Diabetology International最新文献

{"title":"Optimal obesity and lipid-related predictors of diabetes mellitus in middle-aged and elderly patients with liver disease in China: a CHARLS cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yang Wu, Tian Li, Yanan Zhang, Chujiang Wu, Xiaofeng Zheng, Jiucong Zhang, Bing Liang","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00851-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-025-00851-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chinese middle-aged and elderly (≥45 years old) liver disease patients have a high diabetes mellitus (DM) incidence with gender differences. Identify the optimal obesity and blood lipid-related predictors of DM in such patients by sex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011-2020 data, we explored DM predictors by sex, evaluating with receiver operating characteristic (ROC), area under curve (AUC), etc., to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) after confounder adjustment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Many indexes were significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Obesity and lipid-related indexes had certain discrimination (AUC > 0.5), with the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index performing best (AUC = 0.78). The visceral adiposity index (VAI) (OR = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.04-1.12) and the triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) (OR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.06-1.22) promoted DM in male patients, while VAI (OR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.08-1.16) and the triglyceride-glucose-waist circumference (TyG-WC) (OR = 1.15, 95%CI = 1.09-1.21) did so in female patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TyG-BMI and TyG-WC are the best DM predictors for male and female liver disease patients, respectively. VAI also has predictive value for DM prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 4","pages":"834-843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of type 1 diabetes mellitus with a single-positive zinc transporter 8 antibody who developed diabetic ketoacidosis during chemotherapy for colorectal cancer.","authors":"Takayasu Uchida, Takuya Awata, Yurina Nanahara, Yuya Suzuki, Kimio Matsumura, Kaoru Nagasawa, Tetsuro Kobayashi, Yasumichi Mori","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00850-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-025-00850-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zinc transporter 8 antibody (ZnT8A) is a key serological marker of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Cases of ZnT8A single positivity are relatively rare. This study aimed to investigate a case of ZnT8A single-positive T1DM in a 51-year-old woman who developed diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. She had normoglycemia 15 months prior to the presentation. During chemotherapy with intermittent corticosteroid administration, she developed DKA, which required intensive insulin therapy. Although she was negative for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA), insulinoma-associated antigen-2 antibody (IA-2A), and insulin autoantibody (IAA), she was positive for ZnT8A. The HLA typing results revealed homozygosity for DRB1*04:06 and DQB1*03:02. At the 6-month follow-up after the initial diagnosis, endogenous insulin secretion remained partially preserved, suggesting an atypical course; the differential diagnosis between acute-onset T1DM with a honeymoon phase and an acute exacerbation of slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus (SPIDDM) remained challenging. Although ZnT8A single-positive T1DM is a relatively uncommon clinical subtype, it should be considered in clinical practice. Previous studies indicated a predominance of acute-onset T1DM in such cases, and even in patients with SPIDDM or an uncertain subtype, there appears to be a potential risk of developing DKA as demonstrated in the present case. Furthermore, given the potential association between ZnT8A positivity and a more rapid deterioration of endogenous insulin secretion, an early assessment of the ZnT8A levels is important when T1DM is suspected.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 4","pages":"855-860"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of concomitant use of antiplatelet agents on the production of anti-insulin antibodies in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin analogues.","authors":"Tokio Sanke, Eri Tamagawa, Yuko Matsuoka, Atsuyo Fujita, Yoshiki Kadoya, Shoichi Yamada","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00849-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-025-00849-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We have already reported that anti-insulin antibodies are produced at a fairly high frequency in type 2 diabetic patients treated with insulin analogues, and the amount of insulin requirement was significantly higher in antibodies carriers than in non-carriers. On the other hand, insulin autoantibody production by clopidogrel, which has an antiplatelet effect, has been reported. Therefore, we investigated the effect of concomitant use of antiplatelet agents on anti-insulin antibodies production in type 2 diabetic patients treated with insulin analogues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anti-insulin antibodies were measured in 150 type 2 diabetic patients using insulin analogue and 15 patients without insulin treatment but with antiplatelet agents. Among insulin treated patients, 62 had concomitant use of antiplatelet agents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall positivity of anti-insulin antibodies in the insulin-treated patients was 25.3%. On the other hand, the positivity rate in those not on antiplatelet agents (<i>N</i> = 88) was 15.9%, whereas the rate was significantly (<i>P</i> = 0.002) higher in those on antiplatelet agents (<i>N</i> = 62), at 28.7%. No one has anti-insulin antibodies in patients without insulin treatment. The antibodies-positive rate was also significantly higher than that of non-users of antiplatelet agents, irrespective of the type of antiplatelet agent. The amount of daily insulin requirement had a significant and positive association with antibodies positivity by stratified and multiple regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results strongly suggest that antiplatelet agents affect the increased production rate of anti-insulin antibodies by insulin analogues and may have contributed to increased insulin dose requirement via positivity of anti-insulin antibodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 4","pages":"827-833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum neopterin level and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot observational study.","authors":"Ayat El-Kholy, Olfat Fawzy, Doaa Sayed, Marwa Abdellah, Emad Gamil Khidr","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00847-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-025-00847-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a prevalent and disabling complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), leading to significant morbidity and reduced quality of life. Chronic hyperglycemia, metabolic disturbances, and immune system activation are contributors to the development and evolution of DPN. Neopterin, a pteridine derivative produced by activated macrophages, reflects cellular immune activation and oxidative stress, both of which are implicated in diabetic complications. However, the role of serum neopterin as a potential biomarker for diabetic neuropathy has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum neopterin levels and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with T2D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 90 participants were enrolled, including 60 patients with T2D and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The T2D group was subdivided into 30 patients with DPN and 30 patients without DPN. Serum neopterin levels were measured using ELISA. All participants underwent nerve conduction studies (NCS) and Toronto clinical neuropathy score (TCNS) assessments. Glycemic and lipid profiles were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum neopterin levels were significantly elevated in T2D patients with DPN compared to those without neuropathy and healthy controls. Higher neopterin levels were strongly associated with neuropathy severity, as patients with axonal neuropathy exhibited the highest neopterin concentrations. Additionally, neopterin correlated positively with TCNS scores, NCS results, and altered lipid profile, suggesting a link between metabolic dysregulation and immune activation in DPN.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated serum neopterin levels may reflect underlying immune activation and oxidative stress in T2D patients with DPN. Neopterin could function as a valuable biomarker for the early detection and severity assessment of DPN.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 4","pages":"818-826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in clinical characteristics between definite and probable slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in real-world clinical settings in Japan (JDDM 79).","authors":"Keiko Arai, Mariko Oishi, Noriharu Yagi, Shin-Ichiro Shirabe, Hiroshi Maegawa","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00844-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-025-00844-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The Japan Diabetes Society revised the diagnostic criteria for slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (SPIDDM) in 2023. We aimed to clarify the clinical differences between definite and probable SPIDDM using the new criteria in real-world clinical settings in Japan.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We included data of 190 and 582 patients with definite and probable SPIDDM, respectively, from 24 facilities participating in the Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study Group. Age, sex, body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting C-peptide levels were extracted from the Computerized Diabetes Care database and analyzed cross-sectionally at the time of registration and at the most recent visit from June to December 2021. Data on pharmacotherapy, macro- and microvascular complications, diabetes duration at the onset of these complications, and drugs concurrently used for hypertension and hyperlipidemia were collected and compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Collectively, 0.8% and 2.3% of patients with all types of diabetes had definite and probable SPIDDM, respectively. The median age at onset of definite and probable SPIDDM was 41 (interquartile range, 33-52) and 47 (38-57) years; male/female ratio (%), 47.4/52.6 and 60.5/39.5; period until insulin initiation, 41.5 (3.3-126.8) and 78 (12-161) months; and median body mass index at registration; 21.9 (19.4-24.5) and 24.0 (21.1-26.9) kg/m², respectively. The macro- and microvascular complication rates did not differ between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with definite SPIDDM were predominantly female and had a younger age at onset and shorter period until insulin initiation than those with probable SPIDDM did.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 4","pages":"809-817"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of metallothionein 3 in diabetic nephropathy via interplay with HIF-1α.","authors":"Yuri Takiyama, Yumi Takiyama, Takao Takiyama, Ryoichi Bessho, Hiroya Kitsunai, Akira Takasawa, Hiroshi Nomoto","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00840-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-025-00840-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metallothioneins (MTs) are a cysteine-rich protein that scavenges reactive oxygen species. Hypoxia is involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and aggravates oxidative stress. Hypoxia dramatically induced <i>MT3</i>, whereas induced around twofold increment in <i>MT2</i>, but inhibited <i>MT1</i> in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HRPTECs). Given that the role of MT3 in DN remains unclear, we explored the involvement of MT3 in DN. Microarray analysis also identified MT3-regulated candidate genes, including ceruloplasmin (<i>CP</i>) and cytochrome b reductase 1 (<i>CYBRD1</i>), as well as FGF-Klotho (KL)-FGFR complexes in HRPTECs. Hypoxia significantly induced <i>MT3</i> expression through HIF-1-dependent mechanisms, and MT3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) decreased <i>CP</i>, <i>CYBRD1</i>, and <i>KL</i> expression under hypoxic conditions. In humanized MT3-BACTg mice, except HIF-1α, diabetes significantly increased the expression of MT3, CP, CYRBD1, FGFR2, and KL in the renal cortex in MT3-BACTg mice. Diabetic MT3-BACTg mice presented more severely damaged mitochondria in proximal tubules than their wild-type littermates did, accompanied with peritubular capillary obstruction by swollen endothelial cells. Moreover, the proximal tubules-specific overexpression of MT3 in mice (MT3Tg) represented no overlap in the protein expression between MT3 and HIF-1α in diabetic kidney. Accordingly<i>,</i> MT3 siRNA significantly augmented HIF-1α protein and <i>HIF1A</i> in HRPTECs. Finally, <i>MT3</i> expression in the renal tubulointerstitium was positively correlated with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in DN subjects by data from Nephroseq. In conclusion, these results showed that there might be a unique interplay between MT3 and HIF-1α in diabetic kidney of to regulate hypoxia-induced HIF-1α expression.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-025-00840-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 4","pages":"779-800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of daily life activities in managing obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a study using physical activity records.","authors":"Yushin Yamamoto, Minoru Yamada, Yusuke Terao, Akiyoshi Miyazawa, Iwao Kojima, Shu Tanaka, Kosaku Katsumata, Keigo Sato, Ryosuke Kita, Shunya Mimatsu, Naoki Tani, Keita Aida, Shunsuke Funazaki, Hodaka Yamada, Masashi Yoshida, Kazuo Hara","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00848-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-025-00848-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity, including non-exercise activities, is important in the management of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate lifestyle factors associated with obesity using detailed measures of physical activity in patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 96 outpatients with T2DM (male, 61.5%; median age, 69.5 years). Outpatients self-reported their 24-h physical activity over a period of seven days. In this measure, participants selected one of the various listed activities every 15 min. Obesity indicators were defined by measuring the percent body fat (PBF) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR); if both exceeded the cutoff values, patients were classified as PBF(+)WHR(+). The association between this outcome measure and physical activity was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, total physical activities (odds ratio [OR] 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-0.90) and daily life activities (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.77-0.96) were each significantly associated with PBF(+)WHR(+). In addition, the results of the analyses of each sub-item of the daily life activities of showed that 'sedentary activities' (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.03-1.38) and 'standing with some walking' (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.67-1.00) were each significantly associated with PBF(+)WHR(+).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with T2DM, obesity is associated with physical activity, including non-exercise activities, sedentary behavior, and daily activities involving standing and walking.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-025-00848-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 4","pages":"801-808"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia and real-time continuous glucose monitoring with the occurrence and frequency of severe hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a real-world panel data analysis from the PR-IAH study.","authors":"Naoki Sakane, Ken Kato, Sonyun Hata, Erika Nishimura, Rika Araki, Kunichi Kouyama, Masako Hatao, Yuka Matoba, Yuichi Matsushita, Masayuki Domichi, Akiko Suganuma, Seiko Sakane, Takashi Murata","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00846-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-025-00846-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) often experience severe hypoglycemia (SH); however, the protective and risk factors that influence its occurrence and frequency in the era of advanced diabetes technology remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) and real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) with the incidence and frequency of SH in adults with T1DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, observational study recruited 311 adults with T1DM (mean age: 50.6 ± 14.7 years; male: 37.9%; diabetes duration: 17.9 ± 11.3 years; mean HbA1c: 7.7 ± 1.0%) from seven diabetes centers across Japan. All participants were aged ≥ 20 years and had been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes for at least 1 year. The primary outcomes were the incidence and frequency of SH, defined as an episode of hypoglycemia necessitating assistance from others. Logistic and Poisson fixed- or random-effects models were selected using the Hausman test and were applied to analyze the data. Data are presented as coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of SH was 5.4 (95% CI 3.6-7.7)/100 person-years during the 2-year follow-up period. The logit random-effects model for predicting the occurrence of SH revealed that diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) tended to be associated with an increased risk (coefficient: 2.01, 95% CI - 0.02 to 4.04; <i>P</i> = 0.053), whereas IAH (coefficient: 1.08, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.66; <i>P</i> < 0.001) exhibited a significant association with an increased risk. rtCGM (coefficient: - 1.75, 95% CI - 2.49 to - 1.00; <i>P</i> < 0.001) was associated with a reduced risk. The Poisson random-effects model for predicting the frequency of SH revealed that DPN and the IAH score (coefficient: 0.21, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.35; <i>P</i> = 0.006) exhibited positive associations with an increased frequency of SH, whereas rtCGM (coefficient: - 1.60, 95% CI - 2.84 to - 0.37; <i>P</i> = 0.011) was associated with a reduced frequency of SH.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This panel data analysis demonstrated that IAH was associated with an increased incidence and frequency of SH, whereas rtCGM was associated with a decreased incidence and frequency of SH.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Center: UMIN000039475), approval date: February 13, 2020.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 4","pages":"770-778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of tofogliflozin on obesity-related health problems in patients with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity-a post-hoc sub-analysis of the UTOPIA study.","authors":"Naoto Katakami, Tomoya Mita, Takafumi Masuda, Yasunori Sato, Hirotaka Watada, Iichiro Shimomura","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00845-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13340-025-00845-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tofogliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, on health issues in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and overweight or obesity in real-world clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This post-hoc sub-analysis of the UTOPIA trial, a randomized prospective study, included 210 patients (102 in the tofogliflozin group and 108 in the conventional treatment group) with a body mass index of ≥ 25.0 kg/m². The primary outcome was the percentage of patients achieving a weight loss of ≥ 3% at 26 and 104 weeks. Secondary outcomes included improvements in obesity-related health problems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 26 weeks, 46.4% of the tofogliflozin group (95% confidence interval [CI] 36.2-56.8%) achieved a weight loss of 3% of more, significantly higher than 14.4% in the conventional treatment group (95% CI 8.3-22.7%, p < 0.001). At 104 weeks, 62.0% of the tofogliflozin group (95% CI 51.2-71.9%) achieved this outcome compared with 29.3% in the conventional treatment group (95% CI 20.6-39.3%, p < 0.001). The tofogliflozin group also showed greater improvements in glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, liver indices, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, serum uric acid, and quality of life (QOL). Additionally, arterial stiffness progression was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) and the increase in urinary albumin tended to be attenuated (p = 0.056) in the tofogliflozin group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Japanese patients with T2DM and obesity, tofogliflozin effectively promotes weight loss and has a positive impact on various obesity-related health problems and QOL. These findings suggest its potential as a therapeutic option for improving both metabolic and cardiovascular health in this population.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>UMIN000017607 (https://www.umin.ac.jp/icdr/index.html).</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-025-00845-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 4","pages":"756-769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of ADIPOQ gene variants on plasma adiponectin levels and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy in South Indian population: a case-control study.","authors":"Santhini Gopalakrishnan, Santhi Priya Sobha, Karpagavel Lakshmanan","doi":"10.1007/s13340-025-00837-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-025-00837-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant and major microvascular complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with obesity being a major risk factor. Adiponectin is a major adipokine secreted by adipose tissue, encoded by the APM1/ADIPOQ gene. Genetic variation in the ADIPOQ gene has been linked to the development of T2DM and DN. The present study aims to investigate the influence of the rs2241766 and rs17300539 polymorphisms of the APN gene on the risk of DN. A total of 150 participants were grouped as Group I: Control (<i>N</i> = 50), Group II: T2DM (<i>N</i> = 50), and Group III: DN (<i>N</i> = 50). Blood glucose, renal profile, and lipid profile were analyzed and the genetic variants were analyzed using ARMS-PCR. The rs2241766 was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing T2DM in homozygous mutant [OR: 23.40 (2.43-224.64); 0.006], Dominant [3.27 (1.42-7.52); 0.005], recessive [10.75 (1.30-88.47); 0.027] and allelic [3.32 (1.68-6.58); 0.0006] model. Males demonstrated an increased risk but the increase was not statistically significant. The rs2241766 polymorphism was not associated with the development of DN in general and gender subtype. The rs17300539 was not associated with the development of T2DM or DN in the studied population. DN demonstrated significantly lower plasma APN levels and higher oxidative stress (as measured by NOX) compared to healthy controls. The rs2241766 variant enhanced T2DM risk while the rs17300539 polymorphism did not demonstrate any relationship with T2DM development. However, neither the rs2241766 nor the rs17300539 polymorphisms demonstrated any correlation with the onset of DN.</p>","PeriodicalId":11340,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology International","volume":"16 4","pages":"749-755"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}