.49) and benefit patient care (a mean score of 4.45). Implementation of workplace safety protocols was perceived to improve worker well-being (B = 0.337 and <i>p</i> = 0.001) and benefit patient care (B = 0.391 and <i>p</i> = 0.014). The study highlights a high level of knowledge and positive attitudes towards radiation safety among healthcare workers in a limited-resource radiotherapy setting. While most participants recognized the importance of radiation safety and its shared responsibility, less than half regularly checked safety equipment. There were significant perceptions of the socioeconomic benefits of implementing safety protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1855"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of radiation treatment plan quality in head and neck cancer: a comparative analysis of RapidArc technique with flattening filter and flattening filter-free photon beams.","authors":"Atul Mishra, Sumanta Manna, Kailash Kumar Mittal, Sharad Singh, Neha Yadav","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2025.1854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the treatment plan quality for oral cavity cancers in the head and neck region using the RapidArc (RA) technique with both flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter-free (FFF) photon beams.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this analytical study, treatment plans for 12 patients originally planned with a 6 MV FF photon beam were recreated using the RA technique with a 6 MV FFF photon beam. Identical beam parameters and planning objectives were maintained for both sets of plans to facilitate comparison. All plans were evaluated based on planning indices and doses to organs at risk (OAR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant dose variation was found in the minimum (D_min) and mean (D_mean) doses of the high-risk planning target volume between FF and FFF photon beam RA plans. However, the dose distribution for the low-risk planning target volume was equivalent between the two techniques. The FFF-RA plans demonstrated superior conformity and homogeneity indices compared to the FF plans, with these differences being statistically significant. In addition, the FF-RA plans showed higher doses to the parotid glands, eyes and lenses than the FFF plans. The FFF plans also showed significantly shorter beam-on treatment times and a higher gamma passing index rate compared to the FF plans.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In contrast to the FF photon beam, an FFF photon beam-oriented RA plan provides significant OAR sparing without losing the quality of the treatment plan. High monitor units and beam on time are major highlights of the RA plan with FFF beam.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and preliminary effects of a socio-spiritual intervention for adults with cancer and their family caregivers: a pilot randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Israel O Gabriel, Debra K Creedy, Amanda McGuire, Elisabeth Coyne","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2025.1851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite significant psychosocial-spiritual needs adversely affecting the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of adults living with cancer and their family caregivers in sub-Saharan Africa, there is a dearth of culturally tailored interventions to address these needs. This study evaluates the feasibility of a socio-spiritual intervention designed for adults with cancer and their family caregivers in sub-Saharan Africa, and preliminarily examines its impact on family/social support, spiritual needs, information needs, health literacy and HRQoL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a single-site randomised controlled trial design. Eighty-eight dyads were randomly assigned to either a socio-spiritual intervention (<i>n</i> = 44 dyads) or usual care (<i>n</i> = 44 dyads). The intervention group participated in a 4-week face-to-face training programme with usual care, whereas the control group received only usual care over the same period.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 82 dyads completed the study (40 dyads in the intervention group and 42 dyads in the control group). The eligibility and acceptance rates were >85%, retention was >90% and treatment fidelity was high (between 88.5% and 94.6%). In terms of intervention effects, the intervention was helpful in reducing needs and improving HRQoL of adults with cancer (<i>F</i> (13, 65) = 24.50, <i>p</i> < 0.001; Wilks' Lambda = 0.17) and their family caregivers (<i>F</i> (13, 65) = 14.27, <i>p</i> < 0.001; Wilks' Lambda = 0.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot study established the feasibility of a face-to-face training programme for adults with cancer and their families, as well as its potential for improving HRQoL of this population.This study's findings imply that by supporting individuals with cancer and their family caregivers as a unit of care, both individual needs and components of HRQoL can be maintained or even improved. In current practice in Nigeria, only patients' needs are routinely addressed; caregivers often are left on their own to obtain information and support to deliver complex care in the home.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1851"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatric urachal rhabdomyosarcoma: the role of radiotherapy about a case report and review.","authors":"Salem Ouaddane Alami, Fatima-Zahra Abdelli, Samia Khalfi, Zenab Alami, Touria Bouhafa","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2025.1852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This report discusses the case of a 10-year-old girl diagnosed with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) of the urachus, a rare form of soft tissue cancer in paediatric oncology. RMS, representing 3%-4% of paediatric cancers, arises from primitive muscle cells and requires a multidisciplinary treatment approach. The goal of this case is to enhance understanding of radiotherapy's role in treating RMS in children, particularly in rare sites like the urachus.</p><p><strong>Case: </strong>The patient, with no significant medical history, presented with right lower abdominal pain and was found to have a large abdominal mass. Imaging revealed a massive necrotic tumour and pulmonary metastases. The tumour was initially deemed unresectable, and a biopsy confirmed RMS. Chemotherapy was initiated using the RMS 2005 protocol, which resulted in a 70% tumour reduction. Surgical resection was then performed, and the patient received radiotherapy targeting both the primary tumour and metastases. The treatment showed no significant side effects and follow-up for a year showed no signs of recurrence.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>RMS is a paediatric malignancy with poor survival rates in high-risk and recurrent cases. The urachal origin of RMS is extremely rare, with few cases reported in the literature. Management includes chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy. While no known tumour markers exist, associations with genetic conditions like neurofibromatosis and Li-Fraumeni syndrome have been observed. Treatment aims to cure the disease while minimizing morbidity, with surgery typically preceded by chemotherapy to reduce tumour size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While RMS is the most common soft tissue tumour in children, urachal RMS remains rare. Treatment involves surgery and radiotherapy, but further research is needed to establish standardized treatment protocols for such tumours.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1852"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to focus again on matrix metalloproteinases? Results of complex network analysis involving the pathophysiology of HER2-positive breast cancer.","authors":"Pedro G Buiar, José Danilo Szezech Junior, Matheus Rolim Sales, Giovani Marino Favero","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2025.1850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with significant advances in understanding its multifactorial nature in recent years. The complex structure of molecular and cellular interactions in cancer pathophysiology presents challenges for developing effective treatments. One theoretical model used to study these interactions is the Graph model or Complex Networks, which uses mathematical methods to create graphical figures by connecting vertices (factors) through edges (interactions). This study uses the graph model to determine the complex interactions within the tumour microenvironment of HER2-positive breast cancer. Through a narrative review, 37 factors involved in the pathophysiology of HER2-positive breast cancer were identified and incorporated into a complex network design, starting with the HER2 vertex. The impact of each vertex was determined by calculating the relative error, and a knockout (KO) analysis of vertices was performed to identify their influences within the network. The Wilcoxon test was used to analyze the statistical significance of each KO. Significant alterations in the network structure were observed with the KOs of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPMMP2, MMP9, cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6, TWIST, vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta. Notably, the KOs of (MMPs) MMP2 and MMP9 significantly impacted the network structure and downregulated the HER2 vertex. This raises questions about the potential applicability of targeting MMPs, including the option of HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugates. Could a metalloprotease inhibitor be a good choice for conjugation? Despite the theoretical nature of this model, the results suggest potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Return to work in head and neck cancer survivors: an exploratory multimethod study at a cancer centre in Santiago, Chile.","authors":"Ximena Mimica, Loreto Fernández González, Jorge Sapunar, Felipe Contreras, Matías Lavín, O Gustavo Vial, C Gustavo Vial, Daniel Ledezma, Luis Marín, David Cohn","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2025.1847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors may suffer from functional and psychosocial impairment, and thus, return to work (RTW) often poses challenges. A paucity of evidence on this subject exists in Chile and the region. The aim of this paper is to describe and characterize the RTW of HNC survivors treated at a cancer centre in Santiago.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed an exploratory, cross-sectional design, with a multimethod, quantitative approach. Surgically treated patients with HNC between 2016 and 2022 were invited to participate. Clinical and sociodemographic data were statistically analysed to establish associations with RTW. Participants were surveyed about their process of RTW and income variation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 120 patients identified, 53 agreed to participate. Twenty-nine patients (55%) were men with a median age of 56 years. The most frequent location of the cancer was the oral cavity (62%), and 85% of them had locally advanced tumours. Thirty-seven patients (70%) were working at diagnosis, of which 25 (68%) were men. Twenty-nine (78%) survivors returned to work after treatment. Being a woman was significantly associated with a lower chance of RTW (<i>p</i> = 0.046). No association was found between disease status, tumour location or treatment received and RTW. Of those who resumed working, a third had less income. Job accommodations were made on a case-by-case basis. A third of the survivors decreased their workload.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Being a woman was associated with less RTW. Future interventions should provide support in reintegration into the workplace. This study constitutes the first published data on RTW in Chilean patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1847"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic gastric cancer in fit patients-a practical algorithm of treatment sequencing from the Brazilian Group of Gastrointestinal Tumours (GTG).","authors":"Renata D'Alpino Peixoto, Gabriel Prolla, Anelisa Kruschewsky Coutinho, Julia Andrade de Oliveira, Virgilio Souza E Silva, Rachel Riechelmann, Juliana Florinda de Mendonça Rego, Victor Hugo Fonseca de Jesus, Rui Fernando Weschenfelder","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2025.1848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advancements in biomarker-driven therapies have significantly transformed the treatment paradigm for unresectable metastatic gastric cancer (mGC). These innovations, however, have introduced not only issues related to accessibility but also complexities for treating physicians, particularly general oncologists, in selecting the most appropriate treatment for each patient and deciding on the best sequencing strategy. This manuscript presents an algorithm developed by the Brazilian Group of Gastrointestinal Tumours, designed to provide straightforward guidance in the management of unresectable mGC. This algorithm, grounded in evidence for fit patients, aims to streamline therapeutic decision-making in clinical practice, assuming the absence of access and resource constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1848"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-designing and evaluation of a context-appropriate strategy to improve access to early detection and care of oral, breast and cervical cancers in rural India: a formative phase implementation research protocol.","authors":"Arunah Chandran, Ishu Kataria, Kunal Oswal, Rita Isaac, Meritxell Mallafré-Larrosa, Sathishrajaa Palaniraja, Rajaraman Swaminathan, Rohit Rebello, Nandimandalam Venkata Vani, Bindhya Vijayan, Moni Kuriakose, Arnie Purushotham, Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Jerard Selvam, Richard Sullivan, Partha Basu","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1849","DOIUrl":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In India, cancers of oral cavity, breast and cervix account for more than one-third of all cancers among the Indian population and cause nearly 0.25 million deaths every year in the country. Cancer has a catastrophic impact on the rural men and women of India, the majority of whom are socioeconomically disadvantaged with one-fifth living below the national poverty line. The cancer early detection strategies adopted in India today remain suboptimal. The Access Cancer Care India (ACCI) project aims to design and evaluate a new multilevel strategy, integrated and contextualised to the local health system, to improve access to the early detection and care continuum for oral, breast and cervical cancers among the rural population in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We propose to conduct an effectiveness-implementation hybrid research study in three distinct states of India, focusing on the rural population residing in each state. The study's objectives will be addressed through a series of interrelated and sequential six work packages that encompass stakeholder and policy analysis, a mixed-method study to evaluate barriers and facilitators in accessing early detection services, a health system capacity assessment, a pilot implementation and evaluation and, finally, a determination of the readiness to sustain and scale the strategy. A pragmatic effectiveness-implementation hybrid design will be employed. The study has been granted regulatory clearance by the Health Ministry Screening Committee of India and obtained ethical approval from all collaborating institutions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The ACCI project aims to establish a feasible early detection strategy for breast, cervical and oral cancers, recognizing that successful implementation and sustainability depend on stakeholder engagement, contextual analysis, capacity assessment and readiness for change. The proposed pragmatic study design addresses the challenges faced by policymakers and program managers in making evidence-based decisions. The insights gained from this study will be invaluable for other LMICs that share similar resource constraints and healthcare infrastructure challenges.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registry india: </strong>CTRI/2022/09/045927.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1849"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between tumour necrosis factor-a polymorphism and cervical cancer in Lagos State, Nigeria.","authors":"Sarah O John-Olabode, Ifeoma C Udenze, Adebola A Adejimi, Obiefuna Ajie, Kehinde S Okunade","doi":"10.3332/ecancer.2025.1845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2025.1845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The data on tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) promoter gene polymorphism in the African population are relatively limited, especially in Nigerian women.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence and allele distribution of three TNF-α promoter gene SNPs loci - rs361525 (-238 G>A), rs1799964(-1031 T>C) and rs1800629 (-308 G>A) in women with cervical cancer (CC) and then evaluated the association between TNF-α SNPs and CC among women in Lagos, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study of 75 unmatched human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and uninfected women with and without CC enrolled from October 2021 to January 2023 at the gynaecological oncology, cytology, adult HIV and blood donor clinics of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. About 5 mL of peripheral blood was collected from each participant for total Deoxyribonucleic acid extraction, primer synthesis and genotyping. The probability of developing CC based on the given SNP genotype was expressed as an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval. Allelic frequency deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were calculated using chi-square, and the statistical significance level was considered as two-tailed and set at <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study found that TNF-α -1031 T>C polymorphism was significantly associated with increased CC risk in HIV-negative women (HIV+/CC-; OR = 1.4, 95%CI 0.23-8.42, <i>p</i> = 0.03 and HIV-/CC-; OR = 1.37, 95%CI 0.01-1.68, <i>p</i> = 0.03) while the -308A>G A allele was also significantly associated with CC in HIV-positive women (OR = 1.33, 95%CI = 0.23-7.75).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed that HIV-negative and HIV-positive women who carry the C allele of -1031T>C and the A allele of -308G>A <i>TNF-a</i> promoter gene loci, respectively, are more susceptible to CC. We were also able to show protective linkages for the minor allele of the three SNPs of interest suggesting the potential of TNF-a as a surrogate marker for CC screening in addition to human papillomavirus primary testing. Further studies are required to determine the association between host factors and TNF-a polymorphism to harness the diagnostic and therapeutic advantage these associations will provide in the management of CC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11460,"journal":{"name":"ecancermedicalscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1845"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}