Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy最新文献_第2页

Augmentation of DNA synthesis in placental and fetal tissues in utero by maternal growth hormone treatment. 母体生长激素对子宫内胎盘和胎儿组织DNA合成的促进作用。

Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy Pub Date : 1997-12-01

W Botero-Ruiz, W J Biggers, M K Sanyal

{"title":"Augmentation of DNA synthesis in placental and fetal tissues in utero by maternal growth hormone treatment.","authors":"W Botero-Ruiz, W J Biggers, M K Sanyal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of maternal exogenous growth hormone treatment on in utero conceptus development was evaluated in the rat. The periods of response and stimulation of DNA synthesis on embryo/fetal and placental tissues were assessed by subcutaneous injections of ovine growth hormone (oGH) preparations during pregnancy days 11-15, autopsied on day 16; and during pregnancy days 11-20 and 16-20, autopsied on day 21. To determine DNA biosynthesis potential, thymidine (methyl-3H) was administered through the jugular vein 14-16 h prior to sacrifice. DNA content and uptake of radiolabeled thymidine into DNA were analyzed for whole embryos on day 16, and for fetal liver, brain and remaining body tissues on day 21 of pregnancy. Placental tissues from oGH-treated mother and controls were also quantified for DNA content and radiolabeled thymidine uptake. oGH treatment produced a significant increase (p < 0.05) in radiolabeled thymidine uptake into DNAs of different fetal organs compared to saline-treated controls matched for weight and litter number during the latter part of gestation (fetal histogenesis period; pregnancy days 16-20). The stimulatory influence of maternal growth hormone treatment on DNA contents and radiolabled thymidine uptake on placental tissues at this period of gestation was also significantly different from that of the controls. Rat conceptus tissues (embryos and placentas) during the organogenesis period of early gestation (days 11-15) appeared to be unresponsive to such treatment. Thus, these results suggest that maternal growth hormone influences conceptus growth during the latter part of gestation and activation of placental functions may be an important aspect of stimulation of cell proliferation in the rat fetus.","PeriodicalId":11444,"journal":{"name":"Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20958602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth factors in preimplantation development: role of insulin and insulin-like growth factors. 生长因子在植入前发育中的作用:胰岛素和胰岛素样生长因子。

Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy Pub Date : 1997-09-01

S Heyner

{"title":"Growth factors in preimplantation development: role of insulin and insulin-like growth factors.","authors":"S Heyner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In vitro studies of preimplantation embryos from a number of mammalian species have shown that the oviduct and uterus contain growth factors that stimulate cellular proliferation and differentiation of preimplantation embryos. The mammalian preimplantation embryo was first viewed as an autonomous entity, due to the ease with which mouse embryos could be cultured from the two-cell stage on to the blastocyst. This view changed following studies in other species, notably domestic animals, which revealed the presence of 'blocks' to development, when embryos were cultured in vitro. Another line of evidence leading to the view that the maternal environment is crucial for optimal development, was the finding that embryos cultured in vitro lag developmentally behind their in vivo counterparts. This developmental retardation could be ameliorated when washings from the reproductive tract or specific growth factors were added to the media. The expression of genes for growth factors and their receptors is regulated in a tissue-specific manner as well as temporally and spatially during mammalian development. In this review, information regarding the expression and role of polypeptide growth factors of the insulin family during preimplantation mammalian development is summarized.","PeriodicalId":11444,"journal":{"name":"Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20958701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic risk in natural and medically assisted procreation. 自然和医疗辅助生育中的遗传风险。

Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy Pub Date : 1997-09-01

L Koulischer, A Verloes, S Lesenfants, M Jamar, C Herens

引用次数: 0

11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme activity in granulosa cells derived from ovarian follicles of in vitro fertilization patients. 体外受精患者卵泡颗粒细胞β -羟基类固醇脱氢酶活性的研究。

Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy Pub Date : 1997-09-01

A O'Shaughnessy, O Muneyyirci-Delale, V L Nacharaju, A Baker, K Benfer, D Summers, L Hoover, J Carlson, C Hourani, D Lurie

{"title":"11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme activity in granulosa cells derived from ovarian follicles of in vitro fertilization patients.","authors":"A O'Shaughnessy, O Muneyyirci-Delale, V L Nacharaju, A Baker, K Benfer, D Summers, L Hoover, J Carlson, C Hourani, D Lurie","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) activity was measured in freshly frozen granulosa cells isolated from follicles of twenty-one infertility patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). A total of 213 follicles were analyzed for 11 beta-HSD activity. Both nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) dependent 11 beta-dehydrogenase activities were measured in granulosa cells. The activity in reductive direction (11-oxoreductase activity) was not measurable either with NADH or NADPH as cofactors. NAD- and NADP-dependent dehydrogenase activities are in comparable levels at 100 nmol/l and 1 mumol/l corticosteroid concentrations. For comparing enzyme activities of individual follicles, significant enzyme activity was considered to be a level of > 2 nmol/l/min/mg. 41.3% of the follicles demonstrated enzyme activity, 58.7% did not. The mean 11 beta-dehydrogenase (11 beta-DH) activity was calculated for each patient. Those patients with levels > 2 nmol/l/min/mg were considered enzyme positive; those with mean levels < 2 nmol/l/min/mg were considered negative. No significant association was noted between follicle size, oocyte maturity or fertilization rates and 11 beta-DH activity. This study noted the presence of 11 beta-DH activity in granulosa cells, however, no association with oocyte maturity and fertilization was found.","PeriodicalId":11444,"journal":{"name":"Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20958704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is the endometrial suction curette useful in the detection of chorionic villi during the first trimester? 子宫内膜吸刮器在妊娠早期检测绒毛膜绒毛有用吗?

Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy Pub Date : 1997-09-01

D L Hock, P S Amenta, E Kemmann

{"title":"Is the endometrial suction curette useful in the detection of chorionic villi during the first trimester?","authors":"D L Hock, P S Amenta, E Kemmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is important for its medical management. Algorithms used for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy recommend obtaining a tissue diagnosis to rule out an intrauterine pregnancy when it is clear that a pregnancy is abnormal, but a stage of sonographic visualization has not been attained. The ability of an endometrial suction curette to identify products of conception early in pregnancy has not been documented. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of an endometrial suction curette in detecting products of conception during the first trimester.Methods: Twenty patients scheduled for termination of pregnancy via D&C agreed to endometrial sampling prior to dilatation of the cervix. All patients had transvaginal sonography which verified the gestational age. The specimen was evaluated microscopically after staining.Results: Chorionic villi were identified in 14 of 20 (70 per cent) specimens as seen with light microscopy.Conclusion: An endometrial suction curette identifies chorionic villi from an intrauterine gestation in the first trimester with a sensitivity of 70 per cent. While most patients with an intrauterine gestation can be identified using an endometrial suction curette to obtain trophoblastic tissue, the absence of this tissue does not definitively identify an ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, the routine use of the endometrial biopsy in the algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy should be approached with caution.","PeriodicalId":11444,"journal":{"name":"Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20958597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expression and production of interleukin-10 by human trophoblast: relationship to pregnancy immunotolerance. 人滋养细胞白细胞介素-10的表达和产生:与妊娠免疫耐受的关系。

Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy Pub Date : 1997-09-01

W A Bennett, S Lagoo-Deenadayalan, N S Whitworth, M N Brackin, E Hale, B D Cowan

{"title":"Expression and production of interleukin-10 by human trophoblast: relationship to pregnancy immunotolerance.","authors":"W A Bennett, S Lagoo-Deenadayalan, N S Whitworth, M N Brackin, E Hale, B D Cowan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a T-helper type-2 (Th2) cytokine noted for its ability to suppress cytokine synthesis by T-helper type-1 (Th1) cells. IL-10 may play a role in pregnancy immunotolerance through the establishment of a Th2 cytokine bias at the maternal-fetal interface. This study examines the expression and production of IL-10 by normal and malignant human trophoblast. Term placental biopsies, cloned choriocarcinoma cell lines and isolated human trophoblast were utilized for the study of IL-10 expression. Choriocarcinoma cells (BeWo, JEG-3, JAR) were maintained in T-flask culture until confluence and then harvested by enzymatic dispersion. Purified term trophoblast were obtained by sequential trypsin/DNAse digests and CD9 immunoaffinity chromatography. Amplified IL-10 mRNA was detected by a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) technique. BeWo cells were maintained in artificial capillary culture (ACC) and conditioned media assayed for IL-10. Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF; 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 ng/ml) was added to the BeWo cultures to examine its effects on trophoblast IL-10 production. IL-10 determinations were performed using a human ELISA system. IL-10 mRNA was detected in each trophoblast cell type examined with the exception of the JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cell line. IL-10 protein was also detected (range 6-22 pg/ml) in BeWo media on days 8 to 11 of culture. When serum was reduced in the culture media, IL-10 levels fell below the sensitivity of the assay (5 pg/ml). Subsequent addition of GM-CSF stimulated BeWo IL-10 secretion in a dose-related fashion. These results support the concept IL-10 is expressed at the human maternal-fetal interface, and production of this important immunoregulatory molecule may be regulated, in part, by GM-CSF.","PeriodicalId":11444,"journal":{"name":"Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20958705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current progress in early pregnancy investigation. 早期妊娠研究进展。

Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy Pub Date : 1997-09-01

B M Polliotti

引用次数: 0

Characterization of human chorionic gonadotropin peptide variants with a radio-receptor assay using recombinant human luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptors. 利用重组人黄体生成素/绒毛膜促性腺激素受体的放射受体试验，鉴定人绒毛膜促性腺激素肽变异。

Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy Pub Date : 1997-09-01

H H Ho, J F O'Connor, J W Overstreet, B L Lasley

{"title":"Characterization of human chorionic gonadotropin peptide variants with a radio-receptor assay using recombinant human luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptors.","authors":"H H Ho, J F O'Connor, J W Overstreet, B L Lasley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"There are potential interactions between various human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) isoforms at the level of luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin (LH/CG) receptor. The objective of this study was to characterize the receptor-binding activities of the primary peptide variants of hCG including intact hCG, free beta subunit, beta-core fragment and nicked hCG, and to test the effects of these hCG variants on the binding of intact hCG. A radio-receptor assay based on cell membranes expressing recombinant human LH/CG receptors was validated and used in this study to avoid species differences in the receptor-binding specificity. The results showed that none of the hCG variants that we studied had sufficient binding affinity to compete with binding of intact hCG, nor were they able to antagonize the binding of intact hCG. These results suggest that hCG variants with either abbreviated polypeptide structures or incomplete peptide linkage are products or metabolites which do not have the tropic biological activity of the whole hormone, the intact heterodimeric hCG.","PeriodicalId":11444,"journal":{"name":"Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20958707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glucose transporter (Glut1, Glut3) mRNA in human placenta of diabetic and non-diabetic pregnancies. 糖尿病和非糖尿病妊娠人胎盘中葡萄糖转运蛋白(Glut1, Glut3) mRNA的表达。

Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy Pub Date : 1997-09-01

E Sciullo, G Cardellini, M G Baroni, P Torresi, A Buongiorno, P Pozzilli, F Fallucca

{"title":"Glucose transporter (Glut1, Glut3) mRNA in human placenta of diabetic and non-diabetic pregnancies.","authors":"E Sciullo, G Cardellini, M G Baroni, P Torresi, A Buongiorno, P Pozzilli, F Fallucca","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Transport of glucose into the cell is catalyzed by glucose transporters (Glut). Glut1 and Glut3 are expressed at various levels in many human tissues, including the placenta. It has been reported that ambient glucose can affect both glucose transport activity and expression of the Glut genes, and protein. To date, very few studies concerning Glut in the placenta have been published, and studies in vivo in human diabetic pregnancy are lacking. We therefore investigated placental Glut1 and Glut3 mRNA by Northern blot analysis in ten diabetic (five insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), two non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and three gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)) and nine non-diabetic women. The quantitative results of specific mRNA/beta-actin ratios were expressed as arbitrary units. The results were evaluated according to metabolic and clinical findings. Glut1 and Glut3 mRNA values in diabetic and non-diabetic pregnant women were similar. The metabolic environment seems to affect the Glut3 mRNA levels in IDDM pregnant women but not the control women. In addition, Glut3 mRNA decreased in late pregnancy in the diabetic but not in the control women. Moreover, Glut1 mRNA levels were correlated with maternal age in the diabetic as well as in the control women (significantly). Finally, an inverse correlation was found between Glut1 mRNA levels and placental weight (in both diabetic and non-diabetic women). These results, although preliminary, shed some light on the function of these glucose transporters in normal as well as in diabetic pregnancies and prompt us to carry out a further investigation to better elucidate fetomaternal metabolic correlation at the placental level.","PeriodicalId":11444,"journal":{"name":"Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20958703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cell microchimerism in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion: preliminary results. 复发性自然流产患者的细胞微嵌合:初步结果。

Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy Pub Date : 1997-09-01

A Cadavid, M T Rugeles, B Peña, F Sánchez, H García, G García, J Botero, Castañeda, J Ossa

{"title":"Cell microchimerism in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion: preliminary results.","authors":"A Cadavid, M T Rugeles, B Peña, F Sánchez, H García, G García, J Botero, Castañeda, J Ossa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of non-host male cell microchimerism in a group of women with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). The detection of male cell microchimerism was based upon amplification of a fragment of Y chromosome DNA obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the mother. The amplification products were electrophoresed, transferred onto nylon membranes and hybridized with a specific 32P-labelled probe. The products were visualized by autoradiography. Seventy-seven patients with RSA were studied. Some patients (42.8%) had received immunotherapy for RSA using live mononuclear cells from male donors. Of the 77 patients 46 (59.7%) were positive for the selected Y chromosome sequence, 22 (28.6%) had no evidence of Y chromosome DNA and in nine (11.7%) cases the chimeric status could not be defined since the amplified band was too faint to be clearly assigned as positive. Twenty patients were pregnant at the time of sampling. There were no statistically significant differences among the different variables studied: age of the mother, number of previous pregnancies, number of previous immunotherapeutic inoculations or period of time between the last inoculation and sampling. Male cell microchimerism has been reported in some but not all women who have given birth to male children. The dynamics for the establishment of this chimeric status and its persistence have not been defined. We found that most patients with RSA (59.7%) were positive for microchimerism but that this could not be correlated with abortion, current pregnancy or leukocyte immunotherapy. A prospective study is being undertaken to determine if there is a subset of patients negative for chimerism who become positive after alloimmunotherapy with male lymphocytes and have an improved prognosis for successful pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":11444,"journal":{"name":"Early pregnancy : biology and medicine : the official journal of the Society for the Investigation of Early Pregnancy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20958706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0