Chao Fang, Haixia Yang, Junfeng Hui, Daidi Fan, Jianjun Deng
{"title":"Natural bioactive compounds as potential sources for alleviation and treatment of androgenetic alopecia: A research advance","authors":"Chao Fang, Haixia Yang, Junfeng Hui, Daidi Fan, Jianjun Deng","doi":"10.1002/efd2.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.138","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alopecia is a common chronic skin disease, which can be categorized as androgenetic alopecia (AGA), scarring line alopecia, genetic alopecia, and chemical alopecia due to the different reasons. Among which AGA caused by metabolism of the androgen system accounts for the majority. Due to the high prevalence of AGA and the lack of an effective cure, the urgent search for a safe and effective anti-AGA drug has been our aim. With the advantages of its own wide source and low toxicity and side effects, the use of natural bioactive compounds and their extracts in the treatment of AGA has been a research hotspot. The objective of this work is to compile and synthesize experimental findings on natural bioactive compounds that possess the potential to alleviate AGA. On the basis of the known pathogenesis of AGA, combined with the target analysis of AGA by network pharmacology, identify natural bioactive compounds and their signaling pathways for the treatment of alopecia and hair growth promotion, and select representative hotspot compounds, to reveal their specific mechanisms and abstract the commonalities. Based on previous extensive research, hundreds of AGA targets (e.g., Wnt, TGF, and VEGF) closely regulate neogenesis, tissue development, and vascular function, to collect and summarize compounds such as ginseng, baicalein, curcumin, and so on, which have great potential to improve hair growth. Our work will inspire future research based on their mechanisms of action, providing more complete evidence and ideas for the feasibility of developing natural anti-AGA drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11436,"journal":{"name":"eFood","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/efd2.138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139915721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jupeng Gong, Li Yang, Qiaoling Su, Weizhi Zhong, Jianbo Xiao
{"title":"Gut microbiota and host metabolizing enzymes co-contribute to pharmacokinetic variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats","authors":"Jupeng Gong, Li Yang, Qiaoling Su, Weizhi Zhong, Jianbo Xiao","doi":"10.1002/efd2.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic difference of quercetin between normal and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Our results showed that the mean residence time and half time were significantly increased, while the peak concentration was significantly reduced in T2DM rats, compared to the control rats. In addition, quercetin remained a high concentration in the liver for a long time with the highest concentration (13.51 ± 4.66 μg/mL) at 4 h after oral administration in T2DM rats. Furthermore, the <i>CYP3A4</i> messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were downregulated and <i>UGT1A1</i> mRNA levels in liver were upregulated in T2DM rats. In addition, the relative abundances of <i>Bacteroides, norank, Parabacteroides</i>, and <i>Alistipes</i> were decreased, while the relative abundances of <i>Acrococcus, Frisingicoccus, Romboutsia</i>, and <i>Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1</i> were increased in the T2DM rats. The metabolism of quercetin in T2DM rats was slower compared to the normal group, which may be related to the lower level of <i>CYP3A4</i> and the higher level of <i>UGT1A1</i> in T2DM, as well as the significant enrichment of <i>Acrococcus</i> and other bacteria in the gut of T2DM rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":11436,"journal":{"name":"eFood","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/efd2.137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139915722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quercetin ameliorates hyperuricemic nephropathy by repressing uric acid synthesis and reabsorption in mice and cells","authors":"Wenhui Li, Xuerui Chen, Feng Li, Zhang Huiyao, Zunyang Song, Dapeng Li","doi":"10.1002/efd2.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.139","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hyperuricemia as one of the key factors for gout, and quercetin could reduce the uric acid (UA) content. However, the mechanism of quercetin reduces UA content is still uncovered. Herein, we found quercetin can reduce UA content, induce antioxidant enzyme activity, inhibit the enzyme activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) in hyperuricemia mice. Moreover, the UA reabsorption was also significantly reduced in the kidney and the kidney inflammation was alleviated by quercetin in hyperuricemia mice. Meanwhile, the protein level of ATP-binding cassette super-family G member 2 (ABCG2) was markedly induced and the protein levels of urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) were significantly repressed by quercetin in hyperuricemia mice and HK-2 cells and by quercetin-3-<i>O</i>-glucuronide in HK-2 cells. Additionally, the docking mode indicated that quercetin is stable bound to the active site of XOD. Overall, the data reveal that quercetin alleviates hyperuricemia by repressing the activity of XOD, reducing the UA absorption via enhancing ABCG2 expression, and repressing URAT1 and GLUT9 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":11436,"journal":{"name":"eFood","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/efd2.139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139915723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tingting Ma, Ming Cheng, Xin Wen, Kexue Zhu, Xin Zhang, Chao Zhao, Hesham R. El-Seedi, Xiangdong Lin, Yongcheng Li, Lulu Zhu, Jun Cao, Chuan Li
{"title":"Serum metabonomic study to explore the amelioration mechanisms of co-fermented collagen peptide-jackfruit juice on the immunosuppressed mice","authors":"Tingting Ma, Ming Cheng, Xin Wen, Kexue Zhu, Xin Zhang, Chao Zhao, Hesham R. El-Seedi, Xiangdong Lin, Yongcheng Li, Lulu Zhu, Jun Cao, Chuan Li","doi":"10.1002/efd2.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.135","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The main purpose of this study was to investigate the improvement effect and serum metabolomic analysis of co-fermented collagen peptide-jackfruit juice (FPJ) against immunosuppression in cyclophosphamide-induced mice. Serum samples were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) targeted metabolomics technology, including the normal group, model group, and FPJ group, and determine if such treatments were able to revert immunosuppression-related metabolic changes to normal status. The results showed that 32 differential metabolites were upregulated and 42 metabolites were downregulated in the model group compared with the normal group. After FPJ intervention, there was a trend of normal callback. Adenosine, inosine, guanosine, 2-deoxyadenosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, \u0000<span>d</span>-xylulose-5-phosphate, ribulose-5-phosphate, phenylpyruvic acid, hippuric acid, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid, 3-ureidopropionate, uridine, dCDP and malonic acid may be used as predictive markers of immunosuppression. Notably, these biomarkers were involved in purine metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, phenylalanine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism. In this study, FPJ inhibited oxidative stress and improved the gut microbes by regulating the disorders of metabolic pathways. The metabolomics approach developed herein provides novel insight into the metabolic disturbances associated with immunosuppression, which will contribute to understanding the mechanism of FPJ on immunosuppression further and providing a basis for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11436,"journal":{"name":"eFood","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/efd2.135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139720143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioactivity, DNA damage protecting, and aroma potential of oleuropein enriched olive leaf extract by optimization of ultrasound-assisted process","authors":"Ceren Ilgaz, Haşim Kelebek, Pınar Kadiroglu","doi":"10.1002/efd2.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, Box–Behnken experimental design was employed to optimize Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method to obtain oleuropein-rich extract from olive leaf. The effect of three parameters, ethanol concentration (30%–70%), amplitude (30%–50%), and ultrasonication time (5–15 min) on oleuropein content were evaluated through experimental design. The total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, DNA damage scavenging activity, aroma profile, and antimicrobial activity of olive leaf were also investigated. The optimum extraction condition was determined as 30% amplitude, 70% ethanol, and 5 min extraction time. The amount of oleuropein was found to be 42.621 mg/g dry leaves at the optimum condition. The total phenolic content of the optimized extract was found as 45.13 mg GAE/g dry leaves while the antioxidant capacity of the optimized extract was 216 µmol Trolox/g in DPPH and 213.19 µmol Trolox/g in ABTS method. Twenty-three volatile compounds were identified in extracts, mainly aldehydes and alcohols. The extracts showed high antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial strains. DNA damage protecting activity of extracts on plasmid DNA was clearly demonstrated. UAE has an important effect on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of olive leaves. Moreover, oleuropein-rich extract can have potential as a therapeutic agent depending on its antimicrobial and DNA-protecting activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11436,"journal":{"name":"eFood","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/efd2.134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139719824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuting Liu, Chuang Ma, Ye Zhang, Yining Wang, Jinlong Tian, Bin Li, Jin Zhao
{"title":"Different processing methods on anthocyanin composition and antioxidant capacity in blueberry juice: Based on metabolomics and DFT analysis","authors":"Shuting Liu, Chuang Ma, Ye Zhang, Yining Wang, Jinlong Tian, Bin Li, Jin Zhao","doi":"10.1002/efd2.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.131","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Blueberry juice is one of deep-processed products of blueberries, anthocyanins are main bioactive substance in blueberry juice. However, anthocyanins have poor stability. Thermal, high pressure, electric field, magnetic field and cobalt source irradiation were used to treat blueberry juice, and then the treated blueberry juice composition and antioxidant capacity were determined to explore ways to better protect anthocyanins. Metabolomics was used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the anthocyanins in blueberry juice, a total of 54 anthocyanins were identified. Different processing methods of treatment did not significantly change the types of anthocyanins in blueberry juice. Their effects were mainly focused on the changes in content. By determining the antioxidant capacity of blueberry juice, it was found that there is more than a simple linear relationship between the total anthocyanin content of blueberry juice and its antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the structural parameters of the four main anthocyanin monomers of blueberry juice were calculated using density functional theory to predict the antioxidant capacity and the antioxidant capacity of the monomers was determined for validation. The effect of different treatments on the change of antioxidant activity of blueberry juice due to anthocyanin occupancy was explained using equivalent antioxidant. The results showed that the 1 kGy irradiation treatment had a better protective effect on the anthocyanins, whereas the change in the percentage of anthocyanins due to this treatment was the key factor for the change in their antioxidant capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11436,"journal":{"name":"eFood","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/efd2.131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shilpa Susan Scaria, Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian, Arun Meyyazhagan, Jaya Gangwar, Juhi Puthukulangara Jaison, Jissa Theresa Kurian, Karthika Pushparaj, Manikanatan Pappuswamy, Sungkwon Park, Kadanthottu Sebastian Joseph
{"title":"Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)—A potential source of phytochemicals, food, and nutrition—An updated review","authors":"Shilpa Susan Scaria, Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian, Arun Meyyazhagan, Jaya Gangwar, Juhi Puthukulangara Jaison, Jissa Theresa Kurian, Karthika Pushparaj, Manikanatan Pappuswamy, Sungkwon Park, Kadanthottu Sebastian Joseph","doi":"10.1002/efd2.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cassava (<i>Manihot esculenta</i> Crantz) is believed to be an important staple food crop providing potential valuable food source as well as variety of phytoconstituents. Its starchy tubers provide a significant source of energy for around 500 million individuals. Among staple crops, it is regarded to be one of the top suppliers of carbohydrates. Its physicochemical qualities, as well as its availability, have made it a captivating food component. Cassava starch is a valuable raw material used to make a variety of both native and modified starch for cooking purposes. They have also been used for a variety of industrial uses. Cassava starch and flour have the potential to be valuable alternatives to rice, maize, and wheat crops. The advantages included being a staple diet for humans, a component of animal feeds, a raw ingredient for food processing, edible coatings, locally produced alcoholic beverages, and ethanol manufacturing. The roots consist of cyanogenic glycosides, which can lead to lethal cyanide poisoning if tubers arse not properly detoxified using different processing methods include washing, fermentation, boiling, peeling and chemical processing to escape toxin content. The current review summarizes cassava's bioactive components which could be a potential source of various pharmaceutical drugs as well as a source of traditional and modern food applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11436,"journal":{"name":"eFood","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/efd2.127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The potential of future foods for a sustainable future","authors":"Jing Wang, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1002/efd2.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.133","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Future foods have attracted widespread attention due to the view of a sustainable supply of food and nutritional health. At present, the food industry still faces high energy consumption and pollution, which have caused enormous pressure on the ecological environment, and raised new requirements for future foods. Food synthetic biology converts raw materials into important food ingredients, functional food additives, and nutritional chemicals through cell factories to solve the unsustainable problem in food processing. As an important component of the food industry, food 3D printing has many advantages including customized food design, personalized and digital nutrition customization, simplifying the food supply chain, and broadening the source of food ingredients, which will make up for the deficiency of traditional food processing technology. The promotion of the research and application of future foods will help to improve the natural environment, alleviate the resource and energy crisis, and achieve sustainable social development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11436,"journal":{"name":"eFood","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/efd2.133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rekhashree Devi, Awanish Singh, Ditimoni Dutta, Nandan Sit
{"title":"Physicochemical properties of barley starch and effect of substitution of wheat flour with barley starch on texture and sensory properties of bread","authors":"Rekhashree Devi, Awanish Singh, Ditimoni Dutta, Nandan Sit","doi":"10.1002/efd2.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.132","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the present study, starch was isolated from barley and the physicochemical and functional properties of the starch were examined. Then the starch was used to prepare bread by substituting wheat flour at three different levels, namely 5%, 10%, and 15%. The rheological properties of the dough and the texture and sensory properties of the prepared breads were investigated. The moisture, protein, starch, fat and ash content of the barley starch (BS) were 10.39 ± 0.03%, 0.08 ± 0.02%, 94.30 ± 0.02%, 0.12 ± 0.03%, and 0.09 ± 0.04%, respectively, whereas the amylose content of the BS was 18.68 ± 0.01%. The rheological study showed the pseudoplastic nature of BS. The elastic moduli values were higher than viscous moduli values for the control dough, and dough prepared by substituting 5% and 10% BS. But in the case of 15% substitution, the elastic moduli values were lower than viscous moduli values. The texture and sensory evaluation studies also showed that bread prepared by substituting wheat flour with BS has better texture and consumer acceptability than the control sample. It can be concluded that wheat flour can be substituted with BS by up to 10% to improve the texture of the bread.</p>","PeriodicalId":11436,"journal":{"name":"eFood","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/efd2.132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139655151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A review on pesticides degradation by using ultraviolet light treatment in agricultural commodities","authors":"Kavitha Lakshmipathy, Susmitha Sindhu, Archana Singh, Sunil Chikkaballapur Krishnappa, Chidanand Duggonahally Veeresh","doi":"10.1002/efd2.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/efd2.129","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, but their persistence in agricultural products can lead to potential health risks and environmental pollution. Traditional methods for removing pesticide residues from food products, such as washing, peeling, and salting, are often insufficient and time-consuming. As a result, there has been a shift towards nonthermal processing techniques, such as ultraviolet (UV) disinfection. UV disinfection methods, such as low-pressure and medium-pressure mercury lamps, are more efficient and environmentally friendly and can effectively remove pesticide residues from food and agricultural products. Recently, the contamination of food products' surfaces with pesticides has become a significant concern in the food industry. This review paper provides an overview of the basic principles of UV light production, pesticides, and the use of UV in eliminating pesticide residues from agricultural products. The toxicity of photoproducts from pesticides that result from UV treatment is also discussed. Additionally, this paper explores how modified, and combined UV light applications can impact the dissipation of pesticides in agricultural commodities. To sum up, the use of UV light is effective for pesticide degradation but requires further research to optimize the technology and evaluate potential photoproduct toxicity. Future studies should concentrate on developing UV Vacuum technology and exploring synergistic combinations with other methods to improve pesticide reduction in agricultural commodities.</p>","PeriodicalId":11436,"journal":{"name":"eFood","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/efd2.129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139400050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}