Drugs in Context最新文献

{"title":"Long-term pasireotide-LAR treatment in the personalized therapy of patients with complex acromegaly: a collection of clinical experiences","authors":"S. Chiloiro, Marialuisa Appetecchia, Antonio Bianchi, Denise Costa, Christine De Acetis, Patrizia Gargiulo, A. Giampietro, Andrea M Isidori, M. Jaffrain-Rea, Marina Passeri, Francesca Pigliaru, Maurizio Poggi, L. De Marinis","doi":"10.7573/dic.2024-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.2024-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11362,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Context","volume":"49 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world prevalence of integrase inhibitor resistance and virological failure since adoption as guideline-preferred therapy","authors":"Jenna Januszka, Emily Drwiega, Rodrigo Burgos, Renata Smith, Melissa Badowski","doi":"10.7573/dic.2023-12-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.2023-12-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11362,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Context","volume":"56 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140970111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A narrative review of fixed combination calcipotriol/betamethasone aerosol foam (Enstilar®) in the management of psoriasis with scalp involvement","authors":"Petra Staubach, Andreas Körber, Ralph M Trüeb, Caroline Mann, Ralph von Kiedrowski","doi":"10.7573/dic.2024-1-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.2024-1-6","url":null,"abstract":"The scalp is the most common site affected in patients with psoriasis with up to 80% of these patients having some degree of scalp involvement. In this narrative review, we evaluate available data on the use of an innovative aerosol foam formulation of calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate (Cal/BD) to treat patients with psoriasis and scalp involvement. The full PubMed database was searched using the terms “cal-cipotriol”, “betamethasone dipropionate” and “aerosol foam”, and all articles relating to “psoriasis with scalp involvement” were retrieved and used in the preparation of this review. The evidence supporting the clinical effectiveness, tolerability and impact on health outcomes of Cal/BD aerosol foam in patients with scalp psoriasis was obtained from a phase II clinical trial and real-world evidence data from a non-interventional study as well as from two case series. The findings from these studies show that Cal/BD aerosol foam is rapidly effective, improves skin condition, alleviates symptoms such as itch, and has a positive impact on patient quality of life. These attributes address several unmet needs for patients with psoriasis with scalp involvement and have the potential to improve individual adherence to treatment","PeriodicalId":11362,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Context","volume":"72 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140973711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic appropriateness at outpatient settings in Ethiopia: the need for an antibiotic stewardship programme.","authors":"Rahel Belete Abebe, Bezawit Mulat Ayal, Muluken Adela Alemu, Tirsit Ketsela Zeleke","doi":"10.7573/dic.2023-12-2","DOIUrl":"10.7573/dic.2023-12-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiotics are drugs of natural or synthetic origin used to treat various infections. The practice of excessive and inappropriate antibiotics use is the main global cause of bacterial resistance, which is one of the most serious global public health threats. It is estimated that about 50% of global antibiotic prescriptions are inappropriate. This study assesses the prevalence and pattern of inappropriate prescriptions of antibiotics amongst ambulatory care visits in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A facility-based, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted amongst randomly selected prescriptions issued for outpatients from May to June 2022 at Debre Markos Specialized Comprehensive Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Descriptive statistics, such as frequencies and percentages, were computed. For group comparisons, χ² and independent sample <i>t</i>-tests were computed. The statistical significance of the association was considered at <i>p</i><0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2640 antibiotics were prescribed for patients in the outpatient setting with various bacterial infections via 911 prescriptions, of which 49.5% were non-compliant with the national treatment guideline. Guideline non-compliant prescriptions increased remarkably amongst patients in the outpatient setting diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (38.8% <i>versus</i> 30.1%; <i>p</i>=0.006) and peptic ulcer disease (14.9% <i>versus</i> 9%; <i>p</i>=0.006). Moreover, inappropriate prescription was significantly higher amongst patients taking amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (33.2% <i>versus</i> 48.2%; <i>p</i><0.001) and cephalexin (17.8% <i>versus</i> 24.3%; <i>p</i>=0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Large proportions of antibiotic prescriptions for outpatients were non-compliant with the national treatment guideline, suggesting that prescribers need to give special attention to outpatients whilst ordering antibiotics such as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cephalexin. Antibiotic stewardship efforts to optimize outpatient antibiotic prescriptions and reduce the use of potentially inappropriate antibiotics are needed in Ethiopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":11362,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Context","volume":"13 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11090269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilastine for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria: results from an international Delphi study.","authors":"Giorgio Walter Canonica, Piotr Kuna, Marcus Maurer, Ralph Mösges, Zoltan Novak, Nikolaus Papadopoulos, Pablo Rodriguez Del Rio","doi":"10.7573/dic.2024-2-3","DOIUrl":"10.7573/dic.2024-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Second-generation oral H₁-antihistamines, including bilastine, represent the emerging treatments of allergic rhinitis (including rhinoconjunctivitis) and chronic urticaria in both adults and children. This study analyses available evidence supporting the use of bilastine amongst second-generation antihistamines for the symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria in adults and children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consensus amongst experts from 17 countries on the ideal treatment of rhinitis and urticaria, and the specific role of bilastine was measured by means of a modified Delphi process. A total of 12 statements were voted on by the experts using a five-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree; 2 = disagree; 3 = undecided; 4 = agree; 5 = strongly agree). The definition of consensus was set at a minimum of 80% concordance for 4+5 scores (agree or strongly agree).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All proposed statements reached consensus, with a concordance of ≥98% for five statements and ≥96% for seven.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The wide consensus obtained for the proposed statements suggests a prominent role for bilastine in the management of allergic rhinitis and urticaria.</p>","PeriodicalId":11362,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Context","volume":"13 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11090268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding treatment goals and their application in clinical trial design for patients with Alzheimer disease and caregivers.","authors":"David Gómez-Ulloa, M Chris Runken, Wilton I Rodriguez, Basilio Hernández, Montserrat Chivite, E Anne Davis, Paul Nisbet","doi":"10.7573/dic.2023-11-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.2023-11-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As research continues towards improved treatments for Alzheimer disease (AD), there is growing interest in the views and needs from patients and caregivers on AD treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we surveyed patients with AD and caregivers to determine the treatment goals that are most important to them. Patients with AD and caregivers were independently recruited in Europe and North America to complete a web-based survey. Eligible participants were ≥18 years old and diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment or mild-to-moderate AD (patient-reported group) or persons involved in the care of patients with AD (caregiver-reported group). A total of 322 patients and 614 caregivers completed the survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The demographic characteristics of patients in the patient-reported and the caregiver-reported groups were similar. Disease severity of patients was greater in the caregiver-reported group compared with the patient-reported group (72.1% <i>versus</i> 46.9% moderate AD). The most important goal of AD treatment in both groups was maintenance of quality of life (QoL) (patient-reported group 31.1% and caregiver-reported group 38.8%; <i>p</i>=0.01). This was consistent across disease stages or symptom severity except for patients with mild cognitive impairment in the caregiver-reported group where slowing the progression of memory loss was the most important treatment goal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patient QoL was consistently the most relevant treatment goal for patients with AD and caregivers. In AD clinical trials, patient-relevant outcomes, for example, QoL, should be given high priority to reflect the needs and demands of patients with AD and their caregivers.A preliminary report of this work was presented at the 14th Clinical Trials on Alzheimer's Disease meeting (November 9-12, 2021).</p>","PeriodicalId":11362,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Context","volume":"13 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11065135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of fixed-dose combinations amongst attending physicians and residents: a cross-sectional evaluation.","authors":"Dhyuti Gupta, Prithpal Singh Matreja, Shilpa Patrick, Meenu Thomas, Pooja Agarwal, Preeti Singh","doi":"10.7573/dic.2024-2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.2024-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) were brought into the market with the intent of providing benefits primarily to patients and physicians. Nevertheless, despite their multiple advantages, they have their own set of drawbacks, especially regarding irrational FDCs. If physicians continue to prescribe them, prohibiting their sale would become all the more challenging. This cross-sectional survey study was planned to comprehend the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians regarding such FDCs at a tertiary care teaching institute of western Uttar Pradesh, India.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A pre-validated questionnaire was communicated electronically to all the attending physicians. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were applied and a χ² test was performed for inter-group comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Amongst the 108 respondents, participation was almost comparable from both medical and surgical branches, with most participants being junior residents (58%). Even with sound knowledge of FDCs, only 46.30% of them were aware of banned FDCs. Similarly, only 6.48% could correctly identify the disadvantages associated with the use of FDCs, and 33.18% could correctly recognize irrational FDCs. This finding was consistently reflected in their attitude and practice and only 15.74% of respondents cross-referenced FDCs with the available literature. Furthermore, despite 88.89% of respondents checking for rationality of FDCs before prescribing them, a compendium of irrational FDCs is routinely prescribed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To amend these shortcomings in prescribing of irrational FDCs, some recommendations are proposed by the authors herein.</p>","PeriodicalId":11362,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Context","volume":"13 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11065134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tildrakizumab for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis: a 52-week, real-world Portuguese multicentric study.","authors":"Tiago Torres, Paulo Varela, Pedro Mendes Bastos, Sofia Magina, Martinha Henrique, Paulo Ferreira","doi":"10.7573/dic.2023-12-5","DOIUrl":"10.7573/dic.2023-12-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Real-world evidence plays a pivotal role in validating the efficacy of biologic drugs beyond the controlled environment of randomized trials. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of tildrakizumab in treating moderate-to-severe psoriasis within a real-world setting over a 52-week period in Portugal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicentric, prospective, observational study included adult patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. All participants received tildrakizumab 100 mg at weeks 0 and 4, followed by a maintenance dose every 12 weeks, and were monitored for 52 weeks. Primary endpoints were determined based on Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) assessments at baseline, 16 (±2) weeks, 28 (±2) weeks and 52 (±2) weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 54 patients were enrolled in the study (56% men, mean age of 50.3 ± 14.4 years). Half of the sample (<i>n</i>=27) had no prior experience with biologic treatments. About 74% of patients (<i>n</i>=40) presented at least one comorbidity during the study, with psoriatic arthritis being the most prevalent (29.6%). By week 52, there was a significant decrease in the mean PASI from 17.8±10.3 at baseline to 1.3±1.9 (<i>p</i><0.001), indicating an overall improvement of 93%. By week 52, more than 85% of patients attained PASI ≤5, more than 80% reached PASI ≤3, and nearly 60% achieved PASI ≤1. Infections were observed in 9.3% of patients, and one patient required hospitalization (1.9%). The cumulative proportion of patients continuing treatment at 52 weeks was 88.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that tildrakizumab is an effective and safe agent for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis in a diverse, real-world setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":11362,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Context","volume":"13 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10954292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of post-contrast kidney injury in patients with cancer.","authors":"Emanuele Grassedonio, Lorena Incorvaia, Marco Guarneri, Fabio Guagnini, Massimo Midiri","doi":"10.7573/dic.2023-11-2","DOIUrl":"10.7573/dic.2023-11-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-contrast acute kidney injury is defined as a nephropathy with an increase in serum creatinine of >0.3 mg/dL (or >26.5 μmol/L) or >1.5-times the baseline within 48-72 h of intravascular administration of a contrast medium. Patients with cancer have an increased risk of post-contrast acute kidney injury not only related to the frequent use of contrast medium for computed tomography scans but also to other factors, including the type of tumour, age, oncological therapies, use of other nephrotoxic agents and dehydration. Preventive strategies were developed and may be applied to different risk profiles. Patients at risk may be detected by recently published risk scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":11362,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Context","volume":"13 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10954291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140179388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-practice management and treatment of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease with siltuximab: a collection of clinical experiences.","authors":"Bernardo Rossini, Nicola Cecchi, Felice Clemente, Maria Rosaria De Paolis, Stefan Hohaus, Vanessa Innao, Mariano Lucignano, Roberto Massaiu, Giovanna Palumbo, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Francesca Gaia Rossi, Luisa Verga, Attilio Guarini","doi":"10.7573/dic.2023-9-4","DOIUrl":"10.7573/dic.2023-9-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Castleman disease (CD) is a group of lymphoproliferative disorders that share common histopathological features yet have widely different aetiologies, clinical features and grades of severity as well as treatments and outcomes. Siltuximab is currently the only therapy approved by the FDA and EMA for idiopathic multicentric CD and is recommended as first-line therapy in treatment guidelines. Despite the extensive characterization of siltuximab treatment in clinical trials, available evidence from real-world practice is still scant. This collection of clinical experiences focuses on patients treated with siltuximab therapy, particularly regarding the idiopathic multicentric CD diagnostic work-up, and on treatment administration in patients with complex disease entering differential diagnosis with CD or concomitant diseases. Thus, these data help further characterize and improve the use of siltuximab in real practice in terms of effectiveness and safety of long-term administration as well as consequences of treatment interruption.</p>","PeriodicalId":11362,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Context","volume":"13 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10954290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140179389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}