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Formation of icosahedral Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystal in annealed metallic multilayers 退火多层金属中二十面体Al-Cu-Fe准晶的形成
Philosophical Magazine A Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01418610208239624
T. Grenet, F. Giroud, J. Joulaud, M. Capitán
{"title":"Formation of icosahedral Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystal in annealed metallic multilayers","authors":"T. Grenet, F. Giroud, J. Joulaud, M. Capitán","doi":"10.1080/01418610208239624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610208239624","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We study the formation of the icosahedral Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystalline phase in heat-treated elemental multilayers. Pure quasicrystalline films can be obtained in similar annealing conditions independently of the stacking sequence of the multilayers. Using synchrotron radiation diffraction, we study in real time the succession of the intermediate phases formed during ramp heat treatments of Al/Cu/Fe/Cu/Al and Al/Fe/Cu/Fe/Al sandwiches. Al-Cu binary phases are first formed in the early stages for both stacking sequences, despite the presence of Fe layers between Al and Cu in the second configuration. The role played by Fe is discussed. The transient formation of θ-Al3Fe is not observed, although it was believed to be a necessary precursor for the quasicrystal formation.","PeriodicalId":114492,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine A","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127495752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Fractal dimension as a characterization of free volume created during fracture in brittle materials 分形维数作为脆性材料断裂过程中自由体积的表征
Philosophical Magazine A Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01418610208240430
J. J. Mecholsky, J. West, D. Passoja
{"title":"Fractal dimension as a characterization of free volume created during fracture in brittle materials","authors":"J. J. Mecholsky, J. West, D. Passoja","doi":"10.1080/01418610208240430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610208240430","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Observations of characteristic markings on the fracture surface of brittle materials can be used to quantitatively describe non-equilibrium fracture. The relationship between quantitative fractography and fracture mechanics is first presented to describe the fracture of primary bonds as a fractal process. Next, molecular dynamics (MD) and molecular orbital (MO) modelling of the fracture in silicon single crystal and silica glass demonstrates that experimentally measurable quantities can be obtained from modelling. The fracture process is then described as a series of quantized, bond reconfiguration events related to the production of free volume at the crack tip. A series of these reconfigurations along the crack front, due to thermal vibrations and lowest energy configurations, develop into the mirror-mist-hackle and crack branching patterns often observed. The fractal dimensional increment, D*, is described as a scaling factor for both the fracture energy and the geometry of the fracture surface volume created. Fractal geometry, fracture mechanics, MD and MO calculations and fractographic observations can be used in concert to link the atomic bond-breaking process to the formation of the observed fracture surface topography.","PeriodicalId":114492,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine A","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125115356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Cleavage cracking resistance of large-angle grain boundaries in Fe-3 wt% Si alloy fe - 3wt % Si合金大角度晶界的抗解理开裂性能
Philosophical Magazine A Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01418610208240445
A. Argon, Yao Qiao
{"title":"Cleavage cracking resistance of large-angle grain boundaries in Fe-3 wt% Si alloy","authors":"A. Argon, Yao Qiao","doi":"10.1080/01418610208240445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610208240445","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Large-angle grain boundaries in steel offer an important resistance to the propagation of cleavage cracks that affects the fracture toughness and can modulate the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature of fracture downwards. This behaviour has been studied in bicrystals of Fe-3 wt% Si alloy in detail. It was noted that the twist misorientation across a large-angle boundary has a more profound effect on cleavage fracture resistance than the tilt misorientation does. Specific measurements of such resistance at −20°C over a random selection of large-angle grain boundaries in bicrystals and associated fractographic studies have led to quantitative models of this resistance. The study has also revealed a transition from pure cleavage to mixed cleavage at around 0°C for this alloy, above which the observed increment of fracture work could be associated with the sigmoidal plastic bending and rupture of ligaments left between separate primary cleavage strips in the adjoining grain.","PeriodicalId":114492,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine A","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130815484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 47
Plasticity-induced crack closure under plane-strain conditions in the near-threshold regime 近阈值状态下平面应变条件下的塑性裂纹闭合
Philosophical Magazine A Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01418610208240442
R. Pippan, F. Riemelmoser, H. Weinhandl, H. Kreuzer
{"title":"Plasticity-induced crack closure under plane-strain conditions in the near-threshold regime","authors":"R. Pippan, F. Riemelmoser, H. Weinhandl, H. Kreuzer","doi":"10.1080/01418610208240442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610208240442","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The change in cyclic plastic deformation at a fatigue crack tip as a function of crack extension and the variation in the crack closure are investigated. The cyclic plastic deformation is modelled by the motion of discrete dislocations. At constant applied crack driving force, the cyclic plastic deformation, that is the cyclic crack-tip-opening displacement, decreases with increasing crack extension. This is caused by an increase in stress intensity factor where the crack closes or, in other words, by a decrease in the local driving force. The crack closure stress intensity reaches a constant level after a crack extension of the order of the size of the plastic zone. Near the threshold of stress intensity this effect, namely plasticity-induced crack closure, is somewhat larger than in the Paris regime.","PeriodicalId":114492,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine A","volume":"293 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121825125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Correlations in the arrangement of antistructure point defects in intermetallic phases with B2 (CsCl) structure 金属间相反结构点缺陷排列与B2 (CsCl)结构的相关性
Philosophical Magazine A Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01418610208239631
R. Krachler, H. Ipser
{"title":"Correlations in the arrangement of antistructure point defects in intermetallic phases with B2 (CsCl) structure","authors":"R. Krachler, H. Ipser","doi":"10.1080/01418610208239631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610208239631","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on the Bragg-Williams approximation, a statistical-thermodynamic approach is presented for non-stoichiometric binary B2 phases with a pure anti-structure defect mechanism. Whereas in the original Bragg-Williams model only the state of long-range order is considered and no correlations are allowed in the arrangement of the point defects, short-range order is introduced as an equilibrium property of the system in the present work. This new approach is applicable not only both to highly ordered intermetallic compounds and to completely disordered alloys but also in the region of the order-disorder transition. The obtained phase boundary which describes the order-disorder transition is in good agreement with the results predicted by Monte Carlo calculations.","PeriodicalId":114492,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine A","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125884851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Function of hydrogen in intergranular fracture of martensitic steels 氢在马氏体钢晶间断裂中的作用
Philosophical Magazine A Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01418610208240452
M. Nagumo, H. Matsuda
{"title":"Function of hydrogen in intergranular fracture of martensitic steels","authors":"M. Nagumo, H. Matsuda","doi":"10.1080/01418610208240452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610208240452","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The mechanism of intergranular-mode fracture in hydrogen-related failure of high-strength martensitic steels has been investigated. Pronounced degradation of tensile properties appeared with increasing manganese content in a slow-elongation-rate test under concurrent hydrogen charging. The fracture mode was intergranular with tear traces along martensite lath boundaries. The tear traces disappeared and the average surface roughness decreased with increasing manganese content. Thermal desorption analysis of hydrogen charged to deformed specimens has been conducted using hydrogen as a probe of defects. It was revealed that the density of point defects increased owing to straining and was more noticeable in steels with a higher manganese content. In common with transgranular-mode fracture, the primary function of hydrogen in intergranular-mode fracture is thought to be one of stabilizing and increasing the density of strain-induced vacancies that lead to the formation of microcracks or microvoids in the vicinity of boundaries. The constraint of plastic deformation at grain boundaries due to boundary phases is likely to determine the susceptibility to hydrogen-related failure induced by strain concentration.","PeriodicalId":114492,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine A","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123785222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 63
Finite-size effects in thin-film composites 薄膜复合材料中的有限尺寸效应
Philosophical Magazine A Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01418610208239635
C. Murray, I. C. Noyan
{"title":"Finite-size effects in thin-film composites","authors":"C. Murray, I. C. Noyan","doi":"10.1080/01418610208239635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610208239635","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Many formulations of the mechanical response of thin-film composites consider the film layers to extend to infinity in the surface plane of the composite. These layers are also assumed to be much thinner than the substrate. Under these assumptions the stress in the substrate becomes negligibly small and the stress transfer between layers does not depend on the elastic moduli of the interfaces. Consequently, in most studies of blanket thin films these terms have received little attention. For thin-film composites with finite dimensions, these terms may be important and they can be calculated from the traditional shear lag model and its extensions. In this paper we show that these models provide widely divergent results when applied to the same structure. These differences arise from the initial stress state and geometry assumptions implicitly contained in such models. Comparison with experimental observations shows that further work is required before these models can be applied to patterned thin-film structures.","PeriodicalId":114492,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine A","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127783458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
Dislocation dipoles in nanoscale films with compositional inhomogeneities 成分不均匀的纳米薄膜中的位错偶极子
Philosophical Magazine A Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01418610208239636
I. A. Ovid'ko, A. Sheinerman
{"title":"Dislocation dipoles in nanoscale films with compositional inhomogeneities","authors":"I. A. Ovid'ko, A. Sheinerman","doi":"10.1080/01418610208239636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610208239636","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A theoretical model of misfit dislocations and their dipole configurations in nanoscale films with compositional inhomogeneities is suggested. Energy characteristics of misfit dislocation dipoles are calculated. The critical film thickness is estimated which characterizes the energetically favourable generation of misfit dislocation dipoles in films with compositional inhomogeneities. The results of the suggested model account for experimental data obtained by Wang et al. on observation of dislocation dipoles in nanoscale Ga0.5In0.5P films.","PeriodicalId":114492,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine A","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130770495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
A model for the stress corrosion fracture of glass 玻璃的应力腐蚀断裂模型
Philosophical Magazine A Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01418610208240435
H. Auradou, D. Vandembroucq, C. Guillot, E. Bouchaud
{"title":"A model for the stress corrosion fracture of glass","authors":"H. Auradou, D. Vandembroucq, C. Guillot, E. Bouchaud","doi":"10.1080/01418610208240435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610208240435","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of a population of surface flaws on the failure time of glass under static loading and subject to stress corrosion. The presence of cracks modifies the stress field within the material and they induce a shielding of the stress at the crack tips hence increasing the lifetime of the material. We show that this effect becomes important when the length of the cracks is comparable with the distance separating them. Moreover, in the limit of small cracks, we have developed a model to estimate the lifetime of the material.","PeriodicalId":114492,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine A","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121640507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
On the formation of deformation bands in fatigued copper single crystals 铜单晶疲劳变形带的形成
Philosophical Magazine A Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01418610208239637
S. Li, X. Li, Z. Zhang, Z. G. Wang, K. Lu
{"title":"On the formation of deformation bands in fatigued copper single crystals","authors":"S. Li, X. Li, Z. Zhang, Z. G. Wang, K. Lu","doi":"10.1080/01418610208239637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610208239637","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The features of the deformation bands (DBs) in copper single crystals under cyclic straining were surveyed. A simple model was proposed to account for the formation of DBs. In this model, both crystal rotation and dislocation density variation induced by cyclic straining were considered. The gradual lattice rotation caused by tension and compression irreversibility is the main driving force for the formation of DBs. The drastic release of mobile dislocations resisted by the primary slip bands is the direct trigger for the formation of DBs. From this analysis, one may understand why the formation of DBs is easier in copper single crystals with double- and multiple-slip orientations than that with single-slip orientation. At the same time the effect of the dislocation avalanche factor on the formation of DBs was discussed.","PeriodicalId":114492,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine A","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127585207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
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