{"title":"Thermal management of compact nanocrystalline inductors for power dense converters","authors":"Yiren Wang, G. Calderon-Lopez, A. Forsyth","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2018.8341398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341398","url":null,"abstract":"Enhanced thermal management continues to be the key to the miniaturisation of high-frequency magnetic components and to increased converter power densities. Thermal finite element analysis has been used to examine the use of high-thermal-conductivity ceramic heat spreaders in the potted structure of a nanocrystalline-cored DC inductor to mitigate the local temperature rise due to the concentrated gap losses. The thermal performance of different heat spreader and potting materials has also been investigated. The heat spreader technique is validated by experimental results on two 350 A, 60 kHz DC inductors, showing a hot spot temperature reduction of 20 °C with embedded aluminium nitride heat spreaders, which may allow a smaller core to be used. By using the heat spreaders about 30 % weight reduction is illustrated for a higher frequency DC inductor design (300 A, 150 kHz). Furthermore, the impact of the potting compound's thermal conductivity is studied, revealing that a size reduction of up to 50% is possible with the heat spreaders in addition to an improved potting material.","PeriodicalId":113756,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121183544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Dargahi, K. Corzine, J. Enslin, M. Abarzadeh, A. K. Sadigh, José R. Rodríguez, F. Blaabjerg
{"title":"Duo-active-neutral-point-clamped multilevel converter: An exploration of the fundamental topology and experimental verification","authors":"V. Dargahi, K. Corzine, J. Enslin, M. Abarzadeh, A. K. Sadigh, José R. Rodríguez, F. Blaabjerg","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2018.8341390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341390","url":null,"abstract":"For medium-voltage (MV) industrial applications such as the HVDC and adjustable-speed ac-motor drives, the multilevel voltage-source converters are deemed the predominant topologies. One of the promising derived-topologies from the neutral-point-clamped (NPC) configuration is the active NPC (ANPC) structure with an improved balanced lossdistribution performance. This paper introduces duo-ANPC (D-ANPC) converter topology, which is controlled with a new modulation technique. The suggested control method regulates the flying capacitor (FC) voltages naturally at their reference values and preserves the indispensable attribute of the natural balance in the FC-based ANPC inverters. The D-ANPC converter's phase leg is formed by equipping the classic ANPC converter with additional two low-frequency (LF) MV power switches, adding up to six in contrast to four LF power switches in the ANPC. The proposed D-ANPC converter has considerable advantages over the classic multilevel inverters that makes it a competitive topology for MV applications. The substantial reduction in the number of the high-frequency (HF) MV insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) by 50% in comparison with the classic ANPC converter as well as a drastic abatement in the total voltage rating and the stored energy of the FCs are the main significant advantages offered by the D-ANPC multilevel converter over the flying-capacitor-based inverters. This study explores the fundamental circuitry of the proposed D-ANPC multilevel topology and provides an exhaustive comparison with classic FC-based inverters. The experimental results are presented to validate the proposed D-ANPC topology and its modulation.","PeriodicalId":113756,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120968881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy storage system control strategy to minimize the voltage and frequency fluctuation in the microgird","authors":"Qin Lei, Yunpeng Si, Yifu Liu","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2018.8341215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341215","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper is to solve the voltage and frequency fluctuation problem of microgrid in the standalone operation. The proposed main idea is to use super capacitor to prevent large voltage and frequency fluctuation during the transient and use the battery to maintain the long-term voltage and frequency stability. The control strategies for the renewable energy sources, storage system, load and power quality improvements devices in three different operation modes “grid-connected”, “standalone”, and “transient of islanding and reconnection” have been proposed. A sample microgrid system is used to verify the effectiveness of the control strategies.","PeriodicalId":113756,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127287590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Awab A. Ali, Jonathan Lange, A. Elrayyah, Y. Sozer, J. A. De Abreu-Garcia, A. Mpanda
{"title":"A hybrid flyback LED driver with utility grid and renewable energy interface","authors":"Awab A. Ali, Jonathan Lange, A. Elrayyah, Y. Sozer, J. A. De Abreu-Garcia, A. Mpanda","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2018.8341588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341588","url":null,"abstract":"In renewable energy sources, the objective is maximum extraction and utilization of the available power. In this paper a hybrid flyback converter with multi ports-an AC Grid, a PV and a DC LED ports — is proposed to be used as an LED driver. The converter has the capability to achieve two objectives: first to maintain a continuous supply to the LED lighting system either from the Photovoltaic (PV) panel or the grid, and second to achieve maximum utilization of the solar PV panel by tracking the maximum power point and exporting surplus power to the grid, or getting the power deficit from the grid. The topology of the converter, operating principle, modes of operation and control structure are presented in this work. The concept of the hybrid flyback converter is verified using Matlab Simulink®. An experimental prototype is developed and tested for a 120-watt system, with 35 VDC solar panels, 120 Vrms 60 Hz grid and 24 VDC LED lights.","PeriodicalId":113756,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115131659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Li, M. Ashourloo, M. Rose, H. Bergveld, O. Trescases
{"title":"Integrated switched-capacitor-based cold-start circuit for DC-DC energy harvesters with wide input/output voltage range and low inductance in 40-nm CMOS","authors":"David Li, M. Ashourloo, M. Rose, H. Bergveld, O. Trescases","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2018.8341307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341307","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines an integrated switched-capacitor (SC)-based cold-start circuit for dc-dc energy harvesters that uniquely combines a low cold-start voltage, wide input/output voltage and low inductance value in the boost stage. The proposed design specifically targets size-constrained, self-powered Internet-of-Things applications. The proposed design is an SC circuit built from low-threshold-voltage devices operating in the sub-threshold region and provides the drive voltage for high-threshold-voltage devices of the boost dc-dc converter. The SC circuit is an NMOS-based Dickson charge pump driven synchronously with a series of cross-coupled voltage doublers and voltage multiplying gate drivers. The SC circuit, which is integrated together with a boost converter as the dc-dc energy harvester, has been implemented in a 40-nm CMOS process for future system-on-chip integration. The measured results show that with a 4.7 μH boost converter inductance, the design can start up from typical input voltages as low as 190 mV while offering up to 2.4 V input and 5 V output voltage compatibility.","PeriodicalId":113756,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127032324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Gong, Z. Liu, Y. Wang, K. Gupta, C. D. da Silva, T. Liu, Z. Zheng, W. Zhang, J. van Lammeren, H. Bergveld, C. Amon, O. Trescases
{"title":"IC for online EIS in automotive batteries and hybrid architecture for high-current perturbation in low-impedance cells","authors":"Z. Gong, Z. Liu, Y. Wang, K. Gupta, C. D. da Silva, T. Liu, Z. Zheng, W. Zhang, J. van Lammeren, H. Bergveld, C. Amon, O. Trescases","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2018.8341280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341280","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new custom IC optimised for online Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) characterisation of battery packs at the cell-level, with 200 mA peak perturbation current. In addition, a new hybrid power architecture is demonstrated that has been designed to be embedded in the battery management system of a new electric pick-up truck. The hybrid architecture consists of 1) a linear current regulator, 2) a small ultracapacitor, and 3) an isolated Cuk converter that is part of the balancing system, which also supplies the 12V auxiliary loads. The architecture leverages the signal processing capabilities of the IC and extends the perturbation range to 40 A peak while limiting the thermal losses. Experimental EIS measurements are performed for four parallel-connected 44 Ah Lithium Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt-oxide pouch cells, each with 1 mQ nominal internal resistance, at 40 A peak excitation current.","PeriodicalId":113756,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129051554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun Sakata, M. Taguchi, S. Sasaki, T. Kuroda, Keiji Toda
{"title":"An EMI-less full-bridge inverter for high speed SiC switching devices","authors":"Jun Sakata, M. Taguchi, S. Sasaki, T. Kuroda, Keiji Toda","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2018.8341379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341379","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the efficiency of inverters used in hybrid cars and electric vehicles (EVs), SiC-MOSFET transistors are used to minimize the switching losses by high-speed switching. However, as the speed increases, surges and ringing occur in the output voltage, and these can cause electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this paper, we study how this issue can be addressed by using a full bridge inverter to suppress common-mode voltages and cancel ringings currents with opposite phase that are generated when driving at high speed. In most cases, one should assume that transistors that are driven simultaneously have slightly different I-V characteristics. Due to this variation, the ringing cannot be completely canceled, resulting in a common-mode voltage. Although this is liable to cause EMI, we also found that if the two transistors are operated close to the point where the maximum switching current occurs, the common-mode voltage fluctuation can be sufficiently suppressed at any current. We analyzed these characteristics in a simulation using a SiC-MOSFET transistor model, and experimentally verified its behavior in a prototype inverter.","PeriodicalId":113756,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126480610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hossein Dehghani Tafti, A. Sangwongwanich, Yongheng Yang, G. Konstantinou, J. Pou, F. Blaabjerg
{"title":"A general algorithm for flexible active power control of photovoltaic systems","authors":"Hossein Dehghani Tafti, A. Sangwongwanich, Yongheng Yang, G. Konstantinou, J. Pou, F. Blaabjerg","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2018.8341156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341156","url":null,"abstract":"The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is generally implemented in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power plants to maximize the energy yield. However, as the penetration level increases, challenging issues such as overloading and overvoltage arise in PV applications. Accordingly, a constant power generation (CPG) operation, in which the PV output power is limited to a specific value, has been imposed by some grid regulators to alleviate the integration challenges. In that case, the combined operation of MPPT and CPG is required, which increases the complexity of the controller design. To generalize the two control objectives, a flexible active power control algorithm that combines both MPPT and CPG operating modes is proposed. The proposed algorithm can optimize the performance in both modes (i.e., MPPT and CPG). By adjusting the voltage-step between two consecutive operating points, fast dynamics and low-power oscillations can be obtained. The performance of the proposed strategy is evaluated through simulations and experiments under different irradiance and power reference profiles.","PeriodicalId":113756,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114261092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Abramov, M. Evzelman, Or Kirshenboim, Tom Urkin, M. Peretz
{"title":"Low voltage sub-nanosecond pulsed current driver IC for high-resolution LIDAR applications","authors":"E. Abramov, M. Evzelman, Or Kirshenboim, Tom Urkin, M. Peretz","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2018.8341090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341090","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a new low voltage sub-nanosecond monolithic pulsed current driver for light detection and ranging (LIDAR) applications. Unique architecture based on a controlled current source and Vernier activation sequence, combined with a monolithic implementation that allows operation with low input voltage levels, high-resolution pulse width and sub-nanosecond rise and fall times. An on-chip low voltage pulsed driver sub-nanosecond prototype has been implemented in a TS 0.18-μm 5V-gated power management process. It incorporates an integrated wide range sesnseFET based current sensor and a rail-to-rail comparator for current regulation. To characterize the avalanche capabilities of the integrated lateral MOSFET power devices required for the driver IC, a separate line of investigation has been carried out. Several lateral diffused MOS (LDMOS) power devices have been custom designed and experimentally evaluated for a life-cycle performance characterization. Post-layout analysis of the power driver IC is in a good agreement with the theoretical predictions. For a 5V input voltage, rise and fall times of the laser pulse light output are on the order of hundreds of picoseconds, with currents up to 5A. To validate the concept of high-resolution pulse width generation and short fall time, a discrete prototype has been constructed and experimentally tested.","PeriodicalId":113756,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129980467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A full-order sliding mode flux observer with stator and rotor resistance adaptation for induction motor","authors":"Yuanbo Guo, Ze Li, B. Dai, Xiaohua Zhang","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2018.8341113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2018.8341113","url":null,"abstract":"For resolving the imprecise flux estimation caused by parameters variation of induction motor, a full-order sliding mode flux observer with stator and rotor resistance adaptation is proposed in this paper by constructing the state equations with the stator currents and rotor flux as variables. This scheme identifies stator and rotor resistances during flux estimation, updating the changing stator and rotor resistance of flux estimation system to ensure the robustness of the whole parameter estimation operation. Taking the advantage of the second order low-pass filter characteristic of the designed observer, the high-frequency switching noise contained in the flux can be filtered without the addition of extra low-pass filter. The observer is applied to the direct torque control (DTC) of induction motor to achieve good control performance. The simulation results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.","PeriodicalId":113756,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120998034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}